follow Standard Go Project Layout

https://github.com/golang-standards/project-layout

Now you can see clearly what are private and public library code.

Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>

16 files changed, 15182 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..01251167
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9674 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package bgp
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net"
+	"reflect"
+	"regexp"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type MarshallingOption struct {
+	AddPath map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode
+}
+
+func IsAddPathEnabled(decode bool, f RouteFamily, options []*MarshallingOption) bool {
+	for _, opt := range options {
+		if opt == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if o := opt.AddPath; o != nil {
+			if decode && o[f]&BGP_ADD_PATH_RECEIVE > 0 {
+				return true
+			} else if !decode && o[f]&BGP_ADD_PATH_SEND > 0 {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+const (
+	AFI_IP     = 1
+	AFI_IP6    = 2
+	AFI_L2VPN  = 25
+	AFI_OPAQUE = 16397
+)
+
+const (
+	SAFI_UNICAST                  = 1
+	SAFI_MULTICAST                = 2
+	SAFI_MPLS_LABEL               = 4
+	SAFI_ENCAPSULATION            = 7
+	SAFI_VPLS                     = 65
+	SAFI_EVPN                     = 70
+	SAFI_MPLS_VPN                 = 128
+	SAFI_MPLS_VPN_MULTICAST       = 129
+	SAFI_ROUTE_TARGET_CONSTRAINTS = 132
+	SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST        = 133
+	SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN            = 134
+	SAFI_KEY_VALUE                = 241
+)
+
+const (
+	BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_IGP        uint8 = 0
+	BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_EGP        uint8 = 1
+	BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_INCOMPLETE uint8 = 2
+)
+
+const (
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET        = 1
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SEQ        = 2
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ = 3
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET = 4
+)
+
+// RFC7153 5.1. Registries for the "Type" Field
+// RANGE	REGISTRATION PROCEDURES
+// 0x00-0x3F	Transitive First Come First Served
+// 0x40-0x7F	Non-Transitive First Come First Served
+// 0x80-0x8F	Transitive Experimental Use
+// 0x90-0xBF	Transitive Standards Action
+// 0xC0-0xCF	Non-Transitive Experimental Use
+// 0xD0-0xFF	Non-Transitive Standards Action
+type ExtendedCommunityAttrType uint8
+
+const (
+	EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC      ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x00
+	EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC               ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x00 // RFC5701
+	EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC               ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x01
+	EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC     ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x02
+	EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE                     ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x03
+	EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_QOS_MARKING                ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x04
+	EC_TYPE_COS_CAPABILITY                        ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x05
+	EC_TYPE_EVPN                                  ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x06
+	EC_TYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT_MIRROR              ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x08
+	EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC  ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x40
+	EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC           ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x40 // RFC5701
+	EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC           ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x41
+	EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x42
+	EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE                 ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x43
+	EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_QOS_MARKING            ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x44
+	EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL       ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x80
+	EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2      ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x81 // RFC7674
+	EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3      ExtendedCommunityAttrType = 0x82 // RFC7674
+)
+
+// RFC7153 5.2. Registries for the "Sub-Type" Field
+// RANGE	REGISTRATION PROCEDURES
+// 0x00-0xBF	First Come First Served
+// 0xC0-0xFF	IETF Review
+type ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType uint8
+
+const (
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET            ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x02 // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x01, 0x02
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_ORIGIN            ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x03 // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x01, 0x02
+	EC_SUBTYPE_LINK_BANDWIDTH          ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x04 // EC_TYPE: 0x40
+	EC_SUBTYPE_GENERIC                 ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x04 // EC_TYPE: 0x02, 0x42
+	EC_SUBTYPE_OSPF_DOMAIN_ID          ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x05 // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x01, 0x02
+	EC_SUBTYPE_OSPF_ROUTE_ID           ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x07 // EC_TYPE: 0x01
+	EC_SUBTYPE_BGP_DATA_COLLECTION     ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x08 // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x02
+	EC_SUBTYPE_SOURCE_AS               ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x09 // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x02
+	EC_SUBTYPE_L2VPN_ID                ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0A // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x01
+	EC_SUBTYPE_VRF_ROUTE_IMPORT        ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0B // EC_TYPE: 0x01
+	EC_SUBTYPE_CISCO_VPN_DISTINGUISHER ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x10 // EC_TYPE: 0x00, 0x01, 0x02
+
+	EC_SUBTYPE_OSPF_ROUTE_TYPE ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x06 // EC_TYPE: 0x03
+	EC_SUBTYPE_COLOR           ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0B // EC_TYPE: 0x03
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ENCAPSULATION   ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0C // EC_TYPE: 0x03
+	EC_SUBTYPE_DEFAULT_GATEWAY ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0D // EC_TYPE: 0x03
+
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ORIGIN_VALIDATION ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x00 // EC_TYPE: 0x43
+
+	EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_RATE   ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x06 // EC_TYPE: 0x80
+	EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_ACTION ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x07 // EC_TYPE: 0x80
+	EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT       ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x08 // EC_TYPE: 0x80
+	EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_REMARK ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x09 // EC_TYPE: 0x80
+	EC_SUBTYPE_L2_INFO                 ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0A // EC_TYPE: 0x80
+	EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT_IP6   ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x0B // EC_TYPE: 0x80
+
+	EC_SUBTYPE_MAC_MOBILITY ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x00 // EC_TYPE: 0x06
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ESI_LABEL    ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x01 // EC_TYPE: 0x06
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ES_IMPORT    ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x02 // EC_TYPE: 0x06
+	EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTER_MAC   ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x03 // EC_TYPE: 0x06
+
+	EC_SUBTYPE_UUID_BASED_RT ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType = 0x11
+)
+
+type TunnelType uint16
+
+const (
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_L2TP3       TunnelType = 1
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE         TunnelType = 2
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_IP_IN_IP    TunnelType = 7
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN       TunnelType = 8
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_NVGRE       TunnelType = 9
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS        TunnelType = 10
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS_IN_GRE TunnelType = 11
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN_GRE   TunnelType = 12
+	TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS_IN_UDP TunnelType = 13
+)
+
+func (p TunnelType) String() string {
+	switch p {
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_L2TP3:
+		return "l2tp3"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE:
+		return "gre"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_IP_IN_IP:
+		return "ip-in-ip"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN:
+		return "vxlan"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_NVGRE:
+		return "nvgre"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS:
+		return "mpls"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS_IN_GRE:
+		return "mpls-in-gre"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN_GRE:
+		return "vxlan-gre"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS_IN_UDP:
+		return "mpls-in-udp"
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("TunnelType(%d)", uint8(p))
+	}
+}
+
+type PmsiTunnelType uint8
+
+const (
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_NO_TUNNEL      PmsiTunnelType = 0
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_RSVP_TE_P2MP   PmsiTunnelType = 1
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_MLDP_P2MP      PmsiTunnelType = 2
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_PIM_SSM_TREE   PmsiTunnelType = 3
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_PIM_SM_TREE    PmsiTunnelType = 4
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_BIDIR_PIM_TREE PmsiTunnelType = 5
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_INGRESS_REPL   PmsiTunnelType = 6
+	PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_MLDP_MP2MP     PmsiTunnelType = 7
+)
+
+func (p PmsiTunnelType) String() string {
+	switch p {
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_NO_TUNNEL:
+		return "no-tunnel"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_RSVP_TE_P2MP:
+		return "rsvp-te-p2mp"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_MLDP_P2MP:
+		return "mldp-p2mp"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_PIM_SSM_TREE:
+		return "pim-ssm-tree"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_PIM_SM_TREE:
+		return "pim-sm-tree"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_BIDIR_PIM_TREE:
+		return "bidir-pim-tree"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_INGRESS_REPL:
+		return "ingress-repl"
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_MLDP_MP2MP:
+		return "mldp-mp2mp"
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("PmsiTunnelType(%d)", uint8(p))
+	}
+}
+
+type EncapSubTLVType uint8
+
+const (
+	ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_ENCAPSULATION EncapSubTLVType = 1
+	ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_PROTOCOL      EncapSubTLVType = 2
+	ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_COLOR         EncapSubTLVType = 4
+)
+
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_MSG_OPEN
+	BGP_MSG_UPDATE
+	BGP_MSG_NOTIFICATION
+	BGP_MSG_KEEPALIVE
+	BGP_MSG_ROUTE_REFRESH
+)
+
+const (
+	BGP_OPT_CAPABILITY = 2
+)
+
+type BGPCapabilityCode uint8
+
+const (
+	BGP_CAP_MULTIPROTOCOL               BGPCapabilityCode = 1
+	BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH               BGPCapabilityCode = 2
+	BGP_CAP_CARRYING_LABEL_INFO         BGPCapabilityCode = 4
+	BGP_CAP_EXTENDED_NEXTHOP            BGPCapabilityCode = 5
+	BGP_CAP_GRACEFUL_RESTART            BGPCapabilityCode = 64
+	BGP_CAP_FOUR_OCTET_AS_NUMBER        BGPCapabilityCode = 65
+	BGP_CAP_ADD_PATH                    BGPCapabilityCode = 69
+	BGP_CAP_ENHANCED_ROUTE_REFRESH      BGPCapabilityCode = 70
+	BGP_CAP_LONG_LIVED_GRACEFUL_RESTART BGPCapabilityCode = 71
+	BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH_CISCO         BGPCapabilityCode = 128
+)
+
+var CapNameMap = map[BGPCapabilityCode]string{
+	BGP_CAP_MULTIPROTOCOL:               "multiprotocol",
+	BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH:               "route-refresh",
+	BGP_CAP_CARRYING_LABEL_INFO:         "carrying-label-info",
+	BGP_CAP_GRACEFUL_RESTART:            "graceful-restart",
+	BGP_CAP_EXTENDED_NEXTHOP:            "extended-nexthop",
+	BGP_CAP_FOUR_OCTET_AS_NUMBER:        "4-octet-as",
+	BGP_CAP_ADD_PATH:                    "add-path",
+	BGP_CAP_ENHANCED_ROUTE_REFRESH:      "enhanced-route-refresh",
+	BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH_CISCO:         "cisco-route-refresh",
+	BGP_CAP_LONG_LIVED_GRACEFUL_RESTART: "long-lived-graceful-restart",
+}
+
+func (c BGPCapabilityCode) String() string {
+	if n, y := CapNameMap[c]; y {
+		return n
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("UnknownCapability(%d)", c)
+}
+
+var (
+	// Used parsing RouteDistinguisher
+	_regexpRouteDistinguisher = regexp.MustCompile(`^((\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)|((\d+)\.)?(\d+)|([\w]+:[\w:]*:[\w]+)):(\d+)$`)
+
+	// Used for operator and value for the FlowSpec numeric type
+	// Example:
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("&==80")
+	// >>> ["&==80" "&" "==" "80"]
+	_regexpFlowSpecNumericType = regexp.MustCompile(`(&?)(==|=|>|>=|<|<=|!|!=|=!)?(\d+|-\d|true|false)`)
+
+	// - "=!" is used in the old style format of "tcp-flags" and "fragment".
+	// - The value field should be one of the followings:
+	//     * Decimal value (e.g., 80)
+	//     * Combination of the small letters, decimals, "-" and "+"
+	//       (e.g., tcp, ipv4, is-fragment+first-fragment)
+	//     * Capital letters (e.g., SA)
+	_regexpFlowSpecOperator      = regexp.MustCompile(`&|=|>|<|!|[\w\-+]+`)
+	_regexpFlowSpecOperatorValue = regexp.MustCompile(`[\w\-+]+`)
+
+	// Note: "(-*)" and "(.*)" catch the invalid flags
+	// Example: In this case, "Z" is unsupported flag type.
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("&==-SZU")
+	// >>> ["&==-SZU" "&" "==" "-" "S" "ZU"]
+	_regexpFlowSpecTCPFlag = regexp.MustCompile("(&?)(==|=|!|!=|=!)?(-*)([FSRPAUCE]+)(.*)")
+
+	// Note: "(.*)" catches the invalid flags
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("&!=+first-fragment+last-fragment+invalid-fragment")
+	// >>> ["&!=+first-fragment+last-fragment+invalid-fragment" "&" "!=" "+first-fragment+last-fragment" "+last-fragment" "+" "last" "+invalid-fragment"]
+	_regexpFlowSpecFragment = regexp.MustCompile(`(&?)(==|=|!|!=|=!)?(((\+)?(dont|is|first|last|not-a)-fragment)+)(.*)`)
+
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("192.168.0.0/24")
+	// >>> ["192.168.0.0/24" "192.168.0.0" "/24" "24"]
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("192.168.0.1")
+	// >>> ["192.168.0.1" "192.168.0.1" "" ""]
+	_regexpFindIPv4Prefix = regexp.MustCompile(`^([\d.]+)(/(\d{1,2}))?`)
+
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("2001:dB8::/64")
+	// >>> ["2001:dB8::/64" "2001:dB8::" "/64" "64" "" ""]
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("2001:dB8::/64/8")
+	// >>> ["2001:dB8::/64/8" "2001:dB8::" "/64" "64" "/8" "8"]
+	// re.FindStringSubmatch("2001:dB8::1")
+	// >>> ["2001:dB8::1" "2001:dB8::1" "" "" "" ""]
+	_regexpFindIPv6Prefix = regexp.MustCompile(`^([a-fA-F\d:.]+)(/(\d{1,3}))?(/(\d{1,3}))?`)
+)
+
+type ParameterCapabilityInterface interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	Len() int
+	Code() BGPCapabilityCode
+}
+
+type DefaultParameterCapability struct {
+	CapCode  BGPCapabilityCode `json:"code"`
+	CapLen   uint8             `json:"-"`
+	CapValue []byte            `json:"value,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (c *DefaultParameterCapability) Code() BGPCapabilityCode {
+	return c.CapCode
+}
+
+func (c *DefaultParameterCapability) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.CapCode = BGPCapabilityCode(data[0])
+	c.CapLen = data[1]
+	if len(data) < 2+int(c.CapLen) {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all OptionParameterCapability bytes available")
+	}
+	if c.CapLen > 0 {
+		c.CapValue = data[2 : 2+c.CapLen]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *DefaultParameterCapability) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	c.CapLen = uint8(len(c.CapValue))
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	buf[0] = uint8(c.CapCode)
+	buf[1] = c.CapLen
+	buf = append(buf, c.CapValue...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (c *DefaultParameterCapability) Len() int {
+	return int(c.CapLen + 2)
+}
+
+type CapMultiProtocol struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+	CapValue RouteFamily
+}
+
+func (c *CapMultiProtocol) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all CapabilityMultiProtocol bytes available")
+	}
+	c.CapValue = AfiSafiToRouteFamily(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]), data[3])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *CapMultiProtocol) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	afi, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(c.CapValue)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:], afi)
+	buf[3] = safi
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.CapValue = buf
+	return c.DefaultParameterCapability.Serialize()
+}
+
+func (c *CapMultiProtocol) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Code  BGPCapabilityCode `json:"code"`
+		Value RouteFamily       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Code:  c.Code(),
+		Value: c.CapValue,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapMultiProtocol(rf RouteFamily) *CapMultiProtocol {
+	return &CapMultiProtocol{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_MULTIPROTOCOL,
+		},
+		rf,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapRouteRefresh struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+}
+
+func NewCapRouteRefresh() *CapRouteRefresh {
+	return &CapRouteRefresh{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type CapCarryingLabelInfo struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+}
+
+func NewCapCarryingLabelInfo() *CapCarryingLabelInfo {
+	return &CapCarryingLabelInfo{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_CARRYING_LABEL_INFO,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type CapExtendedNexthopTuple struct {
+	NLRIAFI    uint16
+	NLRISAFI   uint16
+	NexthopAFI uint16
+}
+
+func (c *CapExtendedNexthopTuple) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		NLRIAddressFamily    RouteFamily `json:"nlri_address_family"`
+		NexthopAddressFamily uint16      `json:"nexthop_address_family"`
+	}{
+		NLRIAddressFamily:    AfiSafiToRouteFamily(c.NLRIAFI, uint8(c.NLRISAFI)),
+		NexthopAddressFamily: c.NexthopAFI,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapExtendedNexthopTuple(af RouteFamily, nexthop uint16) *CapExtendedNexthopTuple {
+	afi, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(af)
+	return &CapExtendedNexthopTuple{
+		NLRIAFI:    afi,
+		NLRISAFI:   uint16(safi),
+		NexthopAFI: nexthop,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapExtendedNexthop struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+	Tuples []*CapExtendedNexthopTuple
+}
+
+func (c *CapExtendedNexthop) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < 6 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all CapabilityExtendedNexthop bytes available")
+	}
+	c.Tuples = []*CapExtendedNexthopTuple{}
+	for len(data) >= 6 {
+		t := &CapExtendedNexthopTuple{
+			binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]),
+			binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]),
+			binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6]),
+		}
+		c.Tuples = append(c.Tuples, t)
+		data = data[6:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *CapExtendedNexthop) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, len(c.Tuples)*6)
+	for i, t := range c.Tuples {
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[i*6:i*6+2], t.NLRIAFI)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[i*6+2:i*6+4], t.NLRISAFI)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[i*6+4:i*6+6], t.NexthopAFI)
+	}
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.CapValue = buf
+	return c.DefaultParameterCapability.Serialize()
+}
+
+func (c *CapExtendedNexthop) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Code   BGPCapabilityCode          `json:"code"`
+		Tuples []*CapExtendedNexthopTuple `json:"tuples"`
+	}{
+		Code:   c.Code(),
+		Tuples: c.Tuples,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapExtendedNexthop(tuples []*CapExtendedNexthopTuple) *CapExtendedNexthop {
+	return &CapExtendedNexthop{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_EXTENDED_NEXTHOP,
+		},
+		tuples,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapGracefulRestartTuple struct {
+	AFI   uint16
+	SAFI  uint8
+	Flags uint8
+}
+
+func (c *CapGracefulRestartTuple) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RouteFamily RouteFamily `json:"route_family"`
+		Flags       uint8       `json:"flags"`
+	}{
+		RouteFamily: AfiSafiToRouteFamily(c.AFI, c.SAFI),
+		Flags:       c.Flags,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapGracefulRestartTuple(rf RouteFamily, forward bool) *CapGracefulRestartTuple {
+	afi, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(rf)
+	flags := 0
+	if forward {
+		flags = 0x80
+	}
+	return &CapGracefulRestartTuple{
+		AFI:   afi,
+		SAFI:  safi,
+		Flags: uint8(flags),
+	}
+}
+
+type CapGracefulRestart struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+	Flags  uint8
+	Time   uint16
+	Tuples []*CapGracefulRestartTuple
+}
+
+func (c *CapGracefulRestart) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all CapabilityGracefulRestart bytes available")
+	}
+	restart := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	c.Flags = uint8(restart >> 12)
+	c.Time = restart & 0xfff
+	data = data[2:]
+
+	valueLen := int(c.CapLen) - 2
+
+	if valueLen >= 4 && len(data) >= valueLen {
+		c.Tuples = make([]*CapGracefulRestartTuple, 0, valueLen/4)
+
+		for i := valueLen; i >= 4; i -= 4 {
+			t := &CapGracefulRestartTuple{binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]),
+				data[2], data[3]}
+			c.Tuples = append(c.Tuples, t)
+			data = data[4:]
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *CapGracefulRestart) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:], uint16(c.Flags)<<12|c.Time)
+	for _, t := range c.Tuples {
+		tbuf := make([]byte, 4)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(tbuf[0:2], t.AFI)
+		tbuf[2] = t.SAFI
+		tbuf[3] = t.Flags
+		buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	}
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.CapValue = buf
+	return c.DefaultParameterCapability.Serialize()
+}
+
+func (c *CapGracefulRestart) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Code   BGPCapabilityCode          `json:"code"`
+		Flags  uint8                      `json:"flags"`
+		Time   uint16                     `json:"time"`
+		Tuples []*CapGracefulRestartTuple `json:"tuples"`
+	}{
+		Code:   c.Code(),
+		Flags:  c.Flags,
+		Time:   c.Time,
+		Tuples: c.Tuples,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapGracefulRestart(restarting, notification bool, time uint16, tuples []*CapGracefulRestartTuple) *CapGracefulRestart {
+	flags := 0
+	if restarting {
+		flags = 0x08
+	}
+	if notification {
+		flags |= 0x04
+	}
+	return &CapGracefulRestart{
+		DefaultParameterCapability: DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_GRACEFUL_RESTART,
+		},
+		Flags:  uint8(flags),
+		Time:   time,
+		Tuples: tuples,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapFourOctetASNumber struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+	CapValue uint32
+}
+
+func (c *CapFourOctetASNumber) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all CapabilityFourOctetASNumber bytes available")
+	}
+	c.CapValue = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *CapFourOctetASNumber) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, c.CapValue)
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.CapValue = buf
+	return c.DefaultParameterCapability.Serialize()
+}
+
+func (c *CapFourOctetASNumber) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Code  BGPCapabilityCode `json:"code"`
+		Value uint32            `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Code:  c.Code(),
+		Value: c.CapValue,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapFourOctetASNumber(asnum uint32) *CapFourOctetASNumber {
+	return &CapFourOctetASNumber{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_FOUR_OCTET_AS_NUMBER,
+		},
+		asnum,
+	}
+}
+
+type BGPAddPathMode uint8
+
+const (
+	BGP_ADD_PATH_NONE BGPAddPathMode = iota
+	BGP_ADD_PATH_RECEIVE
+	BGP_ADD_PATH_SEND
+	BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH
+)
+
+func (m BGPAddPathMode) String() string {
+	switch m {
+	case BGP_ADD_PATH_NONE:
+		return "none"
+	case BGP_ADD_PATH_RECEIVE:
+		return "receive"
+	case BGP_ADD_PATH_SEND:
+		return "send"
+	case BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH:
+		return "receive/send"
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("unknown(%d)", m)
+	}
+}
+
+type CapAddPathTuple struct {
+	RouteFamily RouteFamily
+	Mode        BGPAddPathMode
+}
+
+func (t *CapAddPathTuple) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RouteFamily RouteFamily `json:"family"`
+		Mode        uint8       `json:"mode"`
+	}{
+		RouteFamily: t.RouteFamily,
+		Mode:        uint8(t.Mode),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapAddPathTuple(family RouteFamily, mode BGPAddPathMode) *CapAddPathTuple {
+	return &CapAddPathTuple{
+		RouteFamily: family,
+		Mode:        mode,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapAddPath struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+	Tuples []*CapAddPathTuple
+}
+
+func (c *CapAddPath) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all CapabilityAddPath bytes available")
+	}
+	c.Tuples = []*CapAddPathTuple{}
+	for len(data) >= 4 {
+		t := &CapAddPathTuple{
+			RouteFamily: AfiSafiToRouteFamily(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2]), data[2]),
+			Mode:        BGPAddPathMode(data[3]),
+		}
+		c.Tuples = append(c.Tuples, t)
+		data = data[4:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *CapAddPath) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, len(c.Tuples)*4)
+	for i, t := range c.Tuples {
+		afi, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(t.RouteFamily)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[i*4:i*4+2], afi)
+		buf[i*4+2] = safi
+		buf[i*4+3] = byte(t.Mode)
+	}
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.CapValue = buf
+	return c.DefaultParameterCapability.Serialize()
+}
+
+func (c *CapAddPath) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Code   BGPCapabilityCode  `json:"code"`
+		Tuples []*CapAddPathTuple `json:"tuples"`
+	}{
+		Code:   c.Code(),
+		Tuples: c.Tuples,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapAddPath(tuples []*CapAddPathTuple) *CapAddPath {
+	return &CapAddPath{
+		DefaultParameterCapability: DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_ADD_PATH,
+		},
+		Tuples: tuples,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapEnhancedRouteRefresh struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+}
+
+func NewCapEnhancedRouteRefresh() *CapEnhancedRouteRefresh {
+	return &CapEnhancedRouteRefresh{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_ENHANCED_ROUTE_REFRESH,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type CapRouteRefreshCisco struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+}
+
+func NewCapRouteRefreshCisco() *CapRouteRefreshCisco {
+	return &CapRouteRefreshCisco{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH_CISCO,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple struct {
+	AFI         uint16
+	SAFI        uint8
+	Flags       uint8
+	RestartTime uint32
+}
+
+func (c *CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RouteFamily RouteFamily `json:"route_family"`
+		Flags       uint8       `json:"flags"`
+		RestartTime uint32      `json:"restart_time"`
+	}{
+		RouteFamily: AfiSafiToRouteFamily(c.AFI, c.SAFI),
+		Flags:       c.Flags,
+		RestartTime: c.RestartTime,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple(rf RouteFamily, forward bool, restartTime uint32) *CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple {
+	afi, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(rf)
+	flags := 0
+	if forward {
+		flags = 0x80
+	}
+	return &CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple{
+		AFI:         afi,
+		SAFI:        safi,
+		Flags:       uint8(flags),
+		RestartTime: restartTime,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapLongLivedGracefulRestart struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+	Tuples []*CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple
+}
+
+func (c *CapLongLivedGracefulRestart) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[2:]
+
+	valueLen := int(c.CapLen)
+	if valueLen%7 != 0 || len(data) < valueLen {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "invalid length of long lived graceful restart capablity")
+	}
+	for i := valueLen; i >= 7; i -= 7 {
+		t := &CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple{
+			binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data),
+			data[2],
+			data[3],
+			uint32(data[4])<<16 | uint32(data[5])<<8 | uint32(data[6]),
+		}
+		c.Tuples = append(c.Tuples, t)
+		data = data[7:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *CapLongLivedGracefulRestart) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 7*len(c.Tuples))
+	for idx, t := range c.Tuples {
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[idx*7:], t.AFI)
+		buf[idx*7+2] = t.SAFI
+		buf[idx*7+3] = t.Flags
+		buf[idx*7+4] = uint8((t.RestartTime >> 16) & 0xff)
+		buf[idx*7+5] = uint8((t.RestartTime >> 8) & 0xff)
+		buf[idx*7+6] = uint8(t.RestartTime & 0xff)
+	}
+	c.DefaultParameterCapability.CapValue = buf
+	return c.DefaultParameterCapability.Serialize()
+}
+
+func (c *CapLongLivedGracefulRestart) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Code   BGPCapabilityCode                   `json:"code"`
+		Tuples []*CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple `json:"tuples"`
+	}{
+		Code:   c.Code(),
+		Tuples: c.Tuples,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewCapLongLivedGracefulRestart(tuples []*CapLongLivedGracefulRestartTuple) *CapLongLivedGracefulRestart {
+	return &CapLongLivedGracefulRestart{
+		DefaultParameterCapability: DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode: BGP_CAP_LONG_LIVED_GRACEFUL_RESTART,
+		},
+		Tuples: tuples,
+	}
+}
+
+type CapUnknown struct {
+	DefaultParameterCapability
+}
+
+func NewCapUnknown(code BGPCapabilityCode, value []byte) *CapUnknown {
+	return &CapUnknown{
+		DefaultParameterCapability{
+			CapCode:  code,
+			CapValue: value,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func DecodeCapability(data []byte) (ParameterCapabilityInterface, error) {
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY, nil, "Not all ParameterCapability bytes available")
+	}
+	var c ParameterCapabilityInterface
+	switch BGPCapabilityCode(data[0]) {
+	case BGP_CAP_MULTIPROTOCOL:
+		c = &CapMultiProtocol{}
+	case BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
+		c = &CapRouteRefresh{}
+	case BGP_CAP_CARRYING_LABEL_INFO:
+		c = &CapCarryingLabelInfo{}
+	case BGP_CAP_EXTENDED_NEXTHOP:
+		c = &CapExtendedNexthop{}
+	case BGP_CAP_GRACEFUL_RESTART:
+		c = &CapGracefulRestart{}
+	case BGP_CAP_FOUR_OCTET_AS_NUMBER:
+		c = &CapFourOctetASNumber{}
+	case BGP_CAP_ADD_PATH:
+		c = &CapAddPath{}
+	case BGP_CAP_ENHANCED_ROUTE_REFRESH:
+		c = &CapEnhancedRouteRefresh{}
+	case BGP_CAP_ROUTE_REFRESH_CISCO:
+		c = &CapRouteRefreshCisco{}
+	case BGP_CAP_LONG_LIVED_GRACEFUL_RESTART:
+		c = &CapLongLivedGracefulRestart{}
+	default:
+		c = &CapUnknown{}
+	}
+	err := c.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	return c, err
+}
+
+type OptionParameterInterface interface {
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type OptionParameterCapability struct {
+	ParamType  uint8
+	ParamLen   uint8
+	Capability []ParameterCapabilityInterface
+}
+
+func (o *OptionParameterCapability) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	if uint8(len(data)) < o.ParamLen {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_OPTIONAL_PARAMETER, nil, "Not all OptionParameterCapability bytes available")
+	}
+	for len(data) >= 2 {
+		c, err := DecodeCapability(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		o.Capability = append(o.Capability, c)
+		data = data[c.Len():]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (o *OptionParameterCapability) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	buf[0] = o.ParamType
+	for _, p := range o.Capability {
+		pbuf, err := p.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	}
+	o.ParamLen = uint8(len(buf) - 2)
+	buf[1] = o.ParamLen
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewOptionParameterCapability(capability []ParameterCapabilityInterface) *OptionParameterCapability {
+	return &OptionParameterCapability{
+		ParamType:  BGP_OPT_CAPABILITY,
+		Capability: capability,
+	}
+}
+
+type OptionParameterUnknown struct {
+	ParamType uint8
+	ParamLen  uint8
+	Value     []byte
+}
+
+func (o *OptionParameterUnknown) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	buf[0] = o.ParamType
+	if o.ParamLen == 0 {
+		o.ParamLen = uint8(len(o.Value))
+	}
+	buf[1] = o.ParamLen
+	return append(buf, o.Value...), nil
+}
+
+type BGPOpen struct {
+	Version     uint8
+	MyAS        uint16
+	HoldTime    uint16
+	ID          net.IP
+	OptParamLen uint8
+	OptParams   []OptionParameterInterface
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPOpen) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if len(data) < 10 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Not all BGP Open message bytes available")
+	}
+	msg.Version = data[0]
+	msg.MyAS = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
+	msg.HoldTime = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[3:5])
+	msg.ID = net.IP(data[5:9]).To4()
+	msg.OptParamLen = data[9]
+	data = data[10:]
+	if len(data) < int(msg.OptParamLen) {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Not all BGP Open message bytes available")
+	}
+
+	msg.OptParams = []OptionParameterInterface{}
+	for rest := msg.OptParamLen; rest > 0; {
+		if rest < 2 {
+			return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Malformed BGP Open message")
+		}
+		paramtype := data[0]
+		paramlen := data[1]
+		if rest < paramlen+2 {
+			return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Malformed BGP Open message")
+		}
+		rest -= paramlen + 2
+
+		if paramtype == BGP_OPT_CAPABILITY {
+			p := &OptionParameterCapability{}
+			p.ParamType = paramtype
+			p.ParamLen = paramlen
+			p.DecodeFromBytes(data[2 : 2+paramlen])
+			msg.OptParams = append(msg.OptParams, p)
+		} else {
+			p := &OptionParameterUnknown{}
+			p.ParamType = paramtype
+			p.ParamLen = paramlen
+			p.Value = data[2 : 2+paramlen]
+			msg.OptParams = append(msg.OptParams, p)
+		}
+		data = data[2+paramlen:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPOpen) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 10)
+	buf[0] = msg.Version
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:3], msg.MyAS)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[3:5], msg.HoldTime)
+	copy(buf[5:9], msg.ID.To4())
+	pbuf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, p := range msg.OptParams {
+		onepbuf, err := p.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		pbuf = append(pbuf, onepbuf...)
+	}
+	msg.OptParamLen = uint8(len(pbuf))
+	buf[9] = msg.OptParamLen
+	return append(buf, pbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func NewBGPOpenMessage(myas uint16, holdtime uint16, id string, optparams []OptionParameterInterface) *BGPMessage {
+	return &BGPMessage{
+		Header: BGPHeader{Type: BGP_MSG_OPEN},
+		Body:   &BGPOpen{4, myas, holdtime, net.ParseIP(id).To4(), 0, optparams},
+	}
+}
+
+type AddrPrefixInterface interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte, ...*MarshallingOption) error
+	Serialize(...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error)
+	AFI() uint16
+	SAFI() uint8
+	Len(...*MarshallingOption) int
+	String() string
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+	// Create a flat map to describe attributes and their
+	// values. This can be used to create structured outputs.
+	Flat() map[string]string
+	PathIdentifier() uint32
+	SetPathIdentifier(uint32)
+	PathLocalIdentifier() uint32
+	SetPathLocalIdentifier(uint32)
+}
+
+func LabelString(nlri AddrPrefixInterface) string {
+	label := ""
+	switch n := nlri.(type) {
+	case *LabeledIPAddrPrefix:
+		label = n.Labels.String()
+	case *LabeledIPv6AddrPrefix:
+		label = n.Labels.String()
+	case *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix:
+		label = n.Labels.String()
+	case *LabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix:
+		label = n.Labels.String()
+	case *EVPNNLRI:
+		switch route := n.RouteTypeData.(type) {
+		case *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute:
+			label = fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", route.Label)
+		case *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute:
+			var l []string
+			for _, i := range route.Labels {
+				l = append(l, strconv.Itoa(int(i)))
+			}
+			label = fmt.Sprintf("[%s]", strings.Join(l, ","))
+		case *EVPNIPPrefixRoute:
+			label = fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", route.Label)
+		}
+	}
+	return label
+}
+
+type PrefixDefault struct {
+	id      uint32
+	localId uint32
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixDefault) PathIdentifier() uint32 {
+	return p.id
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixDefault) SetPathIdentifier(id uint32) {
+	p.id = id
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixDefault) PathLocalIdentifier() uint32 {
+	return p.localId
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixDefault) SetPathLocalIdentifier(id uint32) {
+	p.localId = id
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixDefault) decodePathIdentifier(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		code := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		subcode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return nil, NewMessageError(code, subcode, nil, "prefix misses path identifier field")
+	}
+	p.SetPathIdentifier(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4]))
+	return data[4:], nil
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixDefault) serializeIdentifier() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, p.PathLocalIdentifier())
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type IPAddrPrefixDefault struct {
+	PrefixDefault
+	Length uint8
+	Prefix net.IP
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefixDefault) decodePrefix(data []byte, bitlen uint8, addrlen uint8) error {
+	bytelen := (int(bitlen) + 7) / 8
+	if len(data) < bytelen {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "network bytes is short")
+	}
+	b := make([]byte, addrlen)
+	copy(b, data[:bytelen])
+	// clear trailing bits in the last byte. rfc doesn't require
+	// this but some bgp implementations need this...
+	rem := bitlen % 8
+	if rem != 0 {
+		mask := 0xff00 >> rem
+		lastByte := b[bytelen-1] & byte(mask)
+		b[bytelen-1] = lastByte
+	}
+	r.Prefix = b
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefixDefault) serializePrefix(bitLen uint8) ([]byte, error) {
+	byteLen := (int(bitLen) + 7) / 8
+	buf := make([]byte, byteLen)
+	copy(buf, r.Prefix)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefixDefault) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", r.Prefix.String(), r.Length)
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefixDefault) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Prefix string `json:"prefix"`
+	}{
+		Prefix: r.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+type IPAddrPrefix struct {
+	IPAddrPrefixDefault
+	addrlen uint8
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefix) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if r.addrlen == 0 {
+		r.addrlen = 4
+	}
+	f := RF_IPv4_UC
+	if r.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_UC
+	}
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = r.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(data) < 1 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "prefix misses length field")
+	}
+	r.Length = data[0]
+	return r.decodePrefix(data[1:], r.Length, r.addrlen)
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefix) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	f := RF_IPv4_UC
+	if r.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_UC
+	}
+	var buf []byte
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		buf, err = r.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, r.Length)
+	pbuf, err := r.serializePrefix(r.Length)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, pbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefix) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefix) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_UNICAST
+}
+
+func (r *IPAddrPrefix) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return 1 + ((int(r.Length) + 7) / 8)
+}
+
+func NewIPAddrPrefix(length uint8, prefix string) *IPAddrPrefix {
+	p := &IPAddrPrefix{
+		IPAddrPrefixDefault{
+			Length: length,
+		},
+		4,
+	}
+	p.IPAddrPrefixDefault.decodePrefix(net.ParseIP(prefix).To4(), length, 4)
+	return p
+}
+
+func isIPv4MappedIPv6(ip net.IP) bool {
+	return len(ip) == net.IPv6len && ip.To4() != nil
+}
+
+type IPv6AddrPrefix struct {
+	IPAddrPrefix
+}
+
+func (r *IPv6AddrPrefix) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP6
+}
+
+func (r *IPv6AddrPrefix) String() string {
+	prefix := r.Prefix.String()
+	if isIPv4MappedIPv6(r.Prefix) {
+		prefix = "::ffff:" + prefix
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", prefix, r.Length)
+}
+
+func NewIPv6AddrPrefix(length uint8, prefix string) *IPv6AddrPrefix {
+	p := &IPv6AddrPrefix{
+		IPAddrPrefix{
+			IPAddrPrefixDefault{
+				Length: length,
+			},
+			16,
+		},
+	}
+	p.IPAddrPrefixDefault.decodePrefix(net.ParseIP(prefix), length, 16)
+	return p
+}
+
+const (
+	BGP_RD_TWO_OCTET_AS = iota
+	BGP_RD_IPV4_ADDRESS
+	BGP_RD_FOUR_OCTET_AS
+)
+
+type RouteDistinguisherInterface interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	Len() int
+	String() string
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type DefaultRouteDistinguisher struct {
+	Type uint16
+}
+
+func (rd *DefaultRouteDistinguisher) serialize(value []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, rd.Type)
+	copy(buf[2:], value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (rd *DefaultRouteDistinguisher) Len() int {
+	return 8
+}
+
+type RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS struct {
+	DefaultRouteDistinguisher
+	Admin    uint16
+	Assigned uint32
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	rd.Admin = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	rd.Assigned = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[2:6])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 6)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], rd.Admin)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[2:6], rd.Assigned)
+	return rd.serialize(buf)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", rd.Admin, rd.Assigned)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type     uint16 `json:"type"`
+		Admin    uint16 `json:"admin"`
+		Assigned uint32 `json:"assigned"`
+	}{
+		Type:     rd.Type,
+		Admin:    rd.Admin,
+		Assigned: rd.Assigned,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewRouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS(admin uint16, assigned uint32) *RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS {
+	return &RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS{
+		DefaultRouteDistinguisher: DefaultRouteDistinguisher{
+			Type: BGP_RD_TWO_OCTET_AS,
+		},
+		Admin:    admin,
+		Assigned: assigned,
+	}
+}
+
+type RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS struct {
+	DefaultRouteDistinguisher
+	Admin    net.IP
+	Assigned uint16
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	rd.Admin = data[0:4]
+	rd.Assigned = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 6)
+	copy(buf[0:4], rd.Admin.To4())
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], rd.Assigned)
+	return rd.serialize(buf)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", rd.Admin.String(), rd.Assigned)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type     uint16 `json:"type"`
+		Admin    string `json:"admin"`
+		Assigned uint16 `json:"assigned"`
+	}{
+		Type:     rd.Type,
+		Admin:    rd.Admin.String(),
+		Assigned: rd.Assigned,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewRouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS(admin string, assigned uint16) *RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS {
+	return &RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS{
+		DefaultRouteDistinguisher: DefaultRouteDistinguisher{
+			Type: BGP_RD_IPV4_ADDRESS,
+		},
+		Admin:    net.ParseIP(admin).To4(),
+		Assigned: assigned,
+	}
+}
+
+type RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS struct {
+	DefaultRouteDistinguisher
+	Admin    uint32
+	Assigned uint16
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	rd.Admin = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	rd.Assigned = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 6)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[0:4], rd.Admin)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], rd.Assigned)
+	return rd.serialize(buf)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS) String() string {
+	fst := rd.Admin >> 16 & 0xffff
+	snd := rd.Admin & 0xffff
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d.%d:%d", fst, snd, rd.Assigned)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type     uint16 `json:"type"`
+		Admin    uint32 `json:"admin"`
+		Assigned uint16 `json:"assigned"`
+	}{
+		Type:     rd.Type,
+		Admin:    rd.Admin,
+		Assigned: rd.Assigned,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(admin uint32, assigned uint16) *RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS {
+	return &RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS{
+		DefaultRouteDistinguisher: DefaultRouteDistinguisher{
+			Type: BGP_RD_FOUR_OCTET_AS,
+		},
+		Admin:    admin,
+		Assigned: assigned,
+	}
+}
+
+type RouteDistinguisherUnknown struct {
+	DefaultRouteDistinguisher
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherUnknown) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	rd.Value = data[0:6]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherUnknown) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	return rd.DefaultRouteDistinguisher.serialize(rd.Value)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherUnknown) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%v", rd.Value)
+}
+
+func (rd *RouteDistinguisherUnknown) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  uint16 `json:"type"`
+		Value []byte `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  rd.Type,
+		Value: rd.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func GetRouteDistinguisher(data []byte) RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	typ := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	switch typ {
+	case BGP_RD_TWO_OCTET_AS:
+		return NewRouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]), binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8]))
+	case BGP_RD_IPV4_ADDRESS:
+		return NewRouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS(net.IP(data[2:6]).String(), binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8]))
+	case BGP_RD_FOUR_OCTET_AS:
+		return NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[2:6]), binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8]))
+	}
+	rd := &RouteDistinguisherUnknown{
+		DefaultRouteDistinguisher: DefaultRouteDistinguisher{
+			Type: typ,
+		},
+	}
+	return rd
+}
+
+func parseRdAndRt(input string) ([]string, error) {
+	elems := _regexpRouteDistinguisher.FindStringSubmatch(input)
+	if len(elems) != 11 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse")
+	}
+	return elems, nil
+}
+
+func ParseRouteDistinguisher(rd string) (RouteDistinguisherInterface, error) {
+	elems, err := parseRdAndRt(rd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	assigned, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[10], 10, 32)
+	ip := net.ParseIP(elems[1])
+	switch {
+	case ip.To4() != nil:
+		return NewRouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS(elems[1], uint16(assigned)), nil
+	case elems[6] == "" && elems[7] == "":
+		asn, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[8], 10, 16)
+		return NewRouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS(uint16(asn), uint32(assigned)), nil
+	default:
+		fst, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[7], 10, 16)
+		snd, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[8], 10, 16)
+		asn := fst<<16 | snd
+		return NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(uint32(asn), uint16(assigned)), nil
+	}
+}
+
+//
+// RFC3107 Carrying Label Information in BGP-4
+//
+// 3. Carrying Label Mapping Information
+//
+// b) Label:
+//
+// The Label field carries one or more labels (that corresponds to
+// the stack of labels [MPLS-ENCAPS(RFC3032)]). Each label is encoded as
+// 4 octets, where the high-order 20 bits contain the label value, and
+// the low order bit contains "Bottom of Stack"
+//
+// RFC3032 MPLS Label Stack Encoding
+//
+// 2.1. Encoding the Label Stack
+//
+//  0       1       2               3
+//  0 ... 9 0 ... 9 0 1 2 3 4 ... 9 0 1
+// +-----+-+-+---+-+-+-+-+-+-----+-+-+-+
+// |     Label     | Exp |S|    TTL    |
+// +-----+-+-+---+-+-+-+-+-+-----+-+-+-+
+//
+
+// RFC3107 Carrying Label Information in BGP-4
+//
+// 3. Carrying Label Mapping Information
+//
+// The label information carried (as part of NLRI) in the Withdrawn
+// Routes field should be set to 0x800000.
+const WITHDRAW_LABEL = uint32(0x800000)
+const ZERO_LABEL = uint32(0) // some platform uses this as withdraw label
+
+type MPLSLabelStack struct {
+	Labels []uint32
+}
+
+func (l *MPLSLabelStack) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	labels := []uint32{}
+	foundBottom := false
+	for len(data) >= 3 {
+		label := uint32(data[0])<<16 | uint32(data[1])<<8 | uint32(data[2])
+		if label == WITHDRAW_LABEL || label == ZERO_LABEL {
+			l.Labels = []uint32{label}
+			return nil
+		}
+		data = data[3:]
+		labels = append(labels, label>>4)
+		if label&1 == 1 {
+			foundBottom = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !foundBottom {
+		l.Labels = []uint32{}
+		return nil
+	}
+	l.Labels = labels
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (l *MPLSLabelStack) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, len(l.Labels)*3)
+	for i, label := range l.Labels {
+		if label == WITHDRAW_LABEL {
+			return []byte{128, 0, 0}, nil
+		}
+		label = label << 4
+		buf[i*3] = byte((label >> 16) & 0xff)
+		buf[i*3+1] = byte((label >> 8) & 0xff)
+		buf[i*3+2] = byte(label & 0xff)
+	}
+	buf[len(buf)-1] |= 1
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (l *MPLSLabelStack) Len() int { return 3 * len(l.Labels) }
+
+func (l *MPLSLabelStack) String() string {
+	if len(l.Labels) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	s := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 64))
+	s.WriteString("[")
+	ss := make([]string, 0, len(l.Labels))
+	for _, label := range l.Labels {
+		ss = append(ss, fmt.Sprintf("%d", label))
+	}
+	s.WriteString(strings.Join(ss, ", "))
+	s.WriteString("]")
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+func NewMPLSLabelStack(labels ...uint32) *MPLSLabelStack {
+	if len(labels) == 0 {
+		labels = []uint32{0}
+	}
+	return &MPLSLabelStack{labels}
+}
+
+func ParseMPLSLabelStack(buf string) (*MPLSLabelStack, error) {
+	elems := strings.Split(buf, "/")
+	labels := make([]uint32, 0, len(elems))
+	if len(elems) == 0 {
+		goto ERR
+	}
+	for _, elem := range elems {
+		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(elem, 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			goto ERR
+		}
+		if i > ((1 << 20) - 1) {
+			goto ERR
+		}
+		labels = append(labels, uint32(i))
+	}
+	return NewMPLSLabelStack(labels...), nil
+ERR:
+	return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "invalid mpls label stack format")
+}
+
+//
+// RFC3107 Carrying Label Information in BGP-4
+//
+// 3. Carrying Label Mapping Information
+//
+// +----------------------+
+// |   Length (1 octet)   |
+// +----------------------+
+// |   Label (3 octets)   |
+// +----------------------+
+// .......................
+// +----------------------+
+// |   Prefix (variable)  |
+// +----------------------+
+//
+// RFC4364 BGP/MPLS IP VPNs
+//
+// 4.3.4. How VPN-IPv4 NLRI Is Carried in BGP
+//
+// The labeled VPN-IPv4 NLRI itself is encoded as specified in
+// [MPLS-BGP(RFC3107)], where the prefix consists of an 8-byte RD
+// followed by an IPv4 prefix.
+//
+
+type LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix struct {
+	IPAddrPrefixDefault
+	Labels  MPLSLabelStack
+	RD      RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	addrlen uint8
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	f := RF_IPv4_VPN
+	if l.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_VPN
+	}
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = l.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(data) < 1 {
+		return NewMessageError(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST), nil, "prefix misses length field")
+	}
+	l.Length = uint8(data[0])
+	data = data[1:]
+	l.Labels.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if int(l.Length)-8*(l.Labels.Len()) < 0 {
+		l.Labels.Labels = []uint32{}
+	}
+	data = data[l.Labels.Len():]
+	l.RD = GetRouteDistinguisher(data)
+	data = data[l.RD.Len():]
+	restbits := int(l.Length) - 8*(l.Labels.Len()+l.RD.Len())
+	return l.decodePrefix(data, uint8(restbits), l.addrlen)
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	f := RF_IPv4_VPN
+	if l.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_VPN
+	}
+	var buf []byte
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		buf, err = l.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, l.Length)
+	lbuf, err := l.Labels.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, lbuf...)
+	rbuf, err := l.RD.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, rbuf...)
+	restbits := int(l.Length) - 8*(l.Labels.Len()+l.RD.Len())
+	pbuf, err := l.serializePrefix(uint8(restbits))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_MPLS_VPN
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) IPPrefixLen() uint8 {
+	return l.Length - 8*uint8(l.Labels.Len()+l.RD.Len())
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return 1 + l.Labels.Len() + l.RD.Len() + int((l.IPPrefixLen()+7)/8)
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", l.RD, l.IPPrefix())
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) IPPrefix() string {
+	masklen := l.IPAddrPrefixDefault.Length - uint8(8*(l.Labels.Len()+l.RD.Len()))
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", l.IPAddrPrefixDefault.Prefix, masklen)
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	masklen := l.IPAddrPrefixDefault.Length - uint8(8*(l.Labels.Len()+l.RD.Len()))
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Prefix string                      `json:"prefix"`
+		Labels []uint32                    `json:"labels"`
+		RD     RouteDistinguisherInterface `json:"rd"`
+	}{
+		Prefix: fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", l.IPAddrPrefixDefault.Prefix, masklen),
+		Labels: l.Labels.Labels,
+		RD:     l.RD,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(length uint8, prefix string, label MPLSLabelStack, rd RouteDistinguisherInterface) *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix {
+	rdlen := 0
+	if rd != nil {
+		rdlen = rd.Len()
+	}
+	return &LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix{
+		IPAddrPrefixDefault{
+			Length: length + uint8(8*(label.Len()+rdlen)),
+			Prefix: net.ParseIP(prefix).To4(),
+		},
+		label,
+		rd,
+		4,
+	}
+}
+
+type LabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix struct {
+	LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP6
+}
+
+func NewLabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix(length uint8, prefix string, label MPLSLabelStack, rd RouteDistinguisherInterface) *LabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix {
+	rdlen := 0
+	if rd != nil {
+		rdlen = rd.Len()
+	}
+	return &LabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix{
+		LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix{
+			IPAddrPrefixDefault{
+				Length: length + uint8(8*(label.Len()+rdlen)),
+				Prefix: net.ParseIP(prefix),
+			},
+			label,
+			rd,
+			16,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type LabeledIPAddrPrefix struct {
+	IPAddrPrefixDefault
+	Labels  MPLSLabelStack
+	addrlen uint8
+}
+
+func (r *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP
+}
+
+func (r *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_MPLS_LABEL
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) IPPrefixLen() uint8 {
+	return l.Length - 8*uint8(l.Labels.Len())
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return 1 + l.Labels.Len() + int((l.IPPrefixLen()+7)/8)
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	f := RF_IPv4_MPLS
+	if l.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_MPLS
+	}
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = l.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	l.Length = uint8(data[0])
+	data = data[1:]
+	l.Labels.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+
+	if int(l.Length)-8*(l.Labels.Len()) < 0 {
+		l.Labels.Labels = []uint32{}
+	}
+	restbits := int(l.Length) - 8*(l.Labels.Len())
+	data = data[l.Labels.Len():]
+	return l.decodePrefix(data, uint8(restbits), l.addrlen)
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	f := RF_IPv4_MPLS
+	if l.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_MPLS
+	}
+	var buf []byte
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		buf, err = l.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, l.Length)
+	restbits := int(l.Length) - 8*(l.Labels.Len())
+	lbuf, err := l.Labels.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, lbuf...)
+	pbuf, err := l.serializePrefix(uint8(restbits))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) String() string {
+	prefix := l.Prefix.String()
+	if isIPv4MappedIPv6(l.Prefix) {
+		prefix = "::ffff:" + prefix
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", prefix, int(l.Length)-l.Labels.Len()*8)
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPAddrPrefix) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Prefix string   `json:"prefix"`
+		Labels []uint32 `json:"labels"`
+	}{
+		Prefix: l.String(),
+		Labels: l.Labels.Labels,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewLabeledIPAddrPrefix(length uint8, prefix string, label MPLSLabelStack) *LabeledIPAddrPrefix {
+	return &LabeledIPAddrPrefix{
+		IPAddrPrefixDefault{
+			Length: length + uint8(label.Len()*8),
+			Prefix: net.ParseIP(prefix).To4(),
+		},
+		label,
+		4,
+	}
+}
+
+type LabeledIPv6AddrPrefix struct {
+	LabeledIPAddrPrefix
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledIPv6AddrPrefix) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP6
+}
+
+func NewLabeledIPv6AddrPrefix(length uint8, prefix string, label MPLSLabelStack) *LabeledIPv6AddrPrefix {
+	return &LabeledIPv6AddrPrefix{
+		LabeledIPAddrPrefix{
+			IPAddrPrefixDefault{
+				Length: length + uint8(label.Len()*8),
+				Prefix: net.ParseIP(prefix),
+			},
+			label,
+			16,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type RouteTargetMembershipNLRI struct {
+	PrefixDefault
+	Length      uint8
+	AS          uint32
+	RouteTarget ExtendedCommunityInterface
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, RF_RTC_UC, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = n.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(data) < 1 {
+		return NewMessageError(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST), nil, "prefix misses length field")
+	}
+	n.Length = data[0]
+	data = data[1 : n.Length/8+1]
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	} else if len(data) != 12 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all RouteTargetMembershipNLRI bytes available")
+	}
+	n.AS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	rt, err := ParseExtended(data[4:])
+	n.RouteTarget = rt
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, RF_RTC_UC, options) {
+		var err error
+		buf, err = n.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if n.RouteTarget == nil {
+		return append(buf, 0), nil
+	}
+	offset := len(buf)
+	buf = append(buf, make([]byte, 5)...)
+	buf[offset] = 96
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[offset+1:], n.AS)
+	ebuf, err := n.RouteTarget.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, ebuf...), nil
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_ROUTE_TARGET_CONSTRAINTS
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	if n.AS == 0 && n.RouteTarget == nil {
+		return 1
+	}
+	return 13
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) String() string {
+	target := "default"
+	if n.RouteTarget != nil {
+		target = n.RouteTarget.String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", n.AS, target)
+}
+
+func (n *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Prefix string `json:"prefix"`
+	}{
+		Prefix: n.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewRouteTargetMembershipNLRI(as uint32, target ExtendedCommunityInterface) *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI {
+	l := 12 * 8
+	if as == 0 && target == nil {
+		l = 1
+	}
+	return &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{
+		Length:      uint8(l),
+		AS:          as,
+		RouteTarget: target,
+	}
+}
+
+type ESIType uint8
+
+const (
+	ESI_ARBITRARY ESIType = iota
+	ESI_LACP
+	ESI_MSTP
+	ESI_MAC
+	ESI_ROUTERID
+	ESI_AS
+)
+
+type EthernetSegmentIdentifier struct {
+	Type  ESIType
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (esi *EthernetSegmentIdentifier) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	esi.Type = ESIType(data[0])
+	esi.Value = data[1:10]
+	switch esi.Type {
+	case ESI_LACP, ESI_MSTP, ESI_ROUTERID, ESI_AS:
+		if esi.Value[8] != 0x00 {
+			return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("invalid %s. last octet must be 0x00 (0x%02x)", esi.Type.String(), esi.Value[8]))
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (esi *EthernetSegmentIdentifier) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 10)
+	buf[0] = uint8(esi.Type)
+	copy(buf[1:], esi.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func isZeroBuf(buf []byte) bool {
+	for _, b := range buf {
+		if b != 0 {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func (esi *EthernetSegmentIdentifier) String() string {
+	toHexArray := func(data []byte) string {
+		// Converts byte slice into the colon separated hex values and the
+		// number of elements are 9 at most (excluding Type field).
+		values := make([]string, 0, 9)
+		for _, v := range data {
+			values = append(values, fmt.Sprintf("%02x", v))
+		}
+		return strings.Join(values, ":")
+	}
+
+	s := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 64))
+	s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s | ", esi.Type.String()))
+	switch esi.Type {
+	case ESI_LACP:
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("system mac %s, ", net.HardwareAddr(esi.Value[:6]).String()))
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("port key %d", binary.BigEndian.Uint16(esi.Value[6:8])))
+	case ESI_MSTP:
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("bridge mac %s, ", net.HardwareAddr(esi.Value[:6]).String()))
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("priority %d", binary.BigEndian.Uint16(esi.Value[6:8])))
+	case ESI_MAC:
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("system mac %s, ", net.HardwareAddr(esi.Value[:6]).String()))
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("local discriminator %d", uint32(esi.Value[6])<<16|uint32(esi.Value[7])<<8|uint32(esi.Value[8])))
+	case ESI_ROUTERID:
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("router id %s, ", net.IP(esi.Value[:4])))
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("local discriminator %d", binary.BigEndian.Uint32(esi.Value[4:8])))
+	case ESI_AS:
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("as %d, ", binary.BigEndian.Uint32(esi.Value[:4])))
+		s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("local discriminator %d", binary.BigEndian.Uint32(esi.Value[4:8])))
+	case ESI_ARBITRARY:
+		if isZeroBuf(esi.Value) {
+			return "single-homed"
+		}
+		fallthrough
+	default:
+		s.WriteString(toHexArray(esi.Value))
+	}
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+// Decode Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI) from string slice.
+//
+// The first element of args should be the Type field (e.g., "ARBITRARY",
+// "arbitrary", "ESI_ARBITRARY" or "esi_arbitrary") and "single-homed" is
+// the special keyword for all zeroed ESI.
+// For the "ARBITRARY" Value field (Type 0), it should be the colon separated
+// hex values and the number of elements should be 9 at most.
+//   e.g.) args := []string{"ARBITRARY", "11:22:33:44:55:66:77:88:99"}
+// For the other types, the Value field format is the similar to the string
+// format of ESI.
+//   e.g.) args := []string{"lacp", "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff", "100"}
+func ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args []string) (EthernetSegmentIdentifier, error) {
+	esi := EthernetSegmentIdentifier{}
+	argLen := len(args)
+	if argLen == 0 || args[0] == "single-homed" {
+		return esi, nil
+	}
+
+	typeStr := strings.TrimPrefix(strings.ToUpper(args[0]), "ESI_")
+	switch typeStr {
+	case "ARBITRARY":
+		esi.Type = ESI_ARBITRARY
+	case "LACP":
+		esi.Type = ESI_LACP
+	case "MSTP":
+		esi.Type = ESI_MSTP
+	case "MAC":
+		esi.Type = ESI_MAC
+	case "ROUTERID":
+		esi.Type = ESI_ROUTERID
+	case "AS":
+		esi.Type = ESI_AS
+	default:
+		typ, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[0], 10, 8)
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, fmt.Errorf("invalid esi type: %s", args[0])
+		}
+		esi.Type = ESIType(typ)
+	}
+
+	invalidEsiValuesError := fmt.Errorf("invalid esi values for type %s: %s", esi.Type.String(), args[1:])
+	esi.Value = make([]byte, 9)
+	switch esi.Type {
+	case ESI_LACP:
+		fallthrough
+	case ESI_MSTP:
+		if argLen < 3 {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		// MAC
+		mac, err := net.ParseMAC(args[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		copy(esi.Value[0:6], mac)
+		// Port Key or Bridge Priority
+		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[2], 10, 16)
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(esi.Value[6:8], uint16(i))
+	case ESI_MAC:
+		if argLen < 3 {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		// MAC
+		mac, err := net.ParseMAC(args[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		copy(esi.Value[0:6], mac)
+		// Local Discriminator
+		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[2], 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		iBuf := make([]byte, 4)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(iBuf, uint32(i))
+		copy(esi.Value[6:9], iBuf[1:4])
+	case ESI_ROUTERID:
+		if argLen < 3 {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		// Router ID
+		ip := net.ParseIP(args[1])
+		if ip == nil || ip.To4() == nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		copy(esi.Value[0:4], ip.To4())
+		// Local Discriminator
+		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[2], 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(esi.Value[4:8], uint32(i))
+	case ESI_AS:
+		if argLen < 3 {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		// AS
+		as, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[1], 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(esi.Value[0:4], uint32(as))
+		// Local Discriminator
+		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[2], 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+		}
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(esi.Value[4:8], uint32(i))
+	case ESI_ARBITRARY:
+		fallthrough
+	default:
+		if argLen < 2 {
+			// Assumes the Value field is omitted
+			break
+		}
+		values := make([]byte, 0, 9)
+		for _, e := range strings.SplitN(args[1], ":", 9) {
+			v, err := strconv.ParseUint(e, 16, 16)
+			if err != nil {
+				return esi, invalidEsiValuesError
+			}
+			values = append(values, byte(v))
+		}
+		copy(esi.Value, values)
+	}
+
+	return esi, nil
+}
+
+//
+// I-D bess-evpn-overlay-01
+//
+// 5.1.3 Constructing EVPN BGP Routes
+//
+// For the balance of this memo, the MPLS label field will be
+// referred to as the VNI/VSID field. The VNI/VSID field is used for
+// both local and global VNIs/VSIDs, and for either case the entire 24-
+// bit field is used to encode the VNI/VSID value.
+//
+// We can't use type MPLSLabelStack for EVPN NLRI, because EVPN NLRI's MPLS
+// field can be filled with VXLAN VNI. In that case, we must avoid modifying
+// bottom of stack bit.
+//
+
+func labelDecode(data []byte) (uint32, error) {
+	if len(data) < 3 {
+		return 0, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all Label bytes available")
+	}
+	return uint32(data[0])<<16 | uint32(data[1])<<8 | uint32(data[2]), nil
+}
+
+func labelSerialize(label uint32) ([]byte, error) {
+	if label > 0xffffff {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Out of range Label: %d", label))
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, 3)
+	buf[0] = byte((label >> 16) & 0xff)
+	buf[1] = byte((label >> 8) & 0xff)
+	buf[2] = byte(label & 0xff)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute struct {
+	RD    RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	ESI   EthernetSegmentIdentifier
+	ETag  uint32
+	Label uint32
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute) Len() int {
+	// RD(8) + ESI(10) + ETag(4) + Label(3)
+	return 25
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	er.RD = GetRouteDistinguisher(data)
+	data = data[er.RD.Len():]
+	err := er.ESI.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	data = data[10:]
+	er.ETag = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	data = data[4:]
+	if er.Label, err = labelDecode(data); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	var err error
+	if er.RD != nil {
+		buf, err = er.RD.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		buf = make([]byte, 8)
+	}
+	tbuf, err := er.ESI.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+
+	tbuf = make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tbuf, er.ETag)
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+
+	tbuf, err = labelSerialize(er.Label)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute) String() string {
+	// RFC7432: BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN
+	// 7.1. Ethernet Auto-discovery Route
+	// For the purpose of BGP route key processing, only the Ethernet
+	// Segment Identifier and the Ethernet Tag ID are considered to be part
+	// of the prefix in the NLRI.  The MPLS Label field is to be treated as
+	// a route attribute as opposed to being part of the route.
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[type:A-D][rd:%s][esi:%s][etag:%d]", er.RD, er.ESI.String(), er.ETag)
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RD    RouteDistinguisherInterface `json:"rd"`
+		ESI   string                      `json:"esi"`
+		Etag  uint32                      `json:"etag"`
+		Label uint32                      `json:"label"`
+	}{
+		RD:    er.RD,
+		ESI:   er.ESI.String(),
+		Etag:  er.ETag,
+		Label: er.Label,
+	})
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute) rd() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return er.RD
+}
+
+func NewEVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, esi EthernetSegmentIdentifier, etag uint32, label uint32) *EVPNNLRI {
+	return NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_ETHERNET_AUTO_DISCOVERY, &EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute{
+		RD:    rd,
+		ESI:   esi,
+		ETag:  etag,
+		Label: label,
+	})
+}
+
+type EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute struct {
+	RD               RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	ESI              EthernetSegmentIdentifier
+	ETag             uint32
+	MacAddressLength uint8
+	MacAddress       net.HardwareAddr
+	IPAddressLength  uint8
+	IPAddress        net.IP
+	Labels           []uint32
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute) Len() int {
+	// RD(8) + ESI(10) + ETag(4) + MacAddressLength(1) + MacAddress(6)
+	// + IPAddressLength(1) + IPAddress(0, 4 or 16) + Labels(3 or 6)
+	return 30 + int(er.IPAddressLength)/8 + len(er.Labels)*3
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	er.RD = GetRouteDistinguisher(data)
+	data = data[er.RD.Len():]
+	err := er.ESI.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	data = data[10:]
+	er.ETag = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	data = data[4:]
+	er.MacAddressLength = data[0]
+	er.MacAddress = net.HardwareAddr(data[1:7])
+	er.IPAddressLength = data[7]
+	data = data[8:]
+	if er.IPAddressLength == 32 || er.IPAddressLength == 128 {
+		er.IPAddress = net.IP(data[0:((er.IPAddressLength) / 8)])
+	} else if er.IPAddressLength != 0 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid IP address length: %d", er.IPAddressLength))
+	}
+	data = data[(er.IPAddressLength / 8):]
+	var label uint32
+	if label, err = labelDecode(data); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	er.Labels = append(er.Labels, label)
+	data = data[3:]
+	if len(data) == 3 {
+		if label, err = labelDecode(data); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		er.Labels = append(er.Labels, label)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	var err error
+	if er.RD != nil {
+		buf, err = er.RD.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		buf = make([]byte, 8)
+	}
+
+	tbuf, err := er.ESI.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	tbuf = make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tbuf, er.ETag)
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	tbuf = make([]byte, 7)
+	tbuf[0] = er.MacAddressLength
+	copy(tbuf[1:], er.MacAddress)
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+
+	buf = append(buf, er.IPAddressLength)
+	switch er.IPAddressLength {
+	case 0:
+		// IP address omitted
+	case 32:
+		buf = append(buf, []byte(er.IPAddress.To4())...)
+	case 128:
+		buf = append(buf, []byte(er.IPAddress.To16())...)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid IP address length: %d", er.IPAddressLength)
+	}
+
+	for _, l := range er.Labels {
+		tbuf, err = labelSerialize(l)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute) String() string {
+	// RFC7432: BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN
+	// 7.2. MAC/IP Advertisement Route
+	// For the purpose of BGP route key processing, only the Ethernet Tag
+	// ID, MAC Address Length, MAC Address, IP Address Length, and IP
+	// Address fields are considered to be part of the prefix in the NLRI.
+	// The Ethernet Segment Identifier, MPLS Label1, and MPLS Label2 fields
+	// are to be treated as route attributes as opposed to being part of the
+	// "route".
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[type:macadv][rd:%s][etag:%d][mac:%s][ip:%s]", er.RD, er.ETag, er.MacAddress, er.IPAddress)
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RD         RouteDistinguisherInterface `json:"rd"`
+		ESI        string                      `json:"esi"`
+		Etag       uint32                      `json:"etag"`
+		MacAddress string                      `json:"mac"`
+		IPAddress  string                      `json:"ip"`
+		Labels     []uint32                    `json:"labels"`
+	}{
+		RD:         er.RD,
+		ESI:        er.ESI.String(),
+		Etag:       er.ETag,
+		MacAddress: er.MacAddress.String(),
+		IPAddress:  er.IPAddress.String(),
+		Labels:     er.Labels,
+	})
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute) rd() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return er.RD
+}
+
+func NewEVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, esi EthernetSegmentIdentifier, etag uint32, macAddress string, ipAddress string, labels []uint32) *EVPNNLRI {
+	mac, _ := net.ParseMAC(macAddress)
+	var ipLen uint8
+	ip := net.ParseIP(ipAddress)
+	if ip != nil {
+		if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
+			ipLen = 32
+			ip = ipv4
+		} else {
+			ipLen = 128
+		}
+	}
+	return NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_MAC_IP_ADVERTISEMENT, &EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute{
+		RD:               rd,
+		ESI:              esi,
+		ETag:             etag,
+		MacAddressLength: 6,
+		MacAddress:       mac,
+		IPAddressLength:  ipLen,
+		IPAddress:        ip,
+		Labels:           labels,
+	})
+}
+
+type EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute struct {
+	RD              RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	ETag            uint32
+	IPAddressLength uint8
+	IPAddress       net.IP
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute) Len() int {
+	// RD(8) + ETag(4) + IPAddressLength(1) + IPAddress(4 or 16)
+	return 13 + int(er.IPAddressLength)/8
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	er.RD = GetRouteDistinguisher(data)
+	data = data[er.RD.Len():]
+	er.ETag = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	er.IPAddressLength = data[4]
+	data = data[5:]
+	if er.IPAddressLength == 32 || er.IPAddressLength == 128 {
+		er.IPAddress = net.IP(data[:er.IPAddressLength/8])
+	} else {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid IP address length: %d", er.IPAddressLength))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	var err error
+	if er.RD != nil {
+		buf, err = er.RD.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		buf = make([]byte, 8)
+	}
+	tbuf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tbuf, er.ETag)
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	buf = append(buf, er.IPAddressLength)
+	switch er.IPAddressLength {
+	case 32:
+		buf = append(buf, []byte(er.IPAddress.To4())...)
+	case 128:
+		buf = append(buf, []byte(er.IPAddress.To16())...)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid IP address length: %d", er.IPAddressLength)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute) String() string {
+	// RFC7432: BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN
+	// 7.3. Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tag Route
+	// ...(snip)... For the purpose of BGP route key
+	// processing, only the Ethernet Tag ID, IP Address Length, and
+	// Originating Router's IP Address fields are considered to be part of
+	// the prefix in the NLRI.
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[type:multicast][rd:%s][etag:%d][ip:%s]", er.RD, er.ETag, er.IPAddress)
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RD        RouteDistinguisherInterface `json:"rd"`
+		Etag      uint32                      `json:"etag"`
+		IPAddress string                      `json:"ip"`
+	}{
+		RD:        er.RD,
+		Etag:      er.ETag,
+		IPAddress: er.IPAddress.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute) rd() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return er.RD
+}
+
+func NewEVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, etag uint32, ipAddress string) *EVPNNLRI {
+	ipLen := uint8(32)
+	ip := net.ParseIP(ipAddress)
+	if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
+		ip = ipv4
+	} else {
+		ipLen = 128
+	}
+	return NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_INCLUSIVE_MULTICAST_ETHERNET_TAG, &EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute{
+		RD:              rd,
+		ETag:            etag,
+		IPAddressLength: ipLen,
+		IPAddress:       ip,
+	})
+}
+
+type EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute struct {
+	RD              RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	ESI             EthernetSegmentIdentifier
+	IPAddressLength uint8
+	IPAddress       net.IP
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute) Len() int {
+	// RD(8) + ESI(10) + IPAddressLength(1) + IPAddress(4 or 16)
+	return 19 + int(er.IPAddressLength)/8
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	er.RD = GetRouteDistinguisher(data)
+	data = data[er.RD.Len():]
+	er.ESI.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	data = data[10:]
+	er.IPAddressLength = data[0]
+	data = data[1:]
+	if er.IPAddressLength == 32 || er.IPAddressLength == 128 {
+		er.IPAddress = net.IP(data[:er.IPAddressLength/8])
+	} else {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid IP address length: %d", er.IPAddressLength))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	var err error
+	if er.RD != nil {
+		buf, err = er.RD.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		buf = make([]byte, 8)
+	}
+	tbuf, err := er.ESI.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	buf = append(buf, er.IPAddressLength)
+	switch er.IPAddressLength {
+	case 32:
+		buf = append(buf, []byte(er.IPAddress.To4())...)
+	case 128:
+		buf = append(buf, []byte(er.IPAddress.To16())...)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid IP address length: %d", er.IPAddressLength)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute) String() string {
+	// RFC7432: BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN
+	// 7.4. Ethernet Segment Route
+	// For the purpose of BGP route key processing, only the Ethernet
+	// Segment ID, IP Address Length, and Originating Router's IP Address
+	// fields are considered to be part of the prefix in the NLRI.
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[type:esi][rd:%s][esi:%s][ip:%s]", er.RD, er.ESI.String(), er.IPAddress)
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RD        RouteDistinguisherInterface `json:"rd"`
+		ESI       string                      `json:"esi"`
+		IPAddress string                      `json:"ip"`
+	}{
+		RD:        er.RD,
+		ESI:       er.ESI.String(),
+		IPAddress: er.IPAddress.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute) rd() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return er.RD
+}
+
+func NewEVPNEthernetSegmentRoute(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, esi EthernetSegmentIdentifier, ipAddress string) *EVPNNLRI {
+	ipLen := uint8(32)
+	ip := net.ParseIP(ipAddress)
+	if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
+		ip = ipv4
+	} else {
+		ipLen = 128
+	}
+	return NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_ETHERNET_SEGMENT_ROUTE, &EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute{
+		RD:              rd,
+		ESI:             esi,
+		IPAddressLength: ipLen,
+		IPAddress:       ip,
+	})
+}
+
+type EVPNIPPrefixRoute struct {
+	RD             RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	ESI            EthernetSegmentIdentifier
+	ETag           uint32
+	IPPrefixLength uint8
+	IPPrefix       net.IP
+	GWIPAddress    net.IP
+	Label          uint32
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNIPPrefixRoute) Len() int {
+	if er.IPPrefix.To4() != nil {
+		return 34
+	}
+	return 58
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNIPPrefixRoute) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	addrLen := net.IPv4len
+	switch len(data) {
+	case 34:
+		// RD(8) + ESI(10) + ETag(4) + IPPrefixLength(1) + IPv4 Prefix(4) + GW IPv4(4) + Label(3)
+	case 58:
+		// RD(8) + ESI(10) + ETag(4) + IPPrefixLength(1) + IPv6 Prefix(16) + GW IPv6(16) + Label(3)
+		addrLen = net.IPv6len
+	default:
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all EVPN IP Prefix Route bytes available")
+	}
+
+	er.RD = GetRouteDistinguisher(data[0:8])
+
+	err := er.ESI.DecodeFromBytes(data[8:18])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	er.ETag = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[18:22])
+
+	er.IPPrefixLength = data[22]
+
+	offset := 23 // RD(8) + ESI(10) + ETag(4) + IPPrefixLength(1)
+	er.IPPrefix = data[offset : offset+addrLen]
+	offset += addrLen
+
+	er.GWIPAddress = data[offset : offset+addrLen]
+	offset += addrLen
+
+	if er.Label, err = labelDecode(data[offset : offset+3]); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	//offset += 3
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNIPPrefixRoute) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 23) // RD(8) + ESI(10) + ETag(4) + IPPrefixLength(1)
+
+	if er.RD != nil {
+		tbuf, err := er.RD.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		copy(buf[0:8], tbuf)
+	}
+
+	tbuf, err := er.ESI.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	copy(buf[8:18], tbuf)
+
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[18:22], er.ETag)
+
+	buf[22] = er.IPPrefixLength
+
+	if er.IPPrefix == nil {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("IP Prefix is nil"))
+	} else if er.IPPrefix.To4() != nil {
+		buf = append(buf, er.IPPrefix.To4()...)
+		if er.GWIPAddress == nil {
+			// draft-ietf-bess-evpn-prefix-advertisement: IP Prefix Advertisement in EVPN
+			// The GW IP field SHOULD be zero if it is not used as an Overlay Index.
+			er.GWIPAddress = net.IPv4zero
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, er.GWIPAddress.To4()...)
+	} else {
+		buf = append(buf, er.IPPrefix.To16()...)
+		if er.GWIPAddress == nil {
+			er.GWIPAddress = net.IPv6zero
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, er.GWIPAddress.To16()...)
+	}
+
+	tbuf, err = labelSerialize(er.Label)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNIPPrefixRoute) String() string {
+	// draft-ietf-bess-evpn-prefix-advertisement: IP Prefix Advertisement in EVPN
+	// 3.1 IP Prefix Route Encoding
+	// The RD, Eth-Tag ID, IP Prefix Length and IP Prefix will be part of
+	// the route key used by BGP to compare routes. The rest of the fields
+	// will not be part of the route key.
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[type:Prefix][rd:%s][etag:%d][prefix:%s/%d]", er.RD, er.ETag, er.IPPrefix, er.IPPrefixLength)
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNIPPrefixRoute) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		RD      RouteDistinguisherInterface `json:"rd"`
+		ESI     string                      `json:"esi"`
+		Etag    uint32                      `json:"etag"`
+		Prefix  string                      `json:"prefix"`
+		Gateway string                      `json:"gateway"`
+		Label   uint32                      `json:"label"`
+	}{
+		RD:      er.RD,
+		ESI:     er.ESI.String(),
+		Etag:    er.ETag,
+		Prefix:  fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", er.IPPrefix, er.IPPrefixLength),
+		Gateway: er.GWIPAddress.String(),
+		Label:   er.Label,
+	})
+}
+
+func (er *EVPNIPPrefixRoute) rd() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return er.RD
+}
+
+func NewEVPNIPPrefixRoute(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, esi EthernetSegmentIdentifier, etag uint32, ipPrefixLength uint8, ipPrefix string, gateway string, label uint32) *EVPNNLRI {
+	ip := net.ParseIP(ipPrefix)
+	gw := net.ParseIP(gateway)
+	if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
+		ip = ipv4
+		gw = gw.To4()
+	}
+	return NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_IP_PREFIX, &EVPNIPPrefixRoute{
+		RD:             rd,
+		ESI:            esi,
+		ETag:           etag,
+		IPPrefixLength: ipPrefixLength,
+		IPPrefix:       ip,
+		GWIPAddress:    gw,
+		Label:          label,
+	})
+}
+
+type EVPNRouteTypeInterface interface {
+	Len() int
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+	rd() RouteDistinguisherInterface
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+func getEVPNRouteType(t uint8) (EVPNRouteTypeInterface, error) {
+	switch t {
+	case EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_ETHERNET_AUTO_DISCOVERY:
+		return &EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute{}, nil
+	case EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_MAC_IP_ADVERTISEMENT:
+		return &EVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute{}, nil
+	case EVPN_INCLUSIVE_MULTICAST_ETHERNET_TAG:
+		return &EVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute{}, nil
+	case EVPN_ETHERNET_SEGMENT_ROUTE:
+		return &EVPNEthernetSegmentRoute{}, nil
+	case EVPN_IP_PREFIX:
+		return &EVPNIPPrefixRoute{}, nil
+	}
+	return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Unknown EVPN Route type: %d", t))
+}
+
+const (
+	EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_ETHERNET_AUTO_DISCOVERY = 1
+	EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_MAC_IP_ADVERTISEMENT    = 2
+	EVPN_INCLUSIVE_MULTICAST_ETHERNET_TAG   = 3
+	EVPN_ETHERNET_SEGMENT_ROUTE             = 4
+	EVPN_IP_PREFIX                          = 5
+)
+
+type EVPNNLRI struct {
+	PrefixDefault
+	RouteType     uint8
+	Length        uint8
+	RouteTypeData EVPNRouteTypeInterface
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, RF_EVPN, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = n.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all EVPNNLRI bytes available")
+	}
+	n.RouteType = data[0]
+	n.Length = data[1]
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < int(n.Length) {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all EVPNNLRI Route type bytes available")
+	}
+	r, err := getEVPNRouteType(n.RouteType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	n.RouteTypeData = r
+	return n.RouteTypeData.DecodeFromBytes(data[:n.Length])
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, RF_EVPN, options) {
+		var err error
+		buf, err = n.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	offset := len(buf)
+	buf = append(buf, make([]byte, 2)...)
+	buf[offset] = n.RouteType
+	tbuf, err := n.RouteTypeData.Serialize()
+	buf[offset+1] = n.Length
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, tbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_L2VPN
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_EVPN
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return int(n.Length) + 2
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) String() string {
+	if n.RouteTypeData != nil {
+		return n.RouteTypeData.String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", n.RouteType, n.Length)
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  uint8                  `json:"type"`
+		Value EVPNRouteTypeInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  n.RouteType,
+		Value: n.RouteTypeData,
+	})
+}
+
+func (n *EVPNNLRI) RD() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return n.RouteTypeData.rd()
+}
+
+func NewEVPNNLRI(routeType uint8, routeTypeData EVPNRouteTypeInterface) *EVPNNLRI {
+	var l uint8
+	if routeTypeData != nil {
+		l = uint8(routeTypeData.Len())
+	}
+	return &EVPNNLRI{
+		RouteType:     routeType,
+		Length:        l,
+		RouteTypeData: routeTypeData,
+	}
+}
+
+type EncapNLRI struct {
+	IPAddrPrefixDefault
+	addrlen uint8
+}
+
+func (n *EncapNLRI) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if n.addrlen == 0 {
+		n.addrlen = 4
+	}
+	f := RF_IPv4_ENCAP
+	if n.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_ENCAP
+	}
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = n.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "prefix misses length field")
+	}
+	n.Length = data[0]
+	if n.addrlen == 0 {
+		n.addrlen = 4
+	}
+	return n.decodePrefix(data[1:], n.Length, n.addrlen)
+}
+
+func (n *EncapNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	f := RF_IPv4_ENCAP
+	if n.addrlen == 16 {
+		f = RF_IPv6_ENCAP
+	}
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, f, options) {
+		var err error
+		buf, err = n.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if n.Prefix.To4() != nil {
+		buf = append(buf, net.IPv4len*8)
+		n.Prefix = n.Prefix.To4()
+	} else {
+		buf = append(buf, net.IPv6len*8)
+	}
+	n.Length = buf[len(buf)-1]
+	pbuf, err := n.serializePrefix(n.Length)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, pbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func (n *EncapNLRI) String() string {
+	return n.Prefix.String()
+}
+
+func (n *EncapNLRI) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP
+}
+
+func (n *EncapNLRI) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_ENCAPSULATION
+}
+
+func (n *EncapNLRI) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return 1 + len(n.Prefix)
+}
+
+func NewEncapNLRI(endpoint string) *EncapNLRI {
+	return &EncapNLRI{
+		IPAddrPrefixDefault{Length: 32, Prefix: net.ParseIP(endpoint).To4()},
+		4,
+	}
+}
+
+type Encapv6NLRI struct {
+	EncapNLRI
+}
+
+func (n *Encapv6NLRI) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_IP6
+}
+
+func NewEncapv6NLRI(endpoint string) *Encapv6NLRI {
+	return &Encapv6NLRI{
+		EncapNLRI{
+			IPAddrPrefixDefault{Length: 128, Prefix: net.ParseIP(endpoint)},
+			16,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type BGPFlowSpecType uint8
+
+const (
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_UNKNOWN BGPFlowSpecType = iota
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE // 14
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS
+)
+
+var FlowSpecNameMap = map[BGPFlowSpecType]string{
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_UNKNOWN:       "unknown",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX:    "destination",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX:    "source",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO:      "protocol",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT:          "port",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT:      "destination-port",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT:      "source-port",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE:     "icmp-type",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE:     "icmp-code",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG:      "tcp-flags",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN:       "packet-length",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP:          "dscp",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT:      "fragment",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL:         "label",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE: "ether-type",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC:       "source-mac",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC:       "destination-mac",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP:      "llc-dsap",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP:      "llc-ssap",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL:   "llc-control",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP:          "snap",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID:           "vid",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS:           "cos",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID:     "inner-vid",
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS:     "inner-cos",
+}
+
+var FlowSpecValueMap = map[string]BGPFlowSpecType{
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX]:    FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX]:    FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT]:          FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE]:     FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE]:     FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN]:       FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP]:          FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL]:         FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE]: FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC]:       FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC]:       FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP]:      FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL]:   FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP]:          FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID]:           FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS]:           FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID]:     FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID,
+	FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS]:     FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS,
+}
+
+// Joins the given and args into a single string and normalize it.
+// Example:
+// args := []string{"  &  <=80", " tcp  != udp ", " =!   SA   & =U!  F", " =  is-fragment+last-fragment"}
+// fmt.Printf("%q", normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args))
+// >>> ["<=80" "tcp" "!=udp" "=!SA" "&=U" "!F" "=is-fragment+last-fragment"]
+func normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args []string) []string {
+	// Extracts keywords from the given args.
+	sub := ""
+	subs := make([]string, 0)
+	for _, s := range _regexpFlowSpecOperator.FindAllString(strings.Join(args, " "), -1) {
+		sub += s
+		if _regexpFlowSpecOperatorValue.MatchString(s) {
+			subs = append(subs, sub)
+			sub = ""
+		}
+	}
+
+	// RFC5575 says "It should be unset in the first operator byte of a
+	// sequence".
+	if len(subs) > 0 {
+		subs[0] = strings.TrimPrefix(subs[0], "&")
+	}
+
+	return subs
+}
+
+// Parses the FlowSpec numeric operator using the given submatch which should be
+// the return value of func (*Regexp) FindStringSubmatch.
+func parseFlowSpecNumericOperator(submatch []string) (operator uint8, err error) {
+	if submatch[1] == "&" {
+		operator = DEC_NUM_OP_AND
+	}
+	value, ok := DECNumOpValueMap[submatch[2]]
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid numeric operator: %s%s", submatch[1], submatch[2])
+	}
+	operator |= uint8(value)
+	return operator, nil
+}
+
+// Parses the pairs of operator and value for the FlowSpec numeric type. The
+// given validationFunc is applied to evaluate whether the parsed value is
+// valid or not (e.g., if exceeds range or not).
+// Note: Each of the args should be formatted in single pair of operator and
+// value before calling this function.
+// e.g.) "&==100", ">=200" or "&<300"
+func parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string, validationFunc func(uint64) error) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	argsLen := len(args)
+	items := make([]*FlowSpecComponentItem, 0, argsLen)
+	for idx, arg := range args {
+		m := _regexpFlowSpecNumericType.FindStringSubmatch(arg)
+		if len(m) < 4 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid argument for %s: %s in %q", typ.String(), arg, args)
+		}
+		operator, err := parseFlowSpecNumericOperator(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		// "true" and "false" is operator, but here handles them as value.
+		var value uint64
+		switch m[3] {
+		case "true", "false":
+			if idx != argsLen-1 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s should be the last of each rule", m[3])
+			}
+			operator = uint8(DECNumOpValueMap[m[3]])
+		default:
+			if value, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[3], 10, 64); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid numeric value: %s", m[3])
+			}
+			if err = validationFunc(value); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
+		items = append(items, NewFlowSpecComponentItem(operator, value))
+	}
+
+	// Marks end-of-list bit
+	items[argsLen-1].Op |= uint8(DEC_NUM_OP_END)
+
+	return NewFlowSpecComponent(typ, items), nil
+}
+
+func flowSpecNumeric1ByteParser(_ RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 0xff { // 1 byte
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecNumeric2BytesParser(_ RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 0xffff { // 2 bytes
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+// Parses the FlowSpec bitmask operand using the given submatch which should be
+// the return value of func (*Regexp) FindStringSubmatch.
+func parseFlowSpecBitmaskOperand(submatch []string) (operand uint8, err error) {
+	if submatch[1] == "&" {
+		operand = BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND
+	}
+	value, ok := BitmaskFlagOpValueMap[submatch[2]]
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid bitmask operand: %s%s", submatch[1], submatch[2])
+	}
+	operand |= uint8(value)
+	return operand, nil
+}
+
+func flowSpecPrefixParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	// args[0]: IP Prefix or IP Address (suppose prefix length is 32)
+	// args[1]: Offset in bit (IPv6 only)
+	//
+	// Example:
+	// - IPv4 Prefix
+	//   args := []string{"192.168.0.0/24"}
+	// - IPv4 Address
+	//   args := []string{"192.168.0.1"}
+	// - IPv6 Prefix
+	//   args := []string{"2001:db8:1::/64"}
+	// - IPv6 Prefix with offset
+	//   args := []string{"0:db8:1::/64/16"}
+	//   args := []string{"0:db8:1::/64", "16"}
+	// - IPv6 Address
+	//   args := []string{"2001:db8:1::1"}
+	// - IPv6 Address with offset
+	//   args := []string{"0:db8:1::1", "16"}
+	afi, _ := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(rf)
+	switch afi {
+	case AFI_IP:
+		if len(args) > 1 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot specify offset for ipv4 prefix")
+		}
+		invalidIPv4PrefixError := fmt.Errorf("invalid ipv4 prefix: %s", args[0])
+		m := _regexpFindIPv4Prefix.FindStringSubmatch(args[0])
+		if len(m) < 4 {
+			return nil, invalidIPv4PrefixError
+		}
+		prefix := net.ParseIP(m[1])
+		if prefix.To4() == nil {
+			return nil, invalidIPv4PrefixError
+		}
+		var prefixLen uint64 = 32
+		if m[3] != "" {
+			var err error
+			prefixLen, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[3], 10, 8)
+			if err != nil || prefixLen > 32 {
+				return nil, invalidIPv4PrefixError
+			}
+		}
+		switch typ {
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX:
+			return NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(uint8(prefixLen), prefix.String())), nil
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX:
+			return NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(uint8(prefixLen), prefix.String())), nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid traffic filtering rule type: %s", typ.String())
+	case AFI_IP6:
+		if len(args) > 2 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid arguments for ipv6 prefix: %q", args)
+		}
+		invalidIPv6PrefixError := fmt.Errorf("invalid ipv6 prefix: %s", args[0])
+		m := _regexpFindIPv6Prefix.FindStringSubmatch(args[0])
+		if len(m) < 4 {
+			return nil, invalidIPv6PrefixError
+		}
+		prefix := net.ParseIP(m[1])
+		if prefix.To16() == nil {
+			return nil, invalidIPv6PrefixError
+		}
+		var prefixLen uint64 = 128
+		if m[3] != "" {
+			var err error
+			prefixLen, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[3], 10, 8)
+			if err != nil || prefixLen > 128 {
+				return nil, invalidIPv6PrefixError
+			}
+		}
+		var offset uint64
+		if len(args) == 1 && m[5] != "" {
+			var err error
+			offset, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[5], 10, 8)
+			if err != nil || offset > 128 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid ipv6 prefix offset: %s", m[5])
+			}
+		} else if len(args) == 2 {
+			if m[5] != "" {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("multiple ipv6 prefix offset arguments detected: %q", args)
+			}
+			var err error
+			offset, err = strconv.ParseUint(args[1], 10, 8)
+			if err != nil || offset > 128 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid ipv6 prefix offset: %s", args[1])
+			}
+		}
+		switch typ {
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX:
+			return NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix6(NewIPv6AddrPrefix(uint8(prefixLen), prefix.String()), uint8(offset)), nil
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX:
+			return NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix6(NewIPv6AddrPrefix(uint8(prefixLen), prefix.String()), uint8(offset)), nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid traffic filtering rule type: %s", typ.String())
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid address family: %s", rf.String())
+}
+
+func flowSpecIpProtoParser(_ RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	// args: List of pairs of Operator and IP protocol type
+	//
+	// Example:
+	// - TCP or UDP
+	//   args := []string{"tcp", "==udp"}
+	// - Not TCP and not UDP
+	//   args := []string{"!=tcp", "&!=udp"}
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+	s := strings.Join(args, " ")
+	for i, name := range ProtocolNameMap {
+		s = strings.Replace(s, name, fmt.Sprintf("%d", i), -1)
+	}
+	args = strings.Split(s, " ")
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 0xff { // 1 byte
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecTcpFlagParser(_ RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	// args: List of pairs of Operand and TCP Flags
+	//
+	// Example:
+	// - SYN or SYN/ACK
+	//   args := []string{"==S", "==SA"}
+	// - Not FIN and not URG
+	//   args := []string{"!=F", "&!=U"}
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	argsLen := len(args)
+	items := make([]*FlowSpecComponentItem, 0, argsLen)
+
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		m := _regexpFlowSpecTCPFlag.FindStringSubmatch(arg)
+		if len(m) < 6 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid argument for %s: %s in %q", typ.String(), arg, args)
+		} else if mLast := m[len(m)-1]; mLast != "" || m[3] != "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid argument for %s: %s in %q", typ.String(), arg, args)
+		}
+		operand, err := parseFlowSpecBitmaskOperand(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		var value uint64
+		for flag, name := range TCPFlagNameMap {
+			if strings.Contains(m[4], name) {
+				value |= uint64(flag)
+			}
+		}
+		items = append(items, NewFlowSpecComponentItem(operand, value))
+	}
+
+	// Marks end-of-list bit
+	items[argsLen-1].Op |= BITMASK_FLAG_OP_END
+
+	return NewFlowSpecComponent(typ, items), nil
+}
+
+func flowSpecDscpParser(_ RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i < 64 { // 6 bits
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecFragmentParser(_ RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	// args: List of pairs of Operator and Fragment flags
+	//
+	// Example:
+	// - is-fragment or last-fragment
+	//   args := []string{"==is-fragment", "==last-fragment"}
+	// - is-fragment and last-fragment (exact match)
+	//   args := []string{"==is-fragment+last-fragment"}
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	argsLen := len(args)
+	items := make([]*FlowSpecComponentItem, 0, argsLen)
+
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		m := _regexpFlowSpecFragment.FindStringSubmatch(arg)
+		if len(m) < 4 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid argument for %s: %s in %q", typ.String(), arg, args)
+		} else if mLast := m[len(m)-1]; mLast != "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid argument for %s: %s in %q", typ.String(), arg, args)
+		}
+		operand, err := parseFlowSpecBitmaskOperand(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		var value uint64
+		// Example:
+		// m[3] = "first-fragment+last-fragment"
+		for flag, name := range FragmentFlagNameMap {
+			if strings.Contains(m[3], name) {
+				value |= uint64(flag)
+			}
+		}
+		items = append(items, NewFlowSpecComponentItem(operand, value))
+	}
+
+	// Marks end-of-list bit
+	items[argsLen-1].Op |= BITMASK_FLAG_OP_END
+
+	return NewFlowSpecComponent(typ, items), nil
+}
+
+func flowSpecLabelParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	afi, _ := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(rf)
+	if afi == AFI_IP {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is not supported for ipv4", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 0xfffff { // 20 bits
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("flow label range exceeded")
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecEtherTypeParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	// args: List of pairs of Operator and Ether Types
+	//
+	// Example:
+	// - ARP or IPv4
+	//   args := []string{"==arp", "==ipv4"}
+	// - Not IPv4 and not IPv6
+	//   args := []string{"!=ipv4", "&!=ipv6"}
+	if rf != RF_FS_L2_VPN {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is supported for only l2vpn", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+	s := strings.Join(args, " ")
+	for i, name := range EthernetTypeNameMap {
+		s = strings.Replace(s, name, fmt.Sprintf("%d", i), -1)
+	}
+	args = strings.Split(s, " ")
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 0xffff { // 2 bytes
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecMacParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	// args[0]: MAC address
+	if rf != RF_FS_L2_VPN {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is supported for only l2vpn", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	mac, err := net.ParseMAC(args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid mac address: %s", args[0])
+	}
+
+	switch typ {
+	case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC:
+		return NewFlowSpecDestinationMac(mac), nil
+	case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC:
+		return NewFlowSpecSourceMac(mac), nil
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid traffic filtering rule type: %s", typ.String())
+}
+
+func flowSpecLlcParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	if rf != RF_FS_L2_VPN {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is supported for only l2vpn", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return flowSpecNumeric1ByteParser(rf, typ, args)
+}
+
+func flowSpecSnapParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	if rf != RF_FS_L2_VPN {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is supported for only l2vpn", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 0xffffffffff { // 5 bytes
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecVlanIDParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	if rf != RF_FS_L2_VPN {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is supported for only l2vpn", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+	s := strings.Join(args, " ")
+	for i, name := range EthernetTypeNameMap {
+		s = strings.Replace(s, name, fmt.Sprintf("%d", i), -1)
+	}
+	args = strings.Split(s, " ")
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 4095 { // 12 bits
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+func flowSpecVlanCosParser(rf RouteFamily, typ BGPFlowSpecType, args []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	if rf != RF_FS_L2_VPN {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is supported for only l2vpn", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	args = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(args)
+	s := strings.Join(args, " ")
+	for i, name := range EthernetTypeNameMap {
+		s = strings.Replace(s, name, fmt.Sprintf("%d", i), -1)
+	}
+	args = strings.Split(s, " ")
+
+	f := func(i uint64) error {
+		if i <= 7 { // 3 bits
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s range exceeded", typ.String())
+	}
+
+	return parseFlowSpecNumericOpValues(typ, args, f)
+}
+
+var flowSpecParserMap = map[BGPFlowSpecType]func(RouteFamily, BGPFlowSpecType, []string) (FlowSpecComponentInterface, error){
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX:    flowSpecPrefixParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX:    flowSpecPrefixParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO:      flowSpecIpProtoParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT:          flowSpecNumeric2BytesParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT:      flowSpecNumeric2BytesParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT:      flowSpecNumeric2BytesParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE:     flowSpecNumeric1ByteParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE:     flowSpecNumeric1ByteParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG:      flowSpecTcpFlagParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN:       flowSpecNumeric2BytesParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP:          flowSpecDscpParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT:      flowSpecFragmentParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL:         flowSpecLabelParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE: flowSpecEtherTypeParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC:       flowSpecMacParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC:       flowSpecMacParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP:      flowSpecLlcParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP:      flowSpecLlcParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL:   flowSpecLlcParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP:          flowSpecSnapParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID:           flowSpecVlanIDParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS:           flowSpecVlanCosParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID:     flowSpecVlanIDParser,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS:     flowSpecVlanCosParser,
+}
+
+func extractFlowSpecArgs(args []string) map[BGPFlowSpecType][]string {
+	m := make(map[BGPFlowSpecType][]string, len(FlowSpecValueMap))
+	var typ BGPFlowSpecType
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		if t, ok := FlowSpecValueMap[arg]; ok {
+			typ = t
+			m[typ] = make([]string, 0)
+		} else {
+			m[typ] = append(m[typ], arg)
+		}
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+func ParseFlowSpecComponents(rf RouteFamily, arg string) ([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, error) {
+	_, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(rf)
+	switch safi {
+	case SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST, SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN:
+		// Valid
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid address family: %s", rf.String())
+	}
+
+	typeArgs := extractFlowSpecArgs(strings.Split(arg, " "))
+	rules := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0, len(typeArgs))
+	for typ, args := range typeArgs {
+		parser, ok := flowSpecParserMap[typ]
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported traffic filtering rule type: %s", typ.String())
+		}
+		if len(args) == 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("specify traffic filtering rules for %s", typ.String())
+		}
+		rule, err := parser(rf, typ, args)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		rules = append(rules, rule)
+	}
+	return rules, nil
+}
+
+func (t BGPFlowSpecType) String() string {
+	name, ok := FlowSpecNameMap[t]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s(%d)", FlowSpecNameMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_UNKNOWN], t)
+	}
+	return name
+}
+
+type FlowSpecComponentInterface interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte, ...*MarshallingOption) error
+	Serialize(...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error)
+	Len(...*MarshallingOption) int
+	Type() BGPFlowSpecType
+	String() string
+}
+
+type flowSpecPrefix struct {
+	Prefix AddrPrefixInterface
+	typ    BGPFlowSpecType
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	p.typ = BGPFlowSpecType(data[0])
+	return p.Prefix.DecodeFromBytes(data[1:], options...)
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := []byte{byte(p.Type())}
+	bbuf, err := p.Prefix.Serialize(options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, bbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	buf, _ := p.Serialize(options...)
+	return len(buf)
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix) Type() BGPFlowSpecType {
+	return p.typ
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[%s: %s]", p.Type(), p.Prefix.String())
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPFlowSpecType     `json:"type"`
+		Value AddrPrefixInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.Type(),
+		Value: p.Prefix,
+	})
+}
+
+type flowSpecPrefix6 struct {
+	Prefix AddrPrefixInterface
+	Offset uint8
+	typ    BGPFlowSpecType
+}
+
+// draft-ietf-idr-flow-spec-v6-06
+// <type (1 octet), prefix length (1 octet), prefix offset(1 octet), prefix>
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix6) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	p.typ = BGPFlowSpecType(data[0])
+	p.Offset = data[2]
+	prefix := append([]byte{data[1]}, data[3:]...)
+	return p.Prefix.DecodeFromBytes(prefix, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix6) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := []byte{byte(p.Type())}
+	bbuf, err := p.Prefix.Serialize(options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, bbuf[0])
+	buf = append(buf, p.Offset)
+	return append(buf, bbuf[1:]...), nil
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix6) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	buf, _ := p.Serialize(options...)
+	return len(buf)
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix6) Type() BGPFlowSpecType {
+	return p.typ
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix6) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[%s: %s/%d]", p.Type(), p.Prefix.String(), p.Offset)
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecPrefix6) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type   BGPFlowSpecType     `json:"type"`
+		Value  AddrPrefixInterface `json:"value"`
+		Offset uint8               `json:"offset"`
+	}{
+		Type:   p.Type(),
+		Value:  p.Prefix,
+		Offset: p.Offset,
+	})
+}
+
+type FlowSpecDestinationPrefix struct {
+	flowSpecPrefix
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(prefix AddrPrefixInterface) *FlowSpecDestinationPrefix {
+	return &FlowSpecDestinationPrefix{flowSpecPrefix{prefix, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX}}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecSourcePrefix struct {
+	flowSpecPrefix
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(prefix AddrPrefixInterface) *FlowSpecSourcePrefix {
+	return &FlowSpecSourcePrefix{flowSpecPrefix{prefix, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX}}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecDestinationPrefix6 struct {
+	flowSpecPrefix6
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix6(prefix AddrPrefixInterface, offset uint8) *FlowSpecDestinationPrefix6 {
+	return &FlowSpecDestinationPrefix6{flowSpecPrefix6{prefix, offset, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX}}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecSourcePrefix6 struct {
+	flowSpecPrefix6
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix6(prefix AddrPrefixInterface, offset uint8) *FlowSpecSourcePrefix6 {
+	return &FlowSpecSourcePrefix6{flowSpecPrefix6{prefix, offset, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX}}
+}
+
+type flowSpecMac struct {
+	Mac net.HardwareAddr
+	typ BGPFlowSpecType
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecMac) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if len(data) < 2 || len(data) < 2+int(data[1]) {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all mac bits available")
+	}
+	p.typ = BGPFlowSpecType(data[0])
+	p.Mac = net.HardwareAddr(data[2 : 2+int(data[1])])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecMac) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(p.Mac) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("mac unset")
+	}
+	buf := []byte{byte(p.Type()), byte(len(p.Mac))}
+	return append(buf, []byte(p.Mac)...), nil
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecMac) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return 2 + len(p.Mac)
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecMac) Type() BGPFlowSpecType {
+	return p.typ
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecMac) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[%s: %s]", p.Type(), p.Mac.String())
+}
+
+func (p *flowSpecMac) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPFlowSpecType `json:"type"`
+		Value string          `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.Type(),
+		Value: p.Mac.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+type FlowSpecSourceMac struct {
+	flowSpecMac
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecSourceMac(mac net.HardwareAddr) *FlowSpecSourceMac {
+	return &FlowSpecSourceMac{flowSpecMac{Mac: mac, typ: FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC}}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecDestinationMac struct {
+	flowSpecMac
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecDestinationMac(mac net.HardwareAddr) *FlowSpecDestinationMac {
+	return &FlowSpecDestinationMac{flowSpecMac{Mac: mac, typ: FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC}}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecComponentItem struct {
+	Op    uint8  `json:"op"`
+	Value uint64 `json:"value"`
+}
+
+func (v *FlowSpecComponentItem) Len() int {
+	return 1 << ((uint32(v.Op) >> 4) & 0x3)
+}
+
+func (v *FlowSpecComponentItem) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	if v.Op > math.MaxUint8 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid op size: %d", v.Op)
+	}
+
+	order := uint32(math.Log2(float64(v.Len())))
+	buf := make([]byte, 1+(1<<order))
+	buf[0] = byte(uint32(v.Op) | order<<4)
+	switch order {
+	case 0:
+		buf[1] = byte(v.Value)
+	case 1:
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:], uint16(v.Value))
+	case 2:
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:], uint32(v.Value))
+	case 3:
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[1:], uint64(v.Value))
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid value size(too big): %d", v.Value)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecComponentItem(op uint8, value uint64) *FlowSpecComponentItem {
+	v := &FlowSpecComponentItem{op, value}
+	order := uint32(math.Log2(float64(v.Len())))
+	// we don't know if not initialized properly or initialized to
+	// zero...
+	if order == 0 {
+		order = func() uint32 {
+			for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+				if v.Value < (1 << ((1 << uint(i)) * 8)) {
+					return uint32(i)
+				}
+			}
+			// return invalid order
+			return 4
+		}()
+	}
+	if order > 3 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	v.Op = uint8(uint32(v.Op) | order<<4)
+	return v
+}
+
+type FlowSpecComponent struct {
+	Items []*FlowSpecComponentItem
+	typ   BGPFlowSpecType
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecComponent) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	p.typ = BGPFlowSpecType(data[0])
+	data = data[1:]
+	p.Items = make([]*FlowSpecComponentItem, 0)
+	for {
+		if len(data) < 2 {
+			return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all flowspec component bytes available")
+		}
+		op := data[0]
+		end := op & 0x80
+		l := 1 << ((op >> 4) & 0x3) // (min, max) = (1, 8)
+		v := make([]byte, 8)
+		copy(v[8-l:], data[1:1+l])
+		i := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(v)
+		item := &FlowSpecComponentItem{op, i}
+		p.Items = append(p.Items, item)
+		if end > 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		data = data[1+l:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecComponent) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := []byte{byte(p.Type())}
+	for _, v := range p.Items {
+		bbuf, err := v.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecComponent) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	l := 1
+	for _, item := range p.Items {
+		l += item.Len() + 1
+	}
+	return l
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecComponent) Type() BGPFlowSpecType {
+	return p.typ
+}
+
+func formatRaw(op uint8, value uint64) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("op:%b,value:%d", op, value)
+}
+
+func formatNumeric(op uint8, value uint64) string {
+	cmpFlag := DECNumOp(op & 0x7) // lower 3 bits
+	if cmpFlag == DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE || cmpFlag == DEC_NUM_OP_FALSE {
+		// Omit value field
+		return DECNumOp(op).String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprint(DECNumOp(op).String(), value)
+}
+
+func formatProto(op uint8, value uint64) string {
+	cmpFlag := DECNumOp(op & 0x7) // lower 3 bits
+	if cmpFlag == DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE || cmpFlag == DEC_NUM_OP_FALSE {
+		// Omit value field
+		return DECNumOp(op).String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprint(DECNumOp(op).String(), Protocol(value).String())
+}
+
+func formatTCPFlag(op uint8, value uint64) string {
+	return fmt.Sprint(BitmaskFlagOp(op).String(), TCPFlag(value).String())
+}
+
+func formatFragment(op uint8, value uint64) string {
+	return fmt.Sprint(BitmaskFlagOp(op).String(), FragmentFlag(value).String())
+}
+
+func formatEtherType(op uint8, value uint64) string {
+	cmpFlag := DECNumOp(op & 0x7) // lower 3 bits
+	if cmpFlag == DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE || cmpFlag == DEC_NUM_OP_FALSE {
+		// Omit value field
+		return DECNumOp(op).String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprint(DECNumOp(op).String(), EthernetType(value).String())
+}
+
+var flowSpecFormatMap = map[BGPFlowSpecType]func(op uint8, value uint64) string{
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_UNKNOWN:       formatRaw,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO:      formatProto,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT:          formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT:      formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT:      formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE:     formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE:     formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG:      formatTCPFlag,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN:       formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP:          formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT:      formatFragment,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL:         formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE: formatEtherType,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP:      formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP:      formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL:   formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP:          formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID:           formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS:           formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID:     formatNumeric,
+	FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS:     formatNumeric,
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecComponent) String() string {
+	f := flowSpecFormatMap[FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_UNKNOWN]
+	if _, ok := flowSpecFormatMap[p.typ]; ok {
+		f = flowSpecFormatMap[p.typ]
+	}
+
+	items := make([]string, 0, len(p.Items))
+	for _, i := range p.Items {
+		items = append(items, f(i.Op, i.Value))
+	}
+	// Removes leading and tailing spaces
+	value := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Join(items, ""))
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[%s: %s]", p.typ, value)
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecComponent) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPFlowSpecType          `json:"type"`
+		Value []*FlowSpecComponentItem `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.Type(),
+		Value: p.Items,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecComponent(typ BGPFlowSpecType, items []*FlowSpecComponentItem) *FlowSpecComponent {
+	// Set end-of-list bit on the last item and unset them on the others.
+	for i, v := range items {
+		if i == len(items)-1 {
+			v.Op |= 0x80
+		} else {
+			v.Op &^= 0x80
+		}
+
+	}
+	return &FlowSpecComponent{
+		Items: items,
+		typ:   typ,
+	}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecUnknown struct {
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecUnknown) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	p.Value = data
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecUnknown) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	return p.Value, nil
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecUnknown) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return len(p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecUnknown) Type() BGPFlowSpecType {
+	if len(p.Value) > 0 {
+		return BGPFlowSpecType(p.Value[0])
+	}
+	return FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_UNKNOWN
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecUnknown) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[unknown:%v]", p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *FlowSpecUnknown) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPFlowSpecType `json:"type"`
+		Value string          `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.Type(),
+		Value: string(p.Value),
+	})
+}
+
+type FlowSpecNLRI struct {
+	PrefixDefault
+	Value []FlowSpecComponentInterface
+	rf    RouteFamily
+	rd    RouteDistinguisherInterface
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) AFI() uint16 {
+	afi, _ := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(n.rf)
+	return afi
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) SAFI() uint8 {
+	_, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(n.rf)
+	return safi
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) RD() RouteDistinguisherInterface {
+	return n.rd
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) decodeFromBytes(rf RouteFamily, data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, rf, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = n.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	var length int
+	if (data[0]>>4) == 0xf && len(data) > 2 {
+		length = int(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]))
+		data = data[2:]
+	} else if len(data) > 1 {
+		length = int(data[0])
+		data = data[1:]
+	} else {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all flowspec component bytes available")
+	}
+
+	n.rf = rf
+
+	if n.SAFI() == SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN {
+		if length < 8 {
+			return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all flowspec component bytes available")
+		}
+		n.rd = GetRouteDistinguisher(data[:8])
+		data = data[8:]
+		length -= 8
+	}
+
+	for l := length; l > 0; {
+		if len(data) == 0 {
+			return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all flowspec component bytes available")
+		}
+		t := BGPFlowSpecType(data[0])
+		var i FlowSpecComponentInterface
+		switch t {
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX:
+			switch {
+			case rf>>16 == AFI_IP:
+				i = NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(0, ""))
+			case rf>>16 == AFI_IP6:
+				i = NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix6(NewIPv6AddrPrefix(0, ""), 0)
+			default:
+				return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid address family: %v", rf))
+			}
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX:
+			switch {
+			case rf>>16 == AFI_IP:
+				i = NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(0, ""))
+			case rf>>16 == AFI_IP6:
+				i = NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix6(NewIPv6AddrPrefix(0, ""), 0)
+			default:
+				return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid address family: %v", rf))
+			}
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_MAC:
+			switch rf {
+			case RF_FS_L2_VPN:
+				i = NewFlowSpecSourceMac(nil)
+			default:
+				return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid address family: %v", rf))
+			}
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_MAC:
+			switch rf {
+			case RF_FS_L2_VPN:
+				i = NewFlowSpecDestinationMac(nil)
+			default:
+				return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Invalid address family: %v", rf))
+			}
+		case FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT,
+			FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN,
+			FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE,
+			FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_DSAP, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_SSAP, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LLC_CONTROL, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SNAP,
+			FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_VID, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_COS, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_VID, FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_INNER_COS:
+			i = NewFlowSpecComponent(t, nil)
+		default:
+			i = &FlowSpecUnknown{}
+		}
+
+		err := i.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			i = &FlowSpecUnknown{data}
+		}
+		l -= i.Len(options...)
+		data = data[i.Len(options...):]
+		n.Value = append(n.Value, i)
+	}
+
+	// Sort Traffic Filtering Rules in types order to avoid the unordered rules
+	// are determined different.
+	sort.SliceStable(n.Value, func(i, j int) bool { return n.Value[i].Type() < n.Value[j].Type() })
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0, 32)
+	if n.SAFI() == SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN {
+		if n.rd == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("RD is nil")
+		}
+		b, err := n.rd.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, b...)
+	}
+	for _, v := range n.Value {
+		b, err := v.Serialize(options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, b...)
+	}
+	length := n.Len(options...)
+	if length > 0xfff {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Too large: %d", length)
+	} else if length < 0xf0 {
+		length -= 1
+		buf = append([]byte{byte(length)}, buf...)
+	} else {
+		length -= 2
+		b := make([]byte, 2)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, uint16(length))
+		buf = append(b, buf...)
+	}
+
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, n.rf, options) {
+		id, err := n.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return append(id, buf...), nil
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	l := 0
+	if n.SAFI() == SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN {
+		l += n.RD().Len()
+	}
+	for _, v := range n.Value {
+		l += v.Len(options...)
+	}
+	if l < 0xf0 {
+		return l + 1
+	} else {
+		return l + 2
+	}
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	if n.SAFI() == SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN {
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("[rd: %s]", n.rd))
+	}
+	for _, v := range n.Value {
+		buf.WriteString(v.String())
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecNLRI) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	if n.rd != nil {
+		return json.Marshal(struct {
+			RD    RouteDistinguisherInterface  `json:"rd"`
+			Value []FlowSpecComponentInterface `json:"value"`
+		}{
+			RD:    n.rd,
+			Value: n.Value,
+		})
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Value []FlowSpecComponentInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Value: n.Value,
+	})
+
+}
+
+//
+// CompareFlowSpecNLRI(n, m) returns
+// -1 when m has precedence
+//  0 when n and m have same precedence
+//  1 when n has precedence
+//
+func CompareFlowSpecNLRI(n, m *FlowSpecNLRI) (int, error) {
+	family := AfiSafiToRouteFamily(n.AFI(), n.SAFI())
+	if family != AfiSafiToRouteFamily(m.AFI(), m.SAFI()) {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("address family mismatch")
+	}
+	longer := n.Value
+	shorter := m.Value
+	invert := 1
+	if n.SAFI() == SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN {
+		k, _ := n.Serialize()
+		l, _ := m.Serialize()
+		if result := bytes.Compare(k, l); result != 0 {
+			return result, nil
+		}
+	}
+	if len(n.Value) < len(m.Value) {
+		longer = m.Value
+		shorter = n.Value
+		invert = -1
+	}
+	for idx, v := range longer {
+		if len(shorter) < idx+1 {
+			return invert, nil
+		}
+		w := shorter[idx]
+		if v.Type() < w.Type() {
+			return invert, nil
+		} else if v.Type() > w.Type() {
+			return invert * -1, nil
+		} else if v.Type() == FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX || v.Type() == FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PREFIX {
+			// RFC5575 5.1
+			//
+			// For IP prefix values (IP destination and source prefix) precedence is
+			// given to the lowest IP value of the common prefix length; if the
+			// common prefix is equal, then the most specific prefix has precedence.
+			var p, q *IPAddrPrefixDefault
+			var pCommon, qCommon uint64
+			if n.AFI() == AFI_IP {
+				if v.Type() == FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX {
+					p = &v.(*FlowSpecDestinationPrefix).Prefix.(*IPAddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+					q = &w.(*FlowSpecDestinationPrefix).Prefix.(*IPAddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+				} else {
+					p = &v.(*FlowSpecSourcePrefix).Prefix.(*IPAddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+					q = &w.(*FlowSpecSourcePrefix).Prefix.(*IPAddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+				}
+				min := p.Length
+				if q.Length < p.Length {
+					min = q.Length
+				}
+				pCommon = uint64(binary.BigEndian.Uint32([]byte(p.Prefix.To4())) >> (32 - min))
+				qCommon = uint64(binary.BigEndian.Uint32([]byte(q.Prefix.To4())) >> (32 - min))
+			} else if n.AFI() == AFI_IP6 {
+				if v.Type() == FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PREFIX {
+					p = &v.(*FlowSpecDestinationPrefix6).Prefix.(*IPv6AddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+					q = &w.(*FlowSpecDestinationPrefix6).Prefix.(*IPv6AddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+				} else {
+					p = &v.(*FlowSpecSourcePrefix6).Prefix.(*IPv6AddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+					q = &w.(*FlowSpecSourcePrefix6).Prefix.(*IPv6AddrPrefix).IPAddrPrefixDefault
+				}
+				min := uint(p.Length)
+				if q.Length < p.Length {
+					min = uint(q.Length)
+				}
+				var mask uint
+				if min-64 > 0 {
+					mask = min - 64
+				}
+				pCommon = binary.BigEndian.Uint64([]byte(p.Prefix.To16()[:8])) >> mask
+				qCommon = binary.BigEndian.Uint64([]byte(q.Prefix.To16()[:8])) >> mask
+				if pCommon == qCommon && mask == 0 {
+					mask = 64 - min
+					pCommon = binary.BigEndian.Uint64([]byte(p.Prefix.To16()[8:])) >> mask
+					qCommon = binary.BigEndian.Uint64([]byte(q.Prefix.To16()[8:])) >> mask
+				}
+			}
+
+			if pCommon < qCommon {
+				return invert, nil
+			} else if pCommon > qCommon {
+				return invert * -1, nil
+			} else if p.Length > q.Length {
+				return invert, nil
+			} else if p.Length < q.Length {
+				return invert * -1, nil
+			}
+
+		} else {
+			// RFC5575 5.1
+			//
+			// For all other component types, unless otherwise specified, the
+			// comparison is performed by comparing the component data as a binary
+			// string using the memcmp() function as defined by the ISO C standard.
+			// For strings of different lengths, the common prefix is compared.  If
+			// equal, the longest string is considered to have higher precedence
+			// than the shorter one.
+			p, _ := v.Serialize()
+			q, _ := w.Serialize()
+			min := len(p)
+			if len(q) < len(p) {
+				min = len(q)
+			}
+			if result := bytes.Compare(p[:min], q[:min]); result < 0 {
+				return invert, nil
+			} else if result > 0 {
+				return invert * -1, nil
+			} else if len(p) > len(q) {
+				return invert, nil
+			} else if len(q) > len(p) {
+				return invert * -1, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0, nil
+}
+
+type FlowSpecIPv4Unicast struct {
+	FlowSpecNLRI
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecIPv4Unicast) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	return n.decodeFromBytes(AfiSafiToRouteFamily(n.AFI(), n.SAFI()), data, options...)
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(value []FlowSpecComponentInterface) *FlowSpecIPv4Unicast {
+	sort.SliceStable(value, func(i, j int) bool { return value[i].Type() < value[j].Type() })
+	return &FlowSpecIPv4Unicast{
+		FlowSpecNLRI: FlowSpecNLRI{
+			Value: value,
+			rf:    RF_FS_IPv4_UC,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecIPv4VPN struct {
+	FlowSpecNLRI
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecIPv4VPN) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	return n.decodeFromBytes(AfiSafiToRouteFamily(n.AFI(), n.SAFI()), data, options...)
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecIPv4VPN(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, value []FlowSpecComponentInterface) *FlowSpecIPv4VPN {
+	sort.SliceStable(value, func(i, j int) bool { return value[i].Type() < value[j].Type() })
+	return &FlowSpecIPv4VPN{
+		FlowSpecNLRI: FlowSpecNLRI{
+			Value: value,
+			rf:    RF_FS_IPv4_VPN,
+			rd:    rd,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecIPv6Unicast struct {
+	FlowSpecNLRI
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecIPv6Unicast) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	return n.decodeFromBytes(AfiSafiToRouteFamily(n.AFI(), n.SAFI()), data, options...)
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecIPv6Unicast(value []FlowSpecComponentInterface) *FlowSpecIPv6Unicast {
+	sort.SliceStable(value, func(i, j int) bool { return value[i].Type() < value[j].Type() })
+	return &FlowSpecIPv6Unicast{
+		FlowSpecNLRI: FlowSpecNLRI{
+			Value: value,
+			rf:    RF_FS_IPv6_UC,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecIPv6VPN struct {
+	FlowSpecNLRI
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecIPv6VPN) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	return n.decodeFromBytes(AfiSafiToRouteFamily(n.AFI(), n.SAFI()), data, options...)
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecIPv6VPN(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, value []FlowSpecComponentInterface) *FlowSpecIPv6VPN {
+	sort.SliceStable(value, func(i, j int) bool { return value[i].Type() < value[j].Type() })
+	return &FlowSpecIPv6VPN{
+		FlowSpecNLRI: FlowSpecNLRI{
+			Value: value,
+			rf:    RF_FS_IPv6_VPN,
+			rd:    rd,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type FlowSpecL2VPN struct {
+	FlowSpecNLRI
+}
+
+func (n *FlowSpecL2VPN) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	return n.decodeFromBytes(AfiSafiToRouteFamily(n.AFI(), n.SAFI()), data)
+}
+
+func NewFlowSpecL2VPN(rd RouteDistinguisherInterface, value []FlowSpecComponentInterface) *FlowSpecL2VPN {
+	sort.SliceStable(value, func(i, j int) bool { return value[i].Type() < value[j].Type() })
+	return &FlowSpecL2VPN{
+		FlowSpecNLRI: FlowSpecNLRI{
+			Value: value,
+			rf:    RF_FS_L2_VPN,
+			rd:    rd,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type OpaqueNLRI struct {
+	PrefixDefault
+	Length uint16
+	Key    []byte
+	Value  []byte
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all OpaqueNLRI bytes available")
+	}
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, RF_OPAQUE, options) {
+		var err error
+		data, err = n.decodePathIdentifier(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	n.Length = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	if len(data)-2 < int(n.Length) {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all OpaqueNLRI bytes available")
+	}
+	n.Key = data[2 : 2+n.Length]
+	n.Value = data[2+n.Length:]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(n.Key) > math.MaxUint16 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Key length too big")
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, uint16(len(n.Key)))
+	buf = append(buf, n.Key...)
+	buf = append(buf, n.Value...)
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(false, RF_OPAQUE, options) {
+		id, err := n.serializeIdentifier()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return append(id, buf...), nil
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) AFI() uint16 {
+	return AFI_OPAQUE
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) SAFI() uint8 {
+	return SAFI_KEY_VALUE
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	return 2 + len(n.Key) + len(n.Value)
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s", n.Key)
+}
+
+func (n *OpaqueNLRI) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Key   string `json:"key"`
+		Value string `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Key:   string(n.Key),
+		Value: string(n.Value),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewOpaqueNLRI(key, value []byte) *OpaqueNLRI {
+	return &OpaqueNLRI{
+		Key:   key,
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+func AfiSafiToRouteFamily(afi uint16, safi uint8) RouteFamily {
+	return RouteFamily(int(afi)<<16 | int(safi))
+}
+
+func RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(rf RouteFamily) (uint16, uint8) {
+	return uint16(int(rf) >> 16), uint8(int(rf) & 0xff)
+}
+
+type RouteFamily int
+
+func (f RouteFamily) String() string {
+	if n, y := AddressFamilyNameMap[f]; y {
+		return n
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("UnknownFamily(%d)", f)
+}
+
+const (
+	RF_IPv4_UC     RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_UNICAST
+	RF_IPv6_UC     RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_UNICAST
+	RF_IPv4_MC     RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_MULTICAST
+	RF_IPv6_MC     RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_MULTICAST
+	RF_IPv4_VPN    RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_MPLS_VPN
+	RF_IPv6_VPN    RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_MPLS_VPN
+	RF_IPv4_VPN_MC RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_MPLS_VPN_MULTICAST
+	RF_IPv6_VPN_MC RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_MPLS_VPN_MULTICAST
+	RF_IPv4_MPLS   RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_MPLS_LABEL
+	RF_IPv6_MPLS   RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_MPLS_LABEL
+	RF_VPLS        RouteFamily = AFI_L2VPN<<16 | SAFI_VPLS
+	RF_EVPN        RouteFamily = AFI_L2VPN<<16 | SAFI_EVPN
+	RF_RTC_UC      RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_ROUTE_TARGET_CONSTRAINTS
+	RF_IPv4_ENCAP  RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_ENCAPSULATION
+	RF_IPv6_ENCAP  RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_ENCAPSULATION
+	RF_FS_IPv4_UC  RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST
+	RF_FS_IPv4_VPN RouteFamily = AFI_IP<<16 | SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN
+	RF_FS_IPv6_UC  RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST
+	RF_FS_IPv6_VPN RouteFamily = AFI_IP6<<16 | SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN
+	RF_FS_L2_VPN   RouteFamily = AFI_L2VPN<<16 | SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN
+	RF_OPAQUE      RouteFamily = AFI_OPAQUE<<16 | SAFI_KEY_VALUE
+)
+
+var AddressFamilyNameMap = map[RouteFamily]string{
+	RF_IPv4_UC:     "ipv4-unicast",
+	RF_IPv6_UC:     "ipv6-unicast",
+	RF_IPv4_MC:     "ipv4-multicast",
+	RF_IPv6_MC:     "ipv6-multicast",
+	RF_IPv4_MPLS:   "ipv4-labelled-unicast",
+	RF_IPv6_MPLS:   "ipv6-labelled-unicast",
+	RF_IPv4_VPN:    "l3vpn-ipv4-unicast",
+	RF_IPv6_VPN:    "l3vpn-ipv6-unicast",
+	RF_IPv4_VPN_MC: "l3vpn-ipv4-multicast",
+	RF_IPv6_VPN_MC: "l3vpn-ipv6-multicast",
+	RF_VPLS:        "l2vpn-vpls",
+	RF_EVPN:        "l2vpn-evpn",
+	RF_RTC_UC:      "rtc",
+	RF_IPv4_ENCAP:  "ipv4-encap",
+	RF_IPv6_ENCAP:  "ipv6-encap",
+	RF_FS_IPv4_UC:  "ipv4-flowspec",
+	RF_FS_IPv4_VPN: "l3vpn-ipv4-flowspec",
+	RF_FS_IPv6_UC:  "ipv6-flowspec",
+	RF_FS_IPv6_VPN: "l3vpn-ipv6-flowspec",
+	RF_FS_L2_VPN:   "l2vpn-flowspec",
+	RF_OPAQUE:      "opaque",
+}
+
+var AddressFamilyValueMap = map[string]RouteFamily{
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv4_UC]:     RF_IPv4_UC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv6_UC]:     RF_IPv6_UC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv4_MC]:     RF_IPv4_MC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv6_MC]:     RF_IPv6_MC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv4_MPLS]:   RF_IPv4_MPLS,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv6_MPLS]:   RF_IPv6_MPLS,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv4_VPN]:    RF_IPv4_VPN,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv6_VPN]:    RF_IPv6_VPN,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv4_VPN_MC]: RF_IPv4_VPN_MC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv6_VPN_MC]: RF_IPv6_VPN_MC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_VPLS]:        RF_VPLS,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_EVPN]:        RF_EVPN,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_RTC_UC]:      RF_RTC_UC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv4_ENCAP]:  RF_IPv4_ENCAP,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_IPv6_ENCAP]:  RF_IPv6_ENCAP,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_FS_IPv4_UC]:  RF_FS_IPv4_UC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_FS_IPv4_VPN]: RF_FS_IPv4_VPN,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_FS_IPv6_UC]:  RF_FS_IPv6_UC,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_FS_IPv6_VPN]: RF_FS_IPv6_VPN,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_FS_L2_VPN]:   RF_FS_L2_VPN,
+	AddressFamilyNameMap[RF_OPAQUE]:      RF_OPAQUE,
+}
+
+func GetRouteFamily(name string) (RouteFamily, error) {
+	if v, ok := AddressFamilyValueMap[name]; ok {
+		return v, nil
+	}
+	return RouteFamily(0), fmt.Errorf("%s isn't a valid route family name", name)
+}
+
+func NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(afi uint16, safi uint8, prefixStr ...string) (prefix AddrPrefixInterface, err error) {
+	family := AfiSafiToRouteFamily(afi, safi)
+
+	f := func(s string) AddrPrefixInterface {
+		addr, net, _ := net.ParseCIDR(s)
+		len, _ := net.Mask.Size()
+		switch family {
+		case RF_IPv4_UC, RF_IPv4_MC:
+			return NewIPAddrPrefix(uint8(len), addr.String())
+		}
+		return NewIPv6AddrPrefix(uint8(len), addr.String())
+	}
+
+	switch family {
+	case RF_IPv4_UC, RF_IPv4_MC:
+		if len(prefixStr) > 0 {
+			prefix = f(prefixStr[0])
+		} else {
+			prefix = NewIPAddrPrefix(0, "")
+		}
+	case RF_IPv6_UC, RF_IPv6_MC:
+		if len(prefixStr) > 0 {
+			prefix = f(prefixStr[0])
+		} else {
+			prefix = NewIPv6AddrPrefix(0, "")
+		}
+	case RF_IPv4_VPN:
+		prefix = NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(0, "", *NewMPLSLabelStack(), nil)
+	case RF_IPv6_VPN:
+		prefix = NewLabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix(0, "", *NewMPLSLabelStack(), nil)
+	case RF_IPv4_MPLS:
+		prefix = NewLabeledIPAddrPrefix(0, "", *NewMPLSLabelStack())
+	case RF_IPv6_MPLS:
+		prefix = NewLabeledIPv6AddrPrefix(0, "", *NewMPLSLabelStack())
+	case RF_EVPN:
+		prefix = NewEVPNNLRI(0, nil)
+	case RF_RTC_UC:
+		prefix = &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{}
+	case RF_IPv4_ENCAP:
+		prefix = NewEncapNLRI("")
+	case RF_IPv6_ENCAP:
+		prefix = NewEncapv6NLRI("")
+	case RF_FS_IPv4_UC:
+		prefix = &FlowSpecIPv4Unicast{FlowSpecNLRI{rf: RF_FS_IPv4_UC}}
+	case RF_FS_IPv4_VPN:
+		prefix = &FlowSpecIPv4VPN{FlowSpecNLRI{rf: RF_FS_IPv4_VPN}}
+	case RF_FS_IPv6_UC:
+		prefix = &FlowSpecIPv6Unicast{FlowSpecNLRI{rf: RF_FS_IPv6_UC}}
+	case RF_FS_IPv6_VPN:
+		prefix = &FlowSpecIPv6VPN{FlowSpecNLRI{rf: RF_FS_IPv6_VPN}}
+	case RF_FS_L2_VPN:
+		prefix = &FlowSpecL2VPN{FlowSpecNLRI{rf: RF_FS_L2_VPN}}
+	case RF_OPAQUE:
+		prefix = &OpaqueNLRI{}
+	default:
+		err = fmt.Errorf("unknown route family. AFI: %d, SAFI: %d", afi, safi)
+	}
+	return prefix, err
+}
+
+type BGPAttrFlag uint8
+
+const (
+	BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH BGPAttrFlag = 1 << 4
+	BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL         BGPAttrFlag = 1 << 5
+	BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE      BGPAttrFlag = 1 << 6
+	BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL        BGPAttrFlag = 1 << 7
+)
+
+func (f BGPAttrFlag) String() string {
+	strs := make([]string, 0, 4)
+	if f&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH > 0 {
+		strs = append(strs, "EXTENDED_LENGTH")
+	}
+	if f&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL > 0 {
+		strs = append(strs, "PARTIAL")
+	}
+	if f&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE > 0 {
+		strs = append(strs, "TRANSITIVE")
+	}
+	if f&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL > 0 {
+		strs = append(strs, "OPTIONAL")
+	}
+	return strings.Join(strs, "|")
+}
+
+type BGPAttrType uint8
+
+const (
+	_ BGPAttrType = iota
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATH
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LOCAL_PREF
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AGGREGATOR
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_COMMUNITIES
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_CLUSTER_LIST
+	_
+	_
+	_
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI // = 14
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_PATH
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_AGGREGATOR
+	_
+	_
+	_
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL // = 22
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP
+	_
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_IP6_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES             // = 25
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AIGP                                 // = 26
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY          BGPAttrType = 32
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Code  RFC 4271 4.5.
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_HOLD_TIMER_EXPIRED
+	BGP_ERROR_FSM_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_CEASE
+	BGP_ERROR_ROUTE_REFRESH_MESSAGE_ERROR
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_CONNECTION_NOT_SYNCHRONIZED
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_TYPE
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION_NUMBER
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_PEER_AS
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_BGP_IDENTIFIER
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_OPTIONAL_PARAMETER
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_DEPRECATED_AUTHENTICATION_FAILURE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNACCEPTABLE_HOLD_TIME
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_CAPABILITY
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNRECOGNIZED_WELL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_MISSING_WELL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_ORIGIN_ATTRIBUTE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_DEPRECATED_ROUTING_LOOP
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NEXT_HOP_ATTRIBUTE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_OPTIONAL_ATTRIBUTE_ERROR
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_HOLD_TIMER_EXPIRED
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_HOLD_TIMER_EXPIRED
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_FSM_ERROR
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_RECEIVE_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE_IN_OPENSENT_STATE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_RECEIVE_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE_IN_OPENCONFIRM_STATE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_RECEIVE_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE_IN_ESTABLISHED_STATE
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_CEASE  (RFC 4486)
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_MAXIMUM_NUMBER_OF_PREFIXES_REACHED
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_ADMINISTRATIVE_SHUTDOWN
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_PEER_DECONFIGURED
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_ADMINISTRATIVE_RESET
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_CONNECTION_REJECTED
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_OTHER_CONFIGURATION_CHANGE
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_CONNECTION_COLLISION_RESOLUTION
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_OUT_OF_RESOURCES
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_HARD_RESET //draft-ietf-idr-bgp-gr-notification-07
+)
+
+// Constants for BGP_ERROR_SUB_ADMINISTRATIVE_SHUTDOWN and BGP_ERROR_SUB_ADMINISTRATIVE_RESET
+const (
+	BGP_ERROR_ADMINISTRATIVE_COMMUNICATION_MAX = 128
+)
+
+// NOTIFICATION Error Subcode for BGP_ERROR_ROUTE_REFRESH
+const (
+	_ = iota
+	BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_MESSAGE_LENGTH
+)
+
+type NotificationErrorCode uint16
+
+func (c NotificationErrorCode) String() string {
+	code := uint8(uint16(c) >> 8)
+	subcode := uint8(uint16(c) & 0xff)
+	UNDEFINED := "undefined"
+	codeStr := UNDEFINED
+	subcodeList := []string{}
+	switch code {
+	case BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR:
+		codeStr = "header"
+		subcodeList = []string{
+			UNDEFINED,
+			"connection not synchronized",
+			"bad message length",
+			"bad message type"}
+	case BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR:
+		codeStr = "open"
+		subcodeList = []string{
+			UNDEFINED,
+			"unsupported version number",
+			"bad peer as",
+			"bad bgp identifier",
+			"unsupported optional parameter",
+			"deprecated authentication failure",
+			"unacceptable hold time",
+			"unsupported capability"}
+	case BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR:
+		codeStr = "update"
+		subcodeList = []string{
+			UNDEFINED,
+			"malformed attribute list",
+			"unrecognized well known attribute",
+			"missing well known attribute",
+			"attribute flags error",
+			"attribute length error",
+			"invalid origin attribute",
+			"deprecated routing loop",
+			"invalid next hop attribute",
+			"optional attribute error",
+			"invalid network field",
+			"sub malformed as path"}
+	case BGP_ERROR_HOLD_TIMER_EXPIRED:
+		codeStr = "hold timer expired"
+		subcodeList = []string{
+			UNDEFINED,
+			"hold timer expired"}
+	case BGP_ERROR_FSM_ERROR:
+		codeStr = "fsm"
+		subcodeList = []string{
+			UNDEFINED,
+			"receive unexpected message in opensent state",
+			"receive unexpected message in openconfirm state",
+			"receive unexpected message in established state"}
+	case BGP_ERROR_CEASE:
+		codeStr = "cease"
+		subcodeList = []string{
+			UNDEFINED,
+			"maximum number of prefixes reached",
+			"administrative shutdown",
+			"peer deconfigured",
+			"administrative reset",
+			"connection rejected",
+			"other configuration change",
+			"connection collision resolution",
+			"out of resources"}
+	case BGP_ERROR_ROUTE_REFRESH_MESSAGE_ERROR:
+		codeStr = "route refresh"
+		subcodeList = []string{"invalid message length"}
+	}
+	subcodeStr := func(idx uint8, l []string) string {
+		if len(l) == 0 || int(idx) > len(l)-1 {
+			return UNDEFINED
+		}
+		return l[idx]
+	}(subcode, subcodeList)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("code %v(%v) subcode %v(%v)", code, codeStr, subcode, subcodeStr)
+}
+
+func NewNotificationErrorCode(code, subcode uint8) NotificationErrorCode {
+	return NotificationErrorCode(uint16(code)<<8 | uint16(subcode))
+}
+
+var PathAttrFlags map[BGPAttrType]BGPAttrFlag = map[BGPAttrType]BGPAttrFlag{
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN:                   BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATH:                  BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP:                 BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:          BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LOCAL_PREF:               BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:         BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AGGREGATOR:               BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_COMMUNITIES:              BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:            BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:             BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:            BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:          BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES:     BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_PATH:                 BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_AGGREGATOR:           BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:              BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP:             BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_IP6_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES: BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AIGP:                     BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+	BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:          BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
+}
+
+// getPathAttrFlags returns BGP Path Attribute flags value from its type and
+// length (byte length of value field).
+func getPathAttrFlags(typ BGPAttrType, length int) BGPAttrFlag {
+	flags := PathAttrFlags[typ]
+	if length > 255 {
+		flags |= BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH
+	}
+	return flags
+}
+
+type PathAttributeInterface interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte, ...*MarshallingOption) error
+	Serialize(...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error)
+	Len(...*MarshallingOption) int
+	GetFlags() BGPAttrFlag
+	GetType() BGPAttrType
+	String() string
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+	Flat() map[string]string
+}
+
+type PathAttribute struct {
+	Flags  BGPAttrFlag
+	Type   BGPAttrType
+	Length uint16 // length of Value
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttribute) Len(options ...*MarshallingOption) int {
+	if p.Flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH != 0 {
+		return 4 + int(p.Length)
+	}
+	return 3 + int(p.Length)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttribute) GetFlags() BGPAttrFlag {
+	return p.Flags
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttribute) GetType() BGPAttrType {
+	return p.Type
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttribute) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) (value []byte, err error) {
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, data, "attribute header length is short")
+	}
+	p.Flags = BGPAttrFlag(data[0])
+	p.Type = BGPAttrType(data[1])
+	if eMsg := validatePathAttributeFlags(p.Type, p.Flags); eMsg != "" {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR, data, eMsg)
+	}
+
+	if p.Flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH != 0 {
+		if len(data) < 4 {
+			return nil, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, data, "attribute header length is short")
+		}
+		p.Length = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+		data = data[4:]
+	} else {
+		if len(data) < 3 {
+			return nil, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, data, "attribute header length is short")
+		}
+		p.Length = uint16(data[2])
+		data = data[3:]
+	}
+	if len(data) < int(p.Length) {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, data, "attribute value length is short")
+	}
+
+	return data[:p.Length], nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttribute) Serialize(value []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	// Note: Do not update "p.Flags" and "p.Length" to avoid data race.
+	flags := p.Flags
+	length := uint16(len(value))
+	if flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH == 0 && length > 255 {
+		flags |= BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH
+	}
+	var buf []byte
+	if flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH != 0 {
+		buf = append(make([]byte, 4), value...)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], length)
+	} else {
+		buf = append(make([]byte, 3), value...)
+		buf[2] = byte(length)
+	}
+	buf[0] = uint8(flags)
+	buf[1] = uint8(p.Type)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type PathAttributeOrigin struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value uint8
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOrigin) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 1 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "Origin attribute length is incorrect")
+	}
+	p.Value = value[0]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOrigin) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize([]byte{p.Value}, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOrigin) String() string {
+	typ := "-"
+	switch p.Value {
+	case BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_IGP:
+		typ = "i"
+	case BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_EGP:
+		typ = "e"
+	case BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_INCOMPLETE:
+		typ = "?"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Origin: %s}", typ)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOrigin) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value uint8       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeOrigin(value uint8) *PathAttributeOrigin {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN
+	return &PathAttributeOrigin{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 1,
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type AsPathParamFormat struct {
+	start     string
+	end       string
+	separator string
+}
+
+var asPathParamFormatMap = map[uint8]*AsPathParamFormat{
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET:        {"{", "}", ","},
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SEQ:        {"", "", " "},
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET: {"(", ")", " "},
+	BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ: {"[", "]", ","},
+}
+
+type AsPathParamInterface interface {
+	GetType() uint8
+	GetAS() []uint32
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Len() int
+	ASLen() int
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+}
+
+func AsPathString(aspath *PathAttributeAsPath) string {
+	s := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 64))
+	for i, param := range aspath.Value {
+		segType := param.GetType()
+		asList := param.GetAS()
+		if i != 0 {
+			s.WriteString(" ")
+		}
+
+		sep := " "
+		switch segType {
+		case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ:
+			s.WriteString("(")
+		case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET:
+			s.WriteString("[")
+			sep = ","
+		case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET:
+			s.WriteString("{")
+			sep = ","
+		}
+		for j, as := range asList {
+			s.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%d", as))
+			if j != len(asList)-1 {
+				s.WriteString(sep)
+			}
+		}
+		switch segType {
+		case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ:
+			s.WriteString(")")
+		case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET:
+			s.WriteString("]")
+		case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET:
+			s.WriteString("}")
+		}
+	}
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+type AsPathParam struct {
+	Type uint8
+	Num  uint8
+	AS   []uint16
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) GetType() uint8 {
+	return a.Type
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) GetAS() []uint32 {
+	nums := make([]uint32, 0, len(a.AS))
+	for _, as := range a.AS {
+		nums = append(nums, uint32(as))
+	}
+	return nums
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2+len(a.AS)*2)
+	buf[0] = uint8(a.Type)
+	buf[1] = a.Num
+	for j, as := range a.AS {
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2+j*2:], as)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH)
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS param header length is short")
+	}
+	a.Type = data[0]
+	a.Num = data[1]
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < int(a.Num*2) {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS param data length is short")
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < int(a.Num); i++ {
+		a.AS = append(a.AS, binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data))
+		data = data[2:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) Len() int {
+	return 2 + len(a.AS)*2
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) ASLen() int {
+	switch a.Type {
+	case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SEQ:
+		return len(a.AS)
+	case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET:
+		return 1
+	case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET, BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ:
+		return 0
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) String() string {
+	format, ok := asPathParamFormatMap[a.Type]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%v", a.AS)
+	}
+	aspath := make([]string, 0, len(a.AS))
+	for _, asn := range a.AS {
+		aspath = append(aspath, fmt.Sprintf("%d", asn))
+	}
+	s := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	s.WriteString(format.start)
+	s.WriteString(strings.Join(aspath, format.separator))
+	s.WriteString(format.end)
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+func (a *AsPathParam) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type uint8    `json:"segment_type"`
+		Num  uint8    `json:"num"`
+		AS   []uint16 `json:"asns"`
+	}{
+		Type: a.Type,
+		Num:  a.Num,
+		AS:   a.AS,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewAsPathParam(segType uint8, as []uint16) *AsPathParam {
+	return &AsPathParam{
+		Type: segType,
+		Num:  uint8(len(as)),
+		AS:   as,
+	}
+}
+
+type As4PathParam struct {
+	Type uint8
+	Num  uint8
+	AS   []uint32
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) GetType() uint8 {
+	return a.Type
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) GetAS() []uint32 {
+	return a.AS
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2+len(a.AS)*4)
+	buf[0] = a.Type
+	buf[1] = a.Num
+	for j, as := range a.AS {
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[2+j*4:], as)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH)
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS4 param header length is short")
+	}
+	a.Type = data[0]
+	a.Num = data[1]
+	data = data[2:]
+	if len(data) < int(a.Num)*4 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS4 param data length is short")
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < int(a.Num); i++ {
+		a.AS = append(a.AS, binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data))
+		data = data[4:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) Len() int {
+	return 2 + len(a.AS)*4
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) ASLen() int {
+	switch a.Type {
+	case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SEQ:
+		return len(a.AS)
+	case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET:
+		return 1
+	case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET, BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ:
+		return 0
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) String() string {
+	format, ok := asPathParamFormatMap[a.Type]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%v", a.AS)
+	}
+	aspath := make([]string, 0, len(a.AS))
+	for _, asn := range a.AS {
+		aspath = append(aspath, fmt.Sprintf("%d", asn))
+	}
+	s := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	s.WriteString(format.start)
+	s.WriteString(strings.Join(aspath, format.separator))
+	s.WriteString(format.end)
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+func (a *As4PathParam) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type uint8    `json:"segment_type"`
+		Num  uint8    `json:"num"`
+		AS   []uint32 `json:"asns"`
+	}{
+		Type: a.Type,
+		Num:  a.Num,
+		AS:   a.AS,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewAs4PathParam(segType uint8, as []uint32) *As4PathParam {
+	return &As4PathParam{
+		Type: segType,
+		Num:  uint8(len(as)),
+		AS:   as,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAsPath struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []AsPathParamInterface
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAsPath) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length == 0 {
+		// ibgp or something
+		return nil
+	}
+	isAs4, err := validateAsPathValueBytes(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		err.(*MessageError).Data, _ = p.PathAttribute.Serialize(value, options...)
+		return err
+	}
+	for len(value) > 0 {
+		var tuple AsPathParamInterface
+		if isAs4 {
+			tuple = &As4PathParam{}
+		} else {
+			tuple = &AsPathParam{}
+		}
+		err := tuple.DecodeFromBytes(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, tuple)
+		value = value[tuple.Len():]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAsPath) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, v := range p.Value {
+		vbuf, err := v.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, vbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAsPath) String() string {
+	params := make([]string, 0, len(p.Value))
+	for _, param := range p.Value {
+		params = append(params, param.String())
+	}
+	return strings.Join(params, " ")
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAsPath) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType            `json:"type"`
+		Value []AsPathParamInterface `json:"as_paths"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeAsPath(value []AsPathParamInterface) *PathAttributeAsPath {
+	var l int
+	for _, v := range value {
+		l += v.Len()
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATH
+	return &PathAttributeAsPath{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeNextHop struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value net.IP
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeNextHop) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 4 && p.Length != 16 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "nexthop length isn't correct")
+	}
+	p.Value = value
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeNextHop) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(p.Value, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeNextHop) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Nexthop: %s}", p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeNextHop) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	value := "0.0.0.0"
+	if p.Value != nil {
+		value = p.Value.String()
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value string      `json:"nexthop"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeNextHop(value string) *PathAttributeNextHop {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP
+	return &PathAttributeNextHop{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 4,
+		},
+		Value: net.ParseIP(value).To4(),
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeMultiExitDisc struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value uint32
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMultiExitDisc) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 4 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "med length isn't correct")
+	}
+	p.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMultiExitDisc) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, p.Value)
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMultiExitDisc) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Med: %d}", p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMultiExitDisc) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value uint32      `json:"metric"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeMultiExitDisc(value uint32) *PathAttributeMultiExitDisc {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC
+	return &PathAttributeMultiExitDisc{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 4,
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeLocalPref struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value uint32
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLocalPref) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 4 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "local pref length isn't correct")
+	}
+	p.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLocalPref) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, p.Value)
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLocalPref) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{LocalPref: %d}", p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLocalPref) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value uint32      `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeLocalPref(value uint32) *PathAttributeLocalPref {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LOCAL_PREF
+	return &PathAttributeLocalPref{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 4,
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAtomicAggregate struct {
+	PathAttribute
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAtomicAggregate) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	_, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "atomic aggregate should have no value")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAtomicAggregate) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(nil, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAtomicAggregate) String() string {
+	return "{AtomicAggregate}"
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAtomicAggregate) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+	}{
+		Type: p.GetType(),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeAtomicAggregate() *PathAttributeAtomicAggregate {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE
+	return &PathAttributeAtomicAggregate{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 0,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAggregatorParam struct {
+	AS      uint32
+	Askind  reflect.Kind
+	Address net.IP
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAggregator struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value PathAttributeAggregatorParam
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAggregator) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	switch p.Length {
+	case 6:
+		p.Value.Askind = reflect.Uint16
+		p.Value.AS = uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(value[0:2]))
+		p.Value.Address = value[2:]
+	case 8:
+		p.Value.Askind = reflect.Uint32
+		p.Value.AS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[0:4])
+		p.Value.Address = value[4:]
+	default:
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "aggregator length isn't correct")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAggregator) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf []byte
+	switch p.Value.Askind {
+	case reflect.Uint16:
+		buf = make([]byte, 6)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, uint16(p.Value.AS))
+		copy(buf[2:], p.Value.Address)
+	case reflect.Uint32:
+		buf = make([]byte, 8)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, p.Value.AS)
+		copy(buf[4:], p.Value.Address)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAggregator) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Aggregate: {AS: %d, Address: %s}}", p.Value.AS, p.Value.Address)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAggregator) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		AS      uint32      `json:"as"`
+		Address string      `json:"address"`
+	}{
+		Type:    p.GetType(),
+		AS:      p.Value.AS,
+		Address: p.Value.Address.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeAggregator(as interface{}, address string) *PathAttributeAggregator {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(as)
+	asKind := v.Kind()
+	var l uint16
+	switch asKind {
+	case reflect.Uint16:
+		l = 6
+	case reflect.Uint32:
+		l = 8
+	default:
+		// Invalid type
+		return nil
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AGGREGATOR
+	return &PathAttributeAggregator{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: l,
+		},
+		Value: PathAttributeAggregatorParam{
+			AS:      uint32(v.Uint()),
+			Askind:  asKind,
+			Address: net.ParseIP(address).To4(),
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeCommunities struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []uint32
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeCommunities) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length%4 != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "communities length isn't correct")
+	}
+	for len(value) >= 4 {
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value))
+		value = value[4:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeCommunities) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, len(p.Value)*4)
+	for i, v := range p.Value {
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[i*4:], v)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+type WellKnownCommunity uint32
+
+const (
+	COMMUNITY_INTERNET                   WellKnownCommunity = 0x00000000
+	COMMUNITY_PLANNED_SHUT               WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0000
+	COMMUNITY_ACCEPT_OWN                 WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0001
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v4 WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0002
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v4            WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0003
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v6 WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0004
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v6            WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0005
+	COMMUNITY_LLGR_STALE                 WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0006
+	COMMUNITY_NO_LLGR                    WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff0007
+	COMMUNITY_BLACKHOLE                  WellKnownCommunity = 0xffff029a
+	COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT                  WellKnownCommunity = 0xffffff01
+	COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERTISE               WellKnownCommunity = 0xffffff02
+	COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED        WellKnownCommunity = 0xffffff03
+	COMMUNITY_NO_PEER                    WellKnownCommunity = 0xffffff04
+)
+
+var WellKnownCommunityNameMap = map[WellKnownCommunity]string{
+	COMMUNITY_INTERNET:                   "internet",
+	COMMUNITY_PLANNED_SHUT:               "planned-shut",
+	COMMUNITY_ACCEPT_OWN:                 "accept-own",
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v4: "route-filter-translated-v4",
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v4:            "route-filter-v4",
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v6: "route-filter-translated-v6",
+	COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v6:            "route-filter-v6",
+	COMMUNITY_LLGR_STALE:                 "llgr-stale",
+	COMMUNITY_NO_LLGR:                    "no-llgr",
+	COMMUNITY_BLACKHOLE:                  "blackhole",
+	COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:                  "no-export",
+	COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERTISE:               "no-advertise",
+	COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:        "no-export-subconfed",
+	COMMUNITY_NO_PEER:                    "no-peer",
+}
+
+var WellKnownCommunityValueMap = map[string]WellKnownCommunity{
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_INTERNET]:                   COMMUNITY_INTERNET,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_PLANNED_SHUT]:               COMMUNITY_PLANNED_SHUT,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_ACCEPT_OWN]:                 COMMUNITY_ACCEPT_OWN,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v4]: COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v4,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v4]:            COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v4,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v6]: COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_TRANSLATED_v6,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v6]:            COMMUNITY_ROUTE_FILTER_v6,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_LLGR_STALE]:                 COMMUNITY_LLGR_STALE,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_NO_LLGR]:                    COMMUNITY_NO_LLGR,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT]:                  COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_BLACKHOLE]:                  COMMUNITY_BLACKHOLE,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERTISE]:               COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERTISE,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED]:        COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED,
+	WellKnownCommunityNameMap[COMMUNITY_NO_PEER]:                    COMMUNITY_NO_PEER,
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeCommunities) String() string {
+	l := []string{}
+	for _, v := range p.Value {
+		n, ok := WellKnownCommunityNameMap[WellKnownCommunity(v)]
+		if ok {
+			l = append(l, n)
+		} else {
+			l = append(l, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", (0xffff0000&v)>>16, 0xffff&v))
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Communities: %s}", strings.Join(l, ", "))
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeCommunities) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value []uint32    `json:"communities"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeCommunities(value []uint32) *PathAttributeCommunities {
+	l := len(value) * 4
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_COMMUNITIES
+	return &PathAttributeCommunities{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeOriginatorId struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value net.IP
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOriginatorId) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 4 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "originator id length isn't correct")
+	}
+	p.Value = value
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOriginatorId) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Originator: %s}", p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOriginatorId) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value string      `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeOriginatorId) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	copy(buf, p.Value)
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeOriginatorId(value string) *PathAttributeOriginatorId {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID
+	return &PathAttributeOriginatorId{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 4,
+		},
+		Value: net.ParseIP(value).To4(),
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeClusterList struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []net.IP
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeClusterList) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length%4 != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "clusterlist length isn't correct")
+	}
+	for len(value) >= 4 {
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, value[:4])
+		value = value[4:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeClusterList) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, len(p.Value)*4)
+	for i, v := range p.Value {
+		copy(buf[i*4:], v)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeClusterList) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{ClusterList: %v}", p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeClusterList) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	value := make([]string, 0, len(p.Value))
+	for _, v := range p.Value {
+		value = append(value, v.String())
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value []string    `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeClusterList(value []string) *PathAttributeClusterList {
+	l := len(value) * 4
+	list := make([]net.IP, len(value))
+	for i, v := range value {
+		list[i] = net.ParseIP(v).To4()
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_CLUSTER_LIST
+	return &PathAttributeClusterList{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: list,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeMpReachNLRI struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Nexthop          net.IP
+	LinkLocalNexthop net.IP
+	AFI              uint16
+	SAFI             uint8
+	Value            []AddrPrefixInterface
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+	eData, _ := p.PathAttribute.Serialize(value, options...)
+	if p.Length < 3 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, value, "mpreach header length is short")
+	}
+	afi := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(value[0:2])
+	safi := value[2]
+	p.AFI = afi
+	p.SAFI = safi
+	_, err = NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(afi, safi)
+	if err != nil {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD, eData, err.Error())
+	}
+	nexthoplen := int(value[3])
+	if len(value) < 4+nexthoplen {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, value, "mpreach nexthop length is short")
+	}
+	nexthopbin := value[4 : 4+nexthoplen]
+	if nexthoplen > 0 {
+		v4addrlen := 4
+		v6addrlen := 16
+		offset := 0
+		if safi == SAFI_MPLS_VPN {
+			offset = 8
+		}
+		switch nexthoplen {
+		case 2 * (offset + v6addrlen):
+			p.LinkLocalNexthop = nexthopbin[offset+v6addrlen+offset : 2*(offset+v6addrlen)]
+			fallthrough
+		case offset + v6addrlen:
+			p.Nexthop = nexthopbin[offset : offset+v6addrlen]
+		case offset + v4addrlen:
+			p.Nexthop = nexthopbin[offset : offset+v4addrlen]
+		default:
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, value, "mpreach nexthop length is incorrect")
+		}
+	}
+	value = value[4+nexthoplen:]
+	// skip reserved
+	if len(value) == 0 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, value, "no skip byte")
+	}
+	value = value[1:]
+	addpathLen := 0
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, AfiSafiToRouteFamily(afi, safi), options) {
+		addpathLen = 4
+	}
+	for len(value) > 0 {
+		prefix, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(afi, safi)
+		if err != nil {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD, eData, err.Error())
+		}
+		err = prefix.DecodeFromBytes(value, options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if prefix.Len(options...)+addpathLen > len(value) {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, value, "prefix length is incorrect")
+		}
+		value = value[prefix.Len(options...)+addpathLen:]
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, prefix)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	afi := p.AFI
+	safi := p.SAFI
+	nexthoplen := 4
+	if afi == AFI_IP6 || p.Nexthop.To4() == nil {
+		nexthoplen = 16
+	}
+	offset := 0
+	switch safi {
+	case SAFI_MPLS_VPN:
+		offset = 8
+		nexthoplen += offset
+	case SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN, SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST:
+		nexthoplen = 0
+	}
+	if p.LinkLocalNexthop != nil {
+		nexthoplen *= 2
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, 4+nexthoplen)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:], afi)
+	buf[2] = safi
+	buf[3] = uint8(nexthoplen)
+	if nexthoplen != 0 {
+		if p.Nexthop.To4() == nil {
+			copy(buf[4+offset:], p.Nexthop.To16())
+			if p.LinkLocalNexthop != nil {
+				copy(buf[4+offset+16:], p.LinkLocalNexthop.To16())
+			}
+		} else {
+			copy(buf[4+offset:], p.Nexthop)
+		}
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, make([]byte, 1)...)
+	for _, prefix := range p.Value {
+		pbuf, err := prefix.Serialize(options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	nexthop := p.Nexthop.String()
+	if p.Nexthop == nil {
+		switch p.AFI {
+		case AFI_IP:
+			nexthop = "0.0.0.0"
+		case AFI_IP6:
+			nexthop = "::"
+		default:
+			nexthop = "fictitious"
+		}
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    BGPAttrType           `json:"type"`
+		Nexthop string                `json:"nexthop"`
+		AFI     uint16                `json:"afi"`
+		SAFI    uint8                 `json:"safi"`
+		Value   []AddrPrefixInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    p.GetType(),
+		Nexthop: nexthop,
+		AFI:     p.AFI,
+		SAFI:    p.SAFI,
+		Value:   p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{MpReach(%s): {Nexthop: %s, NLRIs: %s}}", AfiSafiToRouteFamily(p.AFI, p.SAFI), p.Nexthop, p.Value)
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI(nexthop string, nlri []AddrPrefixInterface) *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI {
+	// AFI(2) + SAFI(1) + NexthopLength(1) + Nexthop(variable)
+	// + Reserved(1) + NLRI(variable)
+	l := 5
+	var afi uint16
+	var safi uint8
+	if len(nlri) > 0 {
+		afi = nlri[0].AFI()
+		safi = nlri[0].SAFI()
+	}
+	nh := net.ParseIP(nexthop)
+	if nh.To4() != nil && afi != AFI_IP6 {
+		nh = nh.To4()
+		switch safi {
+		case SAFI_MPLS_VPN:
+			l += 12
+		case SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN, SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST:
+			// Should not have Nexthop
+		default:
+			l += 4
+		}
+	} else {
+		switch safi {
+		case SAFI_MPLS_VPN:
+			l += 24
+		case SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_VPN, SAFI_FLOW_SPEC_UNICAST:
+			// Should not have Nexthop
+		default:
+			l += 16
+		}
+	}
+	var nlriLen int
+	for _, n := range nlri {
+		l += n.Len()
+		nBuf, _ := n.Serialize()
+		nlriLen += len(nBuf)
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI
+	return &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Nexthop: nh,
+		AFI:     afi,
+		SAFI:    safi,
+		Value:   nlri,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	AFI   uint16
+	SAFI  uint8
+	Value []AddrPrefixInterface
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+	eData, _ := p.PathAttribute.Serialize(value, options...)
+	if p.Length < 3 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, value, "unreach header length is incorrect")
+	}
+	afi := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(value[0:2])
+	safi := value[2]
+	_, err = NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(afi, safi)
+	if err != nil {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD, eData, err.Error())
+	}
+	value = value[3:]
+	p.AFI = afi
+	p.SAFI = safi
+	addpathLen := 0
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, AfiSafiToRouteFamily(afi, safi), options) {
+		addpathLen = 4
+	}
+	for len(value) > 0 {
+		prefix, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(afi, safi)
+		if err != nil {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD, eData, err.Error())
+		}
+		err = prefix.DecodeFromBytes(value, options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if prefix.Len(options...)+addpathLen > len(value) {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, eData, "prefix length is incorrect")
+		}
+		value = value[prefix.Len(options...)+addpathLen:]
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, prefix)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 3)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, p.AFI)
+	buf[2] = p.SAFI
+	for _, prefix := range p.Value {
+		pbuf, err := prefix.Serialize(options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType           `json:"type"`
+		AFI   uint16                `json:"afi"`
+		SAFI  uint8                 `json:"safi"`
+		Value []AddrPrefixInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		AFI:   p.AFI,
+		SAFI:  p.SAFI,
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI) String() string {
+	if len(p.Value) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("{MpUnreach(%s): {NLRIs: %s}}", AfiSafiToRouteFamily(p.AFI, p.SAFI), p.Value)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{MpUnreach(%s): End-of-Rib}", AfiSafiToRouteFamily(p.AFI, p.SAFI))
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI(nlri []AddrPrefixInterface) *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI {
+	// AFI(2) + SAFI(1) + NLRI(variable)
+	l := 3
+	var afi uint16
+	var safi uint8
+	if len(nlri) > 0 {
+		afi = nlri[0].AFI()
+		safi = nlri[0].SAFI()
+	}
+	for _, n := range nlri {
+		l += n.Len()
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI
+	return &PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		AFI:   afi,
+		SAFI:  safi,
+		Value: nlri,
+	}
+}
+
+type ExtendedCommunityInterface interface {
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+	GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType)
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+	Flat() map[string]string
+}
+
+type TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended struct {
+	SubType      ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType
+	AS           uint16
+	LocalAdmin   uint32
+	IsTransitive bool
+}
+
+func (e *TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	if e.IsTransitive {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC)
+	} else {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC)
+	}
+	buf[1] = byte(e.SubType)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:], e.AS)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:], e.LocalAdmin)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", e.AS, e.LocalAdmin)
+}
+
+func (e *TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	t := EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC
+	if !e.IsTransitive {
+		t = EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC
+	}
+	return t, e.SubType
+}
+
+func NewTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType, as uint16, localAdmin uint32, isTransitive bool) *TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended {
+	return &TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended{
+		SubType:      subtype,
+		AS:           as,
+		LocalAdmin:   localAdmin,
+		IsTransitive: isTransitive,
+	}
+}
+
+type IPv4AddressSpecificExtended struct {
+	SubType      ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType
+	IPv4         net.IP
+	LocalAdmin   uint16
+	IsTransitive bool
+}
+
+func (e *IPv4AddressSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	if e.IsTransitive {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC)
+	} else {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC)
+	}
+	buf[1] = byte(e.SubType)
+	copy(buf[2:6], e.IPv4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6:], e.LocalAdmin)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *IPv4AddressSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", e.IPv4.String(), e.LocalAdmin)
+}
+
+func (e *IPv4AddressSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *IPv4AddressSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	t := EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC
+	if !e.IsTransitive {
+		t = EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC
+	}
+	return t, e.SubType
+}
+
+func NewIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType, ip string, localAdmin uint16, isTransitive bool) *IPv4AddressSpecificExtended {
+	ipv4 := net.ParseIP(ip)
+	if ipv4.To4() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &IPv4AddressSpecificExtended{
+		SubType:      subtype,
+		IPv4:         ipv4.To4(),
+		LocalAdmin:   localAdmin,
+		IsTransitive: isTransitive,
+	}
+}
+
+type IPv6AddressSpecificExtended struct {
+	SubType      ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType
+	IPv6         net.IP
+	LocalAdmin   uint16
+	IsTransitive bool
+}
+
+func (e *IPv6AddressSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 20)
+	if e.IsTransitive {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC)
+	} else {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC)
+	}
+	buf[1] = byte(e.SubType)
+	copy(buf[2:18], e.IPv6)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[18:], e.LocalAdmin)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *IPv6AddressSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", e.IPv6.String(), e.LocalAdmin)
+}
+
+func (e *IPv6AddressSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *IPv6AddressSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	t := EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC
+	if !e.IsTransitive {
+		t = EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC
+	}
+	return t, e.SubType
+}
+
+func NewIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType, ip string, localAdmin uint16, isTransitive bool) *IPv6AddressSpecificExtended {
+	ipv6 := net.ParseIP(ip)
+	if ipv6.To16() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &IPv6AddressSpecificExtended{
+		SubType:      subtype,
+		IPv6:         ipv6.To16(),
+		LocalAdmin:   localAdmin,
+		IsTransitive: isTransitive,
+	}
+}
+
+type FourOctetAsSpecificExtended struct {
+	SubType      ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType
+	AS           uint32
+	LocalAdmin   uint16
+	IsTransitive bool
+}
+
+func (e *FourOctetAsSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	if e.IsTransitive {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC)
+	} else {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC)
+	}
+	buf[1] = byte(e.SubType)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[2:], e.AS)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6:], e.LocalAdmin)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *FourOctetAsSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, e.AS)
+	asUpper := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(buf[0:2])
+	asLower := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(buf[2:])
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d.%d:%d", asUpper, asLower, e.LocalAdmin)
+}
+
+func (e *FourOctetAsSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *FourOctetAsSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	t := EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC
+	if !e.IsTransitive {
+		t = EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC
+	}
+	return t, e.SubType
+}
+
+func NewFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType, as uint32, localAdmin uint16, isTransitive bool) *FourOctetAsSpecificExtended {
+	return &FourOctetAsSpecificExtended{
+		SubType:      subtype,
+		AS:           as,
+		LocalAdmin:   localAdmin,
+		IsTransitive: isTransitive,
+	}
+}
+
+func ParseExtendedCommunity(subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType, com string) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	if subtype == EC_SUBTYPE_ORIGIN_VALIDATION {
+		var state ValidationState
+		switch com {
+		case VALIDATION_STATE_VALID.String():
+			state = VALIDATION_STATE_VALID
+		case VALIDATION_STATE_NOT_FOUND.String():
+			state = VALIDATION_STATE_NOT_FOUND
+		case VALIDATION_STATE_INVALID.String():
+			state = VALIDATION_STATE_INVALID
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid validation state")
+		}
+		return &ValidationExtended{
+			State: state,
+		}, nil
+	}
+	elems, err := parseRdAndRt(com)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	localAdmin, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[10], 10, 32)
+	ip := net.ParseIP(elems[1])
+	isTransitive := true
+	switch {
+	case ip.To4() != nil:
+		return NewIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(subtype, elems[1], uint16(localAdmin), isTransitive), nil
+	case ip.To16() != nil:
+		return NewIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(subtype, elems[1], uint16(localAdmin), isTransitive), nil
+	case elems[6] == "" && elems[7] == "":
+		asn, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[8], 10, 16)
+		return NewTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(subtype, uint16(asn), uint32(localAdmin), isTransitive), nil
+	default:
+		fst, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[7], 10, 16)
+		snd, _ := strconv.ParseUint(elems[8], 10, 16)
+		asn := fst<<16 | snd
+		return NewFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(subtype, uint32(asn), uint16(localAdmin), isTransitive), nil
+	}
+}
+
+func ParseRouteTarget(rt string) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	return ParseExtendedCommunity(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, rt)
+}
+
+func SerializeExtendedCommunities(comms []ExtendedCommunityInterface) ([][]byte, error) {
+	var bufs [][]byte
+	var err error
+	for _, c := range comms {
+		buf, err := c.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		bufs = append(bufs, buf)
+	}
+	return bufs, err
+}
+
+type ValidationState uint8
+
+const (
+	VALIDATION_STATE_VALID     ValidationState = 0
+	VALIDATION_STATE_NOT_FOUND ValidationState = 1
+	VALIDATION_STATE_INVALID   ValidationState = 2
+)
+
+func (s ValidationState) String() string {
+	switch s {
+	case VALIDATION_STATE_VALID:
+		return "valid"
+	case VALIDATION_STATE_NOT_FOUND:
+		return "not-found"
+	case VALIDATION_STATE_INVALID:
+		return "invalid"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("unknown validation state(%d)", s)
+}
+
+type ValidationExtended struct {
+	State ValidationState
+}
+
+func (e *ValidationExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	typ, subType := e.GetTypes()
+	buf[0] = byte(typ)
+	buf[1] = byte(subType)
+	buf[7] = byte(e.State)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ValidationExtended) String() string {
+	return e.State.String()
+}
+
+func (e *ValidationExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE, EC_SUBTYPE_ORIGIN_VALIDATION
+}
+
+func (e *ValidationExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		SubType ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		State   ValidationState              `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		SubType: s,
+		State:   e.State,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewValidationExtended(state ValidationState) *ValidationExtended {
+	return &ValidationExtended{
+		State: state,
+	}
+}
+
+type ColorExtended struct {
+	Color uint32
+}
+
+func (e *ColorExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	typ, subType := e.GetTypes()
+	buf[0] = byte(typ)
+	buf[1] = byte(subType)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:8], uint32(e.Color))
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ColorExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", e.Color)
+}
+
+func (e *ColorExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE, EC_SUBTYPE_COLOR
+}
+
+func (e *ColorExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		SubType ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Color   uint32                       `json:"color"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		SubType: s,
+		Color:   e.Color,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewColorExtended(color uint32) *ColorExtended {
+	return &ColorExtended{
+		Color: color,
+	}
+}
+
+type EncapExtended struct {
+	TunnelType TunnelType
+}
+
+func (e *EncapExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	typ, subType := e.GetTypes()
+	buf[0] = byte(typ)
+	buf[1] = byte(subType)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6:8], uint16(e.TunnelType))
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EncapExtended) String() string {
+	switch e.TunnelType {
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_L2TP3:
+		return "L2TPv3 over IP"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE:
+		return "GRE"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_IP_IN_IP:
+		return "IP in IP"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN:
+		return "VXLAN"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_NVGRE:
+		return "NVGRE"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS:
+		return "MPLS"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS_IN_GRE:
+		return "MPLS in GRE"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN_GRE:
+		return "VXLAN GRE"
+	case TUNNEL_TYPE_MPLS_IN_UDP:
+		return "MPLS in UDP"
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("tunnel: %d", e.TunnelType)
+	}
+}
+
+func (e *EncapExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE, EC_SUBTYPE_ENCAPSULATION
+}
+
+func (e *EncapExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type       ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		SubType    ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		TunnelType TunnelType                   `json:"tunnel_type"`
+	}{
+		Type:       t,
+		SubType:    s,
+		TunnelType: e.TunnelType,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewEncapExtended(tunnelType TunnelType) *EncapExtended {
+	return &EncapExtended{
+		TunnelType: tunnelType,
+	}
+}
+
+type DefaultGatewayExtended struct {
+}
+
+func (e *DefaultGatewayExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	typ, subType := e.GetTypes()
+	buf[0] = byte(typ)
+	buf[1] = byte(subType)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *DefaultGatewayExtended) String() string {
+	return "default-gateway"
+}
+
+func (e *DefaultGatewayExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE, EC_SUBTYPE_DEFAULT_GATEWAY
+}
+
+func (e *DefaultGatewayExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		SubType ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		SubType: s,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewDefaultGatewayExtended() *DefaultGatewayExtended {
+	return &DefaultGatewayExtended{}
+}
+
+type OpaqueExtended struct {
+	IsTransitive bool
+	Value        []byte
+}
+
+func (e *OpaqueExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(e.Value) != 7 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid value length for opaque extended community: %d", len(e.Value))
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	if e.IsTransitive {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE)
+	} else {
+		buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE)
+	}
+	copy(buf[1:], e.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *OpaqueExtended) String() string {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	copy(buf[1:], e.Value)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", binary.BigEndian.Uint64(buf))
+}
+
+func (e *OpaqueExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	var subType ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType
+	if len(e.Value) > 0 {
+		// Use the first byte of value as the sub type
+		subType = ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(e.Value[0])
+	}
+	if e.IsTransitive {
+		return EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE, subType
+	}
+	return EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE, subType
+}
+
+func (e *OpaqueExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   []byte                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewOpaqueExtended(isTransitive bool, value []byte) *OpaqueExtended {
+	v := make([]byte, 7)
+	copy(v, value)
+	return &OpaqueExtended{
+		IsTransitive: isTransitive,
+		Value:        v,
+	}
+}
+
+func parseOpaqueExtended(data []byte) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	typ := ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0])
+	isTransitive := false
+	switch typ {
+	case EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE:
+		isTransitive = true
+	case EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE:
+		// isTransitive = false
+	default:
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("invalid opaque extended community type: %d", data[0]))
+	}
+	subType := ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(data[1])
+
+	if isTransitive {
+		switch subType {
+		case EC_SUBTYPE_COLOR:
+			return &ColorExtended{
+				Color: binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8]),
+			}, nil
+		case EC_SUBTYPE_ENCAPSULATION:
+			return &EncapExtended{
+				TunnelType: TunnelType(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8])),
+			}, nil
+		case EC_SUBTYPE_DEFAULT_GATEWAY:
+			return &DefaultGatewayExtended{}, nil
+		}
+	} else {
+		switch subType {
+		case EC_SUBTYPE_ORIGIN_VALIDATION:
+			return &ValidationExtended{
+				State: ValidationState(data[7]),
+			}, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return NewOpaqueExtended(isTransitive, data[1:8]), nil
+}
+
+type ESILabelExtended struct {
+	Label          uint32
+	IsSingleActive bool
+}
+
+func (e *ESILabelExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_EVPN)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_ESI_LABEL)
+	if e.IsSingleActive {
+		buf[2] = byte(1)
+	}
+	buf[3] = 0
+	buf[4] = 0
+	buf[5] = byte((e.Label >> 16) & 0xff)
+	buf[6] = byte((e.Label >> 8) & 0xff)
+	buf[7] = byte(e.Label & 0xff)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ESILabelExtended) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("esi-label: %d", e.Label))
+	if e.IsSingleActive {
+		buf.WriteString(", single-active")
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (e *ESILabelExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type           ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype        ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Label          uint32                       `json:"label"`
+		IsSingleActive bool                         `json:"is_single_active"`
+	}{
+		Type:           t,
+		Subtype:        s,
+		Label:          e.Label,
+		IsSingleActive: e.IsSingleActive,
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *ESILabelExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_EVPN, EC_SUBTYPE_ESI_LABEL
+}
+
+func NewESILabelExtended(label uint32, isSingleActive bool) *ESILabelExtended {
+	return &ESILabelExtended{
+		Label:          label,
+		IsSingleActive: isSingleActive,
+	}
+}
+
+type ESImportRouteTarget struct {
+	ESImport net.HardwareAddr
+}
+
+func (e *ESImportRouteTarget) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_EVPN)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_ES_IMPORT)
+	copy(buf[2:], e.ESImport)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ESImportRouteTarget) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("es-import rt: %s", e.ESImport.String())
+}
+
+func (e *ESImportRouteTarget) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.ESImport.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *ESImportRouteTarget) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_EVPN, EC_SUBTYPE_ES_IMPORT
+}
+
+func NewESImportRouteTarget(mac string) *ESImportRouteTarget {
+	esImport, err := net.ParseMAC(mac)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &ESImportRouteTarget{
+		ESImport: esImport,
+	}
+}
+
+type MacMobilityExtended struct {
+	Sequence uint32
+	IsSticky bool
+}
+
+func (e *MacMobilityExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_EVPN)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_MAC_MOBILITY)
+	if e.IsSticky {
+		buf[2] = byte(1)
+	}
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:], e.Sequence)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *MacMobilityExtended) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("mac-mobility: %d", e.Sequence))
+	if e.IsSticky {
+		buf.WriteString(", sticky")
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (e *MacMobilityExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type     ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype  ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Sequence uint32                       `json:"sequence"`
+		IsSticky bool                         `json:"is_sticky"`
+	}{
+		Type:     t,
+		Subtype:  s,
+		Sequence: e.Sequence,
+		IsSticky: e.IsSticky,
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *MacMobilityExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_EVPN, EC_SUBTYPE_MAC_MOBILITY
+}
+
+func NewMacMobilityExtended(seq uint32, isSticky bool) *MacMobilityExtended {
+	return &MacMobilityExtended{
+		Sequence: seq,
+		IsSticky: isSticky,
+	}
+}
+
+type RouterMacExtended struct {
+	Mac net.HardwareAddr
+}
+
+func (e *RouterMacExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_EVPN)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTER_MAC)
+	buf = append(buf, e.Mac...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *RouterMacExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("router's mac: %s", e.Mac.String())
+}
+
+func (e *RouterMacExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Mac     string                       `json:"mac"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Mac:     e.Mac.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *RouterMacExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_EVPN, EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTER_MAC
+}
+
+func NewRoutersMacExtended(mac string) *RouterMacExtended {
+	hw, err := net.ParseMAC(mac)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &RouterMacExtended{
+		Mac: hw,
+	}
+}
+
+func parseEvpnExtended(data []byte) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	if ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0]) != EC_TYPE_EVPN {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("ext comm type is not EC_TYPE_EVPN: %d", data[0]))
+	}
+	subType := ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(data[1])
+	switch subType {
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_ESI_LABEL:
+		var isSingleActive bool
+		if data[2] > 0 {
+			isSingleActive = true
+		}
+		label := uint32(data[5])<<16 | uint32(data[6])<<8 | uint32(data[7])
+		return &ESILabelExtended{
+			IsSingleActive: isSingleActive,
+			Label:          label,
+		}, nil
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_ES_IMPORT:
+		return &ESImportRouteTarget{
+			ESImport: net.HardwareAddr(data[2:8]),
+		}, nil
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_MAC_MOBILITY:
+		var isSticky bool
+		if data[2] > 0 {
+			isSticky = true
+		}
+		seq := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+		return &MacMobilityExtended{
+			Sequence: seq,
+			IsSticky: isSticky,
+		}, nil
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTER_MAC:
+		return &RouterMacExtended{
+			Mac: net.HardwareAddr(data[2:8]),
+		}, nil
+	}
+	return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("unknown evpn subtype: %d", subType))
+}
+
+type TrafficRateExtended struct {
+	AS   uint16
+	Rate float32
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRateExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_RATE)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], e.AS)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:8], math.Float32bits(e.Rate))
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRateExtended) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	if e.Rate == 0 {
+		buf.WriteString("discard")
+	} else {
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("rate: %f", e.Rate))
+	}
+	if e.AS != 0 {
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("(as: %d)", e.AS))
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRateExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		As      uint16                       `json:"as"`
+		Rate    float32                      `json:"rate"`
+	}{t, s, e.AS, e.Rate})
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRateExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_RATE
+}
+
+func NewTrafficRateExtended(as uint16, rate float32) *TrafficRateExtended {
+	return &TrafficRateExtended{
+		AS:   as,
+		Rate: rate,
+	}
+}
+
+type TrafficActionExtended struct {
+	Terminal bool
+	Sample   bool
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficActionExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_ACTION)
+	if e.Terminal {
+		buf[7] = 0x01
+	}
+	if e.Sample {
+		buf[7] = buf[7] | 0x2
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficActionExtended) String() string {
+	ss := make([]string, 0, 2)
+	if e.Terminal {
+		ss = append(ss, "terminal")
+	}
+	if e.Sample {
+		ss = append(ss, "sample")
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("action: %s", strings.Join(ss, "-"))
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficActionExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type     ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype  ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Terminal bool                         `json:"terminal"`
+		Sample   bool                         `json:"sample"`
+	}{t, s, e.Terminal, e.Sample})
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficActionExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_ACTION
+}
+
+func NewTrafficActionExtended(terminal bool, sample bool) *TrafficActionExtended {
+	return &TrafficActionExtended{
+		Terminal: terminal,
+		Sample:   sample,
+	}
+}
+
+type RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended struct {
+	TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := e.TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended.Serialize()
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT)
+	return buf, err
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("redirect: %s", e.TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended.String())
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{t, s, e.TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended.String()})
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT
+}
+
+func NewRedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(as uint16, localAdmin uint32) *RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended {
+	return &RedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended{*NewTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, as, localAdmin, false)}
+}
+
+type RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended struct {
+	IPv4AddressSpecificExtended
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := e.IPv4AddressSpecificExtended.Serialize()
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT)
+	return buf, err
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("redirect: %s", e.IPv4AddressSpecificExtended.String())
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{t, s, e.IPv4AddressSpecificExtended.String()})
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT
+}
+
+func NewRedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(ipv4 string, localAdmin uint16) *RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended {
+	e := NewIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, ipv4, localAdmin, false)
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended{*e}
+}
+
+type RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended struct {
+	IPv6AddressSpecificExtended
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := e.IPv6AddressSpecificExtended.Serialize()
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT_IP6)
+	return buf, err
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("redirect: %s", e.IPv6AddressSpecificExtended.String())
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{t, s, e.IPv6AddressSpecificExtended.String()})
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT_IP6
+}
+
+func NewRedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(ipv6 string, localAdmin uint16) *RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended {
+	e := NewIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, ipv6, localAdmin, false)
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended{*e}
+}
+
+type RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended struct {
+	FourOctetAsSpecificExtended
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := e.FourOctetAsSpecificExtended.Serialize()
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT)
+	return buf, err
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("redirect: %s", e.FourOctetAsSpecificExtended.String())
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   string                       `json:"value"`
+	}{t, s, e.FourOctetAsSpecificExtended.String()})
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT
+}
+
+func NewRedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(as uint32, localAdmin uint16) *RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended {
+	return &RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended{*NewFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, as, localAdmin, false)}
+}
+
+type TrafficRemarkExtended struct {
+	DSCP uint8
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRemarkExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_REMARK)
+	buf[7] = byte(e.DSCP)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRemarkExtended) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("remark: %d", e.DSCP)
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRemarkExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   uint8                        `json:"value"`
+	}{t, s, e.DSCP})
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRemarkExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	return EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL, EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_REMARK
+}
+
+func NewTrafficRemarkExtended(dscp uint8) *TrafficRemarkExtended {
+	return &TrafficRemarkExtended{
+		DSCP: dscp,
+	}
+}
+
+func parseFlowSpecExtended(data []byte) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	typ := ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0])
+	if typ != EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL && typ != EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2 && typ != EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3 {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("ext comm type is not EC_TYPE_FLOWSPEC: %d", data[0]))
+	}
+	subType := ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(data[1])
+	switch subType {
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_RATE:
+		asn := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+		bits := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+		rate := math.Float32frombits(bits)
+		return NewTrafficRateExtended(asn, rate), nil
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_ACTION:
+		terminal := data[7]&0x1 == 1
+		sample := (data[7]>>1)&0x1 == 1
+		return NewTrafficActionExtended(terminal, sample), nil
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT:
+		// RFC7674
+		switch typ {
+		case EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL:
+			as := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+			localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+			return NewRedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(as, localAdmin), nil
+		case EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2:
+			ipv4 := net.IP(data[2:6]).String()
+			localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8])
+			return NewRedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(ipv4, localAdmin), nil
+		case EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3:
+			as := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[2:6])
+			localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8])
+			return NewRedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(as, localAdmin), nil
+		}
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_TRAFFIC_REMARK:
+		dscp := data[7]
+		return NewTrafficRemarkExtended(dscp), nil
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT_IP6:
+		ipv6 := net.IP(data[2:18]).String()
+		localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[18:20])
+		return NewRedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(ipv6, localAdmin), nil
+	}
+	return &UnknownExtended{
+		Type:  ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0]),
+		Value: data[1:8],
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func parseIP6FlowSpecExtended(data []byte) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	typ := ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0])
+	if typ != EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL && typ != EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2 && typ != EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3 {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("ext comm type is not EC_TYPE_FLOWSPEC: %d", data[0]))
+	}
+	subType := ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(data[1])
+	switch subType {
+	case EC_SUBTYPE_FLOWSPEC_REDIRECT_IP6:
+		// RFC7674
+		switch typ {
+		case EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL:
+			ipv6 := net.IP(data[2:18]).String()
+			localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[18:20])
+			return NewRedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(ipv6, localAdmin), nil
+		}
+	}
+	return &UnknownExtended{
+		Type:  ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0]),
+		Value: data[1:20],
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type UnknownExtended struct {
+	Type  ExtendedCommunityAttrType
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (e *UnknownExtended) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(e.Value) != 7 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid value length for unknown extended community: %d", len(e.Value))
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = uint8(e.Type)
+	copy(buf[1:], e.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (e *UnknownExtended) String() string {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	copy(buf[1:], e.Value)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", binary.BigEndian.Uint64(buf))
+}
+
+func (e *UnknownExtended) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	t, s := e.GetTypes()
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    ExtendedCommunityAttrType    `json:"type"`
+		Subtype ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType `json:"subtype"`
+		Value   []byte                       `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:    t,
+		Subtype: s,
+		Value:   e.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *UnknownExtended) GetTypes() (ExtendedCommunityAttrType, ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType) {
+	var subType ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType
+	if len(e.Value) > 0 {
+		// Use the first byte of value as the sub type
+		subType = ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(e.Value[0])
+	}
+	return e.Type, subType
+}
+
+func NewUnknownExtended(typ ExtendedCommunityAttrType, value []byte) *UnknownExtended {
+	v := make([]byte, 7)
+	copy(v, value)
+	return &UnknownExtended{
+		Type:  typ,
+		Value: v,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeExtendedCommunities struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []ExtendedCommunityInterface
+}
+
+func ParseExtended(data []byte) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	if len(data) < 8 {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all extended community bytes are available")
+	}
+	attrType := ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0])
+	subtype := ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(data[1])
+	transitive := false
+	switch attrType {
+	case EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC:
+		transitive = true
+		fallthrough
+	case EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC:
+		as := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+		localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+		return NewTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(subtype, as, localAdmin, transitive), nil
+	case EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC:
+		transitive = true
+		fallthrough
+	case EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC:
+		ipv4 := net.IP(data[2:6]).String()
+		localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8])
+		return NewIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(subtype, ipv4, localAdmin, transitive), nil
+	case EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC:
+		transitive = true
+		fallthrough
+	case EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC:
+		as := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[2:6])
+		localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8])
+		return NewFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(subtype, as, localAdmin, transitive), nil
+	case EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE:
+		transitive = true
+		fallthrough
+	case EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE:
+		return parseOpaqueExtended(data)
+	case EC_TYPE_EVPN:
+		return parseEvpnExtended(data)
+	case EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL, EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL2, EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL3:
+		return parseFlowSpecExtended(data)
+	default:
+		return &UnknownExtended{
+			Type:  ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0]),
+			Value: data[1:8],
+		}, nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeExtendedCommunities) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length%8 != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "extendedcommunities length isn't correct")
+	}
+	for len(value) >= 8 {
+		e, err := ParseExtended(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, e)
+		value = value[8:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeExtendedCommunities) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, p := range p.Value {
+		ebuf, err := p.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, ebuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeExtendedCommunities) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	for idx, v := range p.Value {
+		buf.WriteString("[")
+		buf.WriteString(v.String())
+		buf.WriteString("]")
+		if idx < len(p.Value)-1 {
+			buf.WriteString(", ")
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Extcomms: %s}", buf.String())
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeExtendedCommunities) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType                  `json:"type"`
+		Value []ExtendedCommunityInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeExtendedCommunities(value []ExtendedCommunityInterface) *PathAttributeExtendedCommunities {
+	l := len(value) * 8
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES
+	return &PathAttributeExtendedCommunities{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAs4Path struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []*As4PathParam
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Path) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+	isAs4, err := validateAsPathValueBytes(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !isAs4 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS4 PATH param is malformed")
+	}
+
+	for len(value) > 0 {
+		tuple := &As4PathParam{}
+		tuple.DecodeFromBytes(value)
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, tuple)
+		if len(value) < tuple.Len() {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS4 PATH param is malformed")
+		}
+		value = value[tuple.Len():]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Path) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, v := range p.Value {
+		vbuf, err := v.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, vbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Path) String() string {
+	params := make([]string, 0, len(p.Value))
+	for _, param := range p.Value {
+		params = append(params, param.String())
+	}
+	return strings.Join(params, " ")
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Path) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType     `json:"type"`
+		Value []*As4PathParam `json:"as_paths"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeAs4Path(value []*As4PathParam) *PathAttributeAs4Path {
+	var l int
+	for _, v := range value {
+		l += v.Len()
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_PATH
+	return &PathAttributeAs4Path{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAs4Aggregator struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value PathAttributeAggregatorParam
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Aggregator) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length != 8 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS4 Aggregator length is incorrect")
+	}
+	p.Value.AS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[0:4])
+	p.Value.Address = value[4:]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Aggregator) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[0:], p.Value.AS)
+	copy(buf[4:], p.Value.Address.To4())
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Aggregator) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{As4Aggregator: {AS: %d, Address: %s}}", p.Value.AS, p.Value.Address)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAs4Aggregator) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type    BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		AS      uint32      `json:"as"`
+		Address string      `json:"address"`
+	}{
+		Type:    p.GetType(),
+		AS:      p.Value.AS,
+		Address: p.Value.Address.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeAs4Aggregator(as uint32, address string) *PathAttributeAs4Aggregator {
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_AGGREGATOR
+	return &PathAttributeAs4Aggregator{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  PathAttrFlags[t],
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 8,
+		},
+		Value: PathAttributeAggregatorParam{
+			AS:      as,
+			Address: net.ParseIP(address).To4(),
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapSubTLVInterface interface {
+	Len() int
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapSubTLV struct {
+	Type   EncapSubTLVType
+	Length uint16
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLV) Len() int {
+	if t.Type >= 0x80 {
+		return 3 + int(t.Length)
+	}
+	return 2 + int(t.Length)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLV) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) (value []byte, err error) {
+	t.Type = EncapSubTLVType(data[0])
+	if t.Type >= 0x80 {
+		t.Length = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
+		data = data[3:]
+	} else {
+		t.Length = uint16(data[1])
+		data = data[2:]
+	}
+	if len(data) < int(t.Length) {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all TunnelEncapSubTLV bytes available")
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLV) Serialize(value []byte) (buf []byte, err error) {
+	t.Length = uint16(len(value))
+	if t.Type >= 0x80 {
+		buf = append(make([]byte, 3), value...)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:3], t.Length)
+	} else {
+		buf = append(make([]byte, 2), value...)
+		buf[1] = uint8(t.Length)
+	}
+	buf[0] = uint8(t.Type)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown struct {
+	TunnelEncapSubTLV
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	value, err := t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	t.Value = value
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	return t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.Serialize(t.Value)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Type: %d, Value: %x}", t.Type, t.Value)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  EncapSubTLVType `json:"type"`
+		Value []byte          `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  t.Type,
+		Value: t.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewTunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown(typ EncapSubTLVType, value []byte) *TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown {
+	return &TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown{
+		TunnelEncapSubTLV: TunnelEncapSubTLV{
+			Type: typ,
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation struct {
+	TunnelEncapSubTLV
+	Key    uint32 // this represent both SessionID for L2TPv3 case and GRE-key for GRE case (RFC5512 4.)
+	Cookie []byte
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	value, err := t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if t.Length < 4 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation bytes available")
+	}
+	t.Key = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[0:4])
+	t.Cookie = value[4:]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, t.Key)
+	buf = append(buf, t.Cookie...)
+	return t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.Serialize(buf)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Key: %d, Cookie: %x}", t.Key, t.Cookie)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type   EncapSubTLVType `json:"type"`
+		Key    uint32          `json:"key"`
+		Cookie []byte          `json:"cookie"`
+	}{
+		Type:   t.Type,
+		Key:    t.Key,
+		Cookie: t.Cookie,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewTunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation(key uint32, cookie []byte) *TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation {
+	return &TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation{
+		TunnelEncapSubTLV: TunnelEncapSubTLV{
+			Type: ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_ENCAPSULATION,
+		},
+		Key:    key,
+		Cookie: cookie,
+	}
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol struct {
+	TunnelEncapSubTLV
+	Protocol uint16
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	value, err := t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if t.Length < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Not all TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol bytes available")
+	}
+	t.Protocol = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(value[0:2])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, t.Protocol)
+	return t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.Serialize(buf)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Protocol: %d}", t.Protocol)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type     EncapSubTLVType `json:"type"`
+		Protocol uint16          `json:"protocol"`
+	}{
+		Type:     t.Type,
+		Protocol: t.Protocol,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewTunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol(protocol uint16) *TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol {
+	return &TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol{
+		TunnelEncapSubTLV: TunnelEncapSubTLV{
+			Type: ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_PROTOCOL,
+		},
+		Protocol: protocol,
+	}
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapSubTLVColor struct {
+	TunnelEncapSubTLV
+	Color uint32
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVColor) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	value, err := t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if t.Length != 8 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "Invalid TunnelEncapSubTLVColor length")
+	}
+	t.Color = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[4:8])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVColor) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_COLOR)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:8], t.Color)
+	return t.TunnelEncapSubTLV.Serialize(buf)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVColor) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Color: %d}", t.Color)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapSubTLVColor) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  EncapSubTLVType `json:"type"`
+		Color uint32          `json:"color"`
+	}{
+		Type:  t.Type,
+		Color: t.Color,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewTunnelEncapSubTLVColor(color uint32) *TunnelEncapSubTLVColor {
+	return &TunnelEncapSubTLVColor{
+		TunnelEncapSubTLV: TunnelEncapSubTLV{
+			Type: ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_COLOR,
+		},
+		Color: color,
+	}
+}
+
+type TunnelEncapTLV struct {
+	Type   TunnelType
+	Length uint16
+	Value  []TunnelEncapSubTLVInterface
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapTLV) Len() int {
+	var l int
+	for _, v := range t.Value {
+		l += v.Len()
+	}
+	return 4 + l // Type(2) + Length(2) + Value(variable)
+}
+
+func (t *TunnelEncapTLV) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	t.Type = TunnelType(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]))
+	t.Length = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+	data = data[4:]
+	if len(data) < int(t.Length) {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Not all TunnelEncapTLV bytes available"))
+	}
+	value := data[:t.Length]
+	for len(value) > 2 {
+		subType := EncapSubTLVType(value[0])
+		var subTlv TunnelEncapSubTLVInterface
+		switch subType {
+		case ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_ENCAPSULATION:
+			subTlv = &TunnelEncapSubTLVEncapsulation{}
+		case ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_PROTOCOL:
+			subTlv = &TunnelEncapSubTLVProtocol{}
+		case ENCAP_SUBTLV_TYPE_COLOR:
+			subTlv = &TunnelEncapSubTLVColor{}
+		default:
+			subTlv = &TunnelEncapSubTLVUnknown{
+				TunnelEncapSubTLV: TunnelEncapSubTLV{
+					Type: subType,
+				},
+			}
+		}
+		err := subTlv.DecodeFromBytes(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		t.Value = append(t.Value, subTlv)
+		value = value[subTlv.Len():]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *TunnelEncapTLV) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	for _, t := range p.Value {
+		tBuf, err := t.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, tBuf...)
+	}
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, uint16(p.Type))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:], uint16(len(buf)-4))
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (p *TunnelEncapTLV) String() string {
+	tlvList := make([]string, len(p.Value))
+	for i, v := range p.Value {
+		tlvList[i] = v.String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{%s: %s}", p.Type, strings.Join(tlvList, ", "))
+}
+
+func (p *TunnelEncapTLV) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  TunnelType                   `json:"type"`
+		Value []TunnelEncapSubTLVInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.Type,
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewTunnelEncapTLV(typ TunnelType, value []TunnelEncapSubTLVInterface) *TunnelEncapTLV {
+	return &TunnelEncapTLV{
+		Type:  typ,
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeTunnelEncap struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []*TunnelEncapTLV
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeTunnelEncap) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for len(value) > 4 {
+		tlv := &TunnelEncapTLV{}
+		err = tlv.DecodeFromBytes(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, tlv)
+		value = value[4+tlv.Length:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeTunnelEncap) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, t := range p.Value {
+		bbuf, err := t.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeTunnelEncap) String() string {
+	tlvList := make([]string, len(p.Value))
+	for i, v := range p.Value {
+		tlvList[i] = v.String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{TunnelEncap: %s}", strings.Join(tlvList, ", "))
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeTunnelEncap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType       `json:"type"`
+		Value []*TunnelEncapTLV `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.Type,
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeTunnelEncap(value []*TunnelEncapTLV) *PathAttributeTunnelEncap {
+	var l int
+	for _, v := range value {
+		l += v.Len()
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP
+	return &PathAttributeTunnelEncap{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type PmsiTunnelIDInterface interface {
+	Len() int
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+}
+
+type DefaultPmsiTunnelID struct {
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (i *DefaultPmsiTunnelID) Len() int {
+	return len(i.Value)
+}
+
+func (i *DefaultPmsiTunnelID) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	return i.Value, nil
+}
+
+func (i *DefaultPmsiTunnelID) String() string {
+	return string(i.Value)
+}
+
+func NewDefaultPmsiTunnelID(value []byte) *DefaultPmsiTunnelID {
+	return &DefaultPmsiTunnelID{
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type IngressReplTunnelID struct {
+	Value net.IP
+}
+
+func (i *IngressReplTunnelID) Len() int {
+	return len(i.Value)
+}
+
+func (i *IngressReplTunnelID) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	if i.Value.To4() != nil {
+		return []byte(i.Value.To4()), nil
+	}
+	return []byte(i.Value), nil
+}
+
+func (i *IngressReplTunnelID) String() string {
+	return i.Value.String()
+}
+
+func NewIngressReplTunnelID(value string) *IngressReplTunnelID {
+	ip := net.ParseIP(value)
+	if ip == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &IngressReplTunnelID{
+		Value: ip,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributePmsiTunnel struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	IsLeafInfoRequired bool
+	TunnelType         PmsiTunnelType
+	Label              uint32
+	TunnelID           PmsiTunnelIDInterface
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributePmsiTunnel) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length < 5 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "PMSI Tunnel length is incorrect")
+	}
+
+	if (value[0] & 0x01) > 0 {
+		p.IsLeafInfoRequired = true
+	}
+	p.TunnelType = PmsiTunnelType(value[1])
+	if p.Label, err = labelDecode(value[2:5]); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	switch p.TunnelType {
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_INGRESS_REPL:
+		p.TunnelID = &IngressReplTunnelID{net.IP(value[5:])}
+	default:
+		p.TunnelID = &DefaultPmsiTunnelID{value[5:]}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributePmsiTunnel) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	if p.IsLeafInfoRequired {
+		buf[0] = 0x01
+	}
+	buf[1] = byte(p.TunnelType)
+	tbuf, err := labelSerialize(p.Label)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	tbuf, err = p.TunnelID.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, tbuf...)
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributePmsiTunnel) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("{Pmsi: type: %s,", p.TunnelType))
+	if p.IsLeafInfoRequired {
+		buf.WriteString(" leaf-info-required,")
+	}
+	buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf(" label: %d, tunnel-id: %s}", p.Label, p.TunnelID))
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributePmsiTunnel) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type               BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		IsLeafInfoRequired bool        `json:"is-leaf-info-required"`
+		TunnelType         uint8       `json:"tunnel-type"`
+		Label              uint32      `json:"label"`
+		TunnelID           string      `json:"tunnel-id"`
+	}{
+		Type:               p.Type,
+		IsLeafInfoRequired: p.IsLeafInfoRequired,
+		TunnelType:         uint8(p.TunnelType),
+		Label:              p.Label,
+		TunnelID:           p.TunnelID.String(),
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributePmsiTunnel(typ PmsiTunnelType, isLeafInfoRequired bool, label uint32, id PmsiTunnelIDInterface) *PathAttributePmsiTunnel {
+	// Flags(1) + TunnelType(1) + Label(3) + TunnelID(variable)
+	l := 5 + id.Len()
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL
+	return &PathAttributePmsiTunnel{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		IsLeafInfoRequired: isLeafInfoRequired,
+		TunnelType:         typ,
+		Label:              label,
+		TunnelID:           id,
+	}
+}
+
+func ParsePmsiTunnel(args []string) (*PathAttributePmsiTunnel, error) {
+	// Format:
+	// "<type>" ["leaf-info-required"] "<label>" "<tunnel-id>"
+	if len(args) < 3 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid pmsi tunnel arguments: %s", args)
+	}
+
+	pmsi := NewPathAttributePmsiTunnel(0, false, 0, nil)
+
+	switch args[0] {
+	case "ingress-repl":
+		pmsi.TunnelType = PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_INGRESS_REPL
+	default:
+		typ, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[0], 10, 8)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid pmsi tunnel type: %s", args[0])
+		}
+		pmsi.TunnelType = PmsiTunnelType(typ)
+	}
+
+	indx := 1
+	if args[indx] == "leaf-info-required" {
+		pmsi.IsLeafInfoRequired = true
+		indx++
+	}
+
+	label, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[indx], 10, 32)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid pmsi tunnel label: %s", args[indx])
+	}
+	pmsi.Label = uint32(label)
+	indx++
+
+	switch pmsi.TunnelType {
+	case PMSI_TUNNEL_TYPE_INGRESS_REPL:
+		ip := net.ParseIP(args[indx])
+		if ip == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid pmsi tunnel identifier: %s", args[indx])
+		}
+		pmsi.TunnelID = &IngressReplTunnelID{Value: ip}
+	default:
+		pmsi.TunnelID = &DefaultPmsiTunnelID{Value: []byte(args[indx])}
+	}
+
+	return pmsi, nil
+}
+
+type PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []ExtendedCommunityInterface
+}
+
+func ParseIP6Extended(data []byte) (ExtendedCommunityInterface, error) {
+	if len(data) < 8 {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, nil, "not all extended community bytes are available")
+	}
+	attrType := ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0])
+	subtype := ExtendedCommunityAttrSubType(data[1])
+	transitive := false
+	switch attrType {
+	case EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC:
+		transitive = true
+		fallthrough
+	case EC_TYPE_NON_TRANSITIVE_IP6_SPECIFIC:
+		ipv6 := net.IP(data[2:18]).String()
+		localAdmin := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[18:20])
+		return NewIPv6AddressSpecificExtended(subtype, ipv6, localAdmin, transitive), nil
+	case EC_TYPE_GENERIC_TRANSITIVE_EXPERIMENTAL:
+		return parseIP6FlowSpecExtended(data)
+	default:
+		return &UnknownExtended{
+			Type:  ExtendedCommunityAttrType(data[0]),
+			Value: data[1:8],
+		}, nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length%20 != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "extendedcommunities length isn't correct")
+	}
+	for len(value) >= 20 {
+		e, err := ParseIP6Extended(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.Value = append(p.Value, e)
+		value = value[20:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, p := range p.Value {
+		ebuf, err := p.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, ebuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities) String() string {
+	var buf []string
+	for _, v := range p.Value {
+		buf = append(buf, fmt.Sprintf("[%s]", v.String()))
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Extcomms: %s}", strings.Join(buf, ","))
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType                  `json:"type"`
+		Value []ExtendedCommunityInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities(value []ExtendedCommunityInterface) *PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities {
+	l := len(value) * 20
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_IP6_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES
+	return &PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type AigpTLVType uint8
+
+const (
+	AIGP_TLV_UNKNOWN AigpTLVType = iota
+	AIGP_TLV_IGP_METRIC
+)
+
+type AigpTLVInterface interface {
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+	Type() AigpTLVType
+	Len() int
+}
+
+type AigpTLVDefault struct {
+	typ   AigpTLVType
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVDefault) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 3+len(t.Value))
+	buf[0] = uint8(t.Type())
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:], uint16(3+len(t.Value)))
+	copy(buf[3:], t.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVDefault) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Type: %d, Value: %v}", t.Type(), t.Value)
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVDefault) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  AigpTLVType `json:"type"`
+		Value []byte      `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  t.Type(),
+		Value: t.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVDefault) Type() AigpTLVType {
+	return t.typ
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVDefault) Len() int {
+	return 3 + len(t.Value) // Type(1) + Length(2) + Value(variable)
+}
+
+func NewAigpTLVDefault(typ AigpTLVType, value []byte) *AigpTLVDefault {
+	return &AigpTLVDefault{
+		typ:   typ,
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+type AigpTLVIgpMetric struct {
+	Metric uint64
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVIgpMetric) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 11)
+	buf[0] = uint8(AIGP_TLV_IGP_METRIC)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:], uint16(11))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[3:], t.Metric)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVIgpMetric) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Metric: %d}", t.Metric)
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVIgpMetric) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type   AigpTLVType `json:"type"`
+		Metric uint64      `json:"metric"`
+	}{
+		Type:   AIGP_TLV_IGP_METRIC,
+		Metric: t.Metric,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewAigpTLVIgpMetric(metric uint64) *AigpTLVIgpMetric {
+	return &AigpTLVIgpMetric{
+		Metric: metric,
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVIgpMetric) Type() AigpTLVType {
+	return AIGP_TLV_IGP_METRIC
+}
+
+func (t *AigpTLVIgpMetric) Len() int {
+	return 11
+}
+
+type PathAttributeAigp struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Values []AigpTLVInterface
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAigp) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for len(value) > 3 {
+		typ := value[0]
+		length := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(value[1:3])
+		if len(value) < int(length) {
+			break
+		}
+		v := value[3:length]
+		switch AigpTLVType(typ) {
+		case AIGP_TLV_IGP_METRIC:
+			if len(v) < 8 {
+				break
+			}
+			metric := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(v)
+			p.Values = append(p.Values, NewAigpTLVIgpMetric(metric))
+		default:
+			p.Values = append(p.Values, NewAigpTLVDefault(AigpTLVType(typ), v))
+		}
+		value = value[length:]
+	}
+	if len(value) != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "Aigp length is incorrect")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAigp) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, t := range p.Values {
+		bbuf, err := t.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAigp) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	buf.WriteString("{Aigp: [")
+	for _, v := range p.Values {
+		buf.WriteString(v.String())
+	}
+	buf.WriteString("]}")
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeAigp) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType        `json:"type"`
+		Value []AigpTLVInterface `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Values,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeAigp(values []AigpTLVInterface) *PathAttributeAigp {
+	var l int
+	for _, v := range values {
+		l += v.Len()
+	}
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AIGP
+	return &PathAttributeAigp{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Values: values,
+	}
+}
+
+type LargeCommunity struct {
+	ASN        uint32
+	LocalData1 uint32
+	LocalData2 uint32
+}
+
+func (c *LargeCommunity) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 12)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, c.ASN)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:], c.LocalData1)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[8:], c.LocalData2)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (c *LargeCommunity) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d:%d", c.ASN, c.LocalData1, c.LocalData2)
+}
+
+func NewLargeCommunity(asn, data1, data2 uint32) *LargeCommunity {
+	return &LargeCommunity{
+		ASN:        asn,
+		LocalData1: data1,
+		LocalData2: data2,
+	}
+}
+
+func ParseLargeCommunity(value string) (*LargeCommunity, error) {
+	elems := strings.Split(value, ":")
+	if len(elems) != 3 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid large community format")
+	}
+	v := make([]uint32, 0, 3)
+	for _, elem := range elems {
+		e, err := strconv.ParseUint(elem, 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid large community format")
+		}
+		v = append(v, uint32(e))
+	}
+	return NewLargeCommunity(v[0], v[1], v[2]), nil
+}
+
+type PathAttributeLargeCommunities struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Values []*LargeCommunity
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLargeCommunities) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Length%12 != 0 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "large communities length isn't correct")
+	}
+	p.Values = make([]*LargeCommunity, 0, p.Length/12)
+	for len(value) >= 12 {
+		asn := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[:4])
+		data1 := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[4:8])
+		data2 := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(value[8:12])
+		p.Values = append(p.Values, NewLargeCommunity(asn, data1, data2))
+		value = value[12:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLargeCommunities) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0, len(p.Values)*12)
+	for _, t := range p.Values {
+		bbuf, err := t.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	}
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(buf, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLargeCommunities) String() string {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 32))
+	buf.WriteString("{LargeCommunity: [ ")
+	ss := []string{}
+	for _, v := range p.Values {
+		ss = append(ss, v.String())
+	}
+	buf.WriteString(strings.Join(ss, ", "))
+	buf.WriteString("]}")
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeLargeCommunities) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Type  BGPAttrType       `json:"type"`
+		Value []*LargeCommunity `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Values,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeLargeCommunities(values []*LargeCommunity) *PathAttributeLargeCommunities {
+	l := len(values) * 12
+	t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY
+	return &PathAttributeLargeCommunities{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  getPathAttrFlags(t, l),
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Values: values,
+	}
+}
+
+type PathAttributeUnknown struct {
+	PathAttribute
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeUnknown) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	value, err := p.PathAttribute.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Value = value
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeUnknown) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	return p.PathAttribute.Serialize(p.Value, options...)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeUnknown) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{Flags: %s, Type: %s, Value: %s}", p.Flags, p.Type, p.Value)
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeUnknown) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Flags BGPAttrFlag `json:"flags"`
+		Type  BGPAttrType `json:"type"`
+		Value []byte      `json:"value"`
+	}{
+		Flags: p.GetFlags(),
+		Type:  p.GetType(),
+		Value: p.Value,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewPathAttributeUnknown(flags BGPAttrFlag, typ BGPAttrType, value []byte) *PathAttributeUnknown {
+	l := len(value)
+	if l > 255 {
+		flags |= BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH
+	}
+	return &PathAttributeUnknown{
+		PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+			Flags:  flags,
+			Type:   typ,
+			Length: uint16(l),
+		},
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+func GetPathAttribute(data []byte) (PathAttributeInterface, error) {
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+		eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR)
+		return nil, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, data, "attribute type length is short")
+	}
+	switch BGPAttrType(data[1]) {
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN:
+		return &PathAttributeOrigin{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATH:
+		return &PathAttributeAsPath{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP:
+		return &PathAttributeNextHop{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
+		return &PathAttributeMultiExitDisc{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
+		return &PathAttributeLocalPref{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
+		return &PathAttributeAtomicAggregate{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AGGREGATOR:
+		return &PathAttributeAggregator{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_COMMUNITIES:
+		return &PathAttributeCommunities{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
+		return &PathAttributeOriginatorId{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
+		return &PathAttributeClusterList{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
+		return &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
+		return &PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES:
+		return &PathAttributeExtendedCommunities{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_PATH:
+		return &PathAttributeAs4Path{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_AGGREGATOR:
+		return &PathAttributeAs4Aggregator{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP:
+		return &PathAttributeTunnelEncap{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
+		return &PathAttributePmsiTunnel{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_IP6_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES:
+		return &PathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AIGP:
+		return &PathAttributeAigp{}, nil
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
+		return &PathAttributeLargeCommunities{}, nil
+	}
+	return &PathAttributeUnknown{}, nil
+}
+
+type BGPUpdate struct {
+	WithdrawnRoutesLen    uint16
+	WithdrawnRoutes       []*IPAddrPrefix
+	TotalPathAttributeLen uint16
+	PathAttributes        []PathAttributeInterface
+	NLRI                  []*IPAddrPrefix
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPUpdate) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	var strongestError error
+
+	// cache error codes
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+
+	// check withdrawn route length
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "message length isn't enough for withdrawn route length")
+	}
+
+	msg.WithdrawnRoutesLen = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	data = data[2:]
+
+	// check withdrawn route
+	if len(data) < int(msg.WithdrawnRoutesLen) {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "withdrawn route length exceeds message length")
+	}
+
+	addpathLen := 0
+	if IsAddPathEnabled(true, RF_IPv4_UC, options) {
+		addpathLen = 4
+	}
+
+	msg.WithdrawnRoutes = make([]*IPAddrPrefix, 0, msg.WithdrawnRoutesLen)
+	for routelen := msg.WithdrawnRoutesLen; routelen > 0; {
+		w := &IPAddrPrefix{}
+		err := w.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		routelen -= uint16(w.Len(options...) + addpathLen)
+		if len(data) < w.Len(options...)+addpathLen {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "Withdrawn route length is short")
+		}
+		data = data[w.Len(options...)+addpathLen:]
+		msg.WithdrawnRoutes = append(msg.WithdrawnRoutes, w)
+	}
+
+	// check path total attribute length
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "message length isn't enough for path total attribute length")
+	}
+
+	msg.TotalPathAttributeLen = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	data = data[2:]
+
+	// check path attribute
+	if len(data) < int(msg.TotalPathAttributeLen) {
+		return NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "path total attribute length exceeds message length")
+	}
+
+	msg.PathAttributes = []PathAttributeInterface{}
+	for pathlen := msg.TotalPathAttributeLen; pathlen > 0; {
+		var e error
+		if pathlen < 3 {
+			e = NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(
+				eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR, data, ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, nil, "insufficient data to decode")
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+			data = data[pathlen:]
+			break
+		}
+		p, err := GetPathAttribute(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		err = p.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			e = err.(*MessageError)
+			if e.(*MessageError).SubTypeCode == BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR {
+				e.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling = ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+			} else {
+				e.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling = getErrorHandlingFromPathAttribute(p.GetType())
+				e.(*MessageError).ErrorAttribute = &p
+			}
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+		}
+		pathlen -= uint16(p.Len(options...))
+		if len(data) < p.Len(options...) {
+			e = NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(
+				eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH_ERROR, data, ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, nil, "attribute length is short")
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+		}
+		data = data[p.Len(options...):]
+		if e == nil || e.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling != ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD {
+			msg.PathAttributes = append(msg.PathAttributes, p)
+		}
+	}
+
+	msg.NLRI = make([]*IPAddrPrefix, 0)
+	for restlen := len(data); restlen > 0; {
+		n := &IPAddrPrefix{}
+		err := n.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		restlen -= n.Len(options...) + addpathLen
+		if len(data) < n.Len(options...)+addpathLen {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD, nil, "NLRI length is short")
+		}
+		if n.Len(options...) > 32 {
+			return NewMessageError(eCode, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NETWORK_FIELD, nil, "NLRI length is too long")
+		}
+		data = data[n.Len(options...)+addpathLen:]
+		msg.NLRI = append(msg.NLRI, n)
+	}
+
+	return strongestError
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPUpdate) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	wbuf := make([]byte, 2)
+	for _, w := range msg.WithdrawnRoutes {
+		onewbuf, err := w.Serialize(options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		wbuf = append(wbuf, onewbuf...)
+	}
+	msg.WithdrawnRoutesLen = uint16(len(wbuf) - 2)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(wbuf, msg.WithdrawnRoutesLen)
+
+	pbuf := make([]byte, 2)
+	for _, p := range msg.PathAttributes {
+		onepbuf, err := p.Serialize(options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		pbuf = append(pbuf, onepbuf...)
+	}
+	msg.TotalPathAttributeLen = uint16(len(pbuf) - 2)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(pbuf, msg.TotalPathAttributeLen)
+
+	buf := append(wbuf, pbuf...)
+	for _, n := range msg.NLRI {
+		nbuf, err := n.Serialize(options...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, nbuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPUpdate) IsEndOfRib() (bool, RouteFamily) {
+	if len(msg.WithdrawnRoutes) == 0 && len(msg.NLRI) == 0 {
+		if len(msg.PathAttributes) == 0 {
+			return true, RF_IPv4_UC
+		} else if len(msg.PathAttributes) == 1 && msg.PathAttributes[0].GetType() == BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI {
+			unreach := msg.PathAttributes[0].(*PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI)
+			if len(unreach.Value) == 0 {
+				return true, AfiSafiToRouteFamily(unreach.AFI, unreach.SAFI)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false, RouteFamily(0)
+}
+
+func TreatAsWithdraw(msg *BGPUpdate) *BGPUpdate {
+	withdraw := &BGPUpdate{
+		WithdrawnRoutesLen:    0,
+		WithdrawnRoutes:       []*IPAddrPrefix{},
+		TotalPathAttributeLen: 0,
+		PathAttributes:        make([]PathAttributeInterface, 0, len(msg.PathAttributes)),
+		NLRI:                  []*IPAddrPrefix{},
+	}
+	withdraw.WithdrawnRoutes = append(msg.WithdrawnRoutes, msg.NLRI...)
+	var unreach []AddrPrefixInterface
+
+	for _, p := range msg.PathAttributes {
+		switch nlri := p.(type) {
+		case *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI:
+			unreach = append(unreach, nlri.Value...)
+		case *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI:
+			unreach = append(unreach, nlri.Value...)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(unreach) != 0 {
+		withdraw.PathAttributes = append(withdraw.PathAttributes, NewPathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI(unreach))
+	}
+	return withdraw
+}
+
+func NewBGPUpdateMessage(withdrawnRoutes []*IPAddrPrefix, pathattrs []PathAttributeInterface, nlri []*IPAddrPrefix) *BGPMessage {
+	return &BGPMessage{
+		Header: BGPHeader{Type: BGP_MSG_UPDATE},
+		Body:   &BGPUpdate{0, withdrawnRoutes, 0, pathattrs, nlri},
+	}
+}
+
+func NewEndOfRib(family RouteFamily) *BGPMessage {
+	if family == RF_IPv4_UC {
+		return NewBGPUpdateMessage(nil, nil, nil)
+	} else {
+		afi, safi := RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(family)
+		t := BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI
+		unreach := &PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI{
+			PathAttribute: PathAttribute{
+				Flags: PathAttrFlags[t],
+				Type:  t,
+			},
+			AFI:  afi,
+			SAFI: safi,
+		}
+		return NewBGPUpdateMessage(nil, []PathAttributeInterface{unreach}, nil)
+	}
+}
+
+type BGPNotification struct {
+	ErrorCode    uint8
+	ErrorSubcode uint8
+	Data         []byte
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPNotification) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Not all Notificaiton bytes available")
+	}
+	msg.ErrorCode = data[0]
+	msg.ErrorSubcode = data[1]
+	if len(data) > 2 {
+		msg.Data = data[2:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPNotification) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 2)
+	buf[0] = msg.ErrorCode
+	buf[1] = msg.ErrorSubcode
+	buf = append(buf, msg.Data...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewBGPNotificationMessage(errcode uint8, errsubcode uint8, data []byte) *BGPMessage {
+	return &BGPMessage{
+		Header: BGPHeader{Type: BGP_MSG_NOTIFICATION},
+		Body:   &BGPNotification{errcode, errsubcode, data},
+	}
+}
+
+type BGPKeepAlive struct {
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPKeepAlive) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPKeepAlive) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func NewBGPKeepAliveMessage() *BGPMessage {
+	return &BGPMessage{
+		Header: BGPHeader{Len: 19, Type: BGP_MSG_KEEPALIVE},
+		Body:   &BGPKeepAlive{},
+	}
+}
+
+type BGPRouteRefresh struct {
+	AFI         uint16
+	Demarcation uint8
+	SAFI        uint8
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPRouteRefresh) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_ROUTE_REFRESH_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Not all RouteRefresh bytes available")
+	}
+	msg.AFI = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	msg.Demarcation = data[2]
+	msg.SAFI = data[3]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPRouteRefresh) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], msg.AFI)
+	buf[2] = msg.Demarcation
+	buf[3] = msg.SAFI
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewBGPRouteRefreshMessage(afi uint16, demarcation uint8, safi uint8) *BGPMessage {
+	return &BGPMessage{
+		Header: BGPHeader{Type: BGP_MSG_ROUTE_REFRESH},
+		Body:   &BGPRouteRefresh{afi, demarcation, safi},
+	}
+}
+
+type BGPBody interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte, ...*MarshallingOption) error
+	Serialize(...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+const (
+	BGP_HEADER_LENGTH      = 19
+	BGP_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 4096
+)
+
+type BGPHeader struct {
+	Marker []byte
+	Len    uint16
+	Type   uint8
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPHeader) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) error {
+	// minimum BGP message length
+	if uint16(len(data)) < BGP_HEADER_LENGTH {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "not all BGP message header")
+	}
+
+	msg.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[16:18])
+	if int(msg.Len) < BGP_HEADER_LENGTH {
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "unknown message type")
+	}
+
+	msg.Type = data[18]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPHeader) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 19)
+	for i := range buf[:16] {
+		buf[i] = 0xff
+	}
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[16:18], msg.Len)
+	buf[18] = msg.Type
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BGPMessage struct {
+	Header BGPHeader
+	Body   BGPBody
+}
+
+func parseBody(h *BGPHeader, data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) (*BGPMessage, error) {
+	if len(data) < int(h.Len)-BGP_HEADER_LENGTH {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "Not all BGP message bytes available")
+	}
+	msg := &BGPMessage{Header: *h}
+
+	switch msg.Header.Type {
+	case BGP_MSG_OPEN:
+		msg.Body = &BGPOpen{}
+	case BGP_MSG_UPDATE:
+		msg.Body = &BGPUpdate{}
+	case BGP_MSG_NOTIFICATION:
+		msg.Body = &BGPNotification{}
+	case BGP_MSG_KEEPALIVE:
+		msg.Body = &BGPKeepAlive{}
+	case BGP_MSG_ROUTE_REFRESH:
+		msg.Body = &BGPRouteRefresh{}
+	default:
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_TYPE, nil, "unknown message type")
+	}
+	err := msg.Body.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	return msg, err
+}
+
+func ParseBGPMessage(data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) (*BGPMessage, error) {
+	h := &BGPHeader{}
+	err := h.DecodeFromBytes(data, options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if int(h.Len) > len(data) {
+		return nil, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, nil, "unknown message type")
+	}
+
+	return parseBody(h, data[19:h.Len], options...)
+}
+
+func ParseBGPBody(h *BGPHeader, data []byte, options ...*MarshallingOption) (*BGPMessage, error) {
+	return parseBody(h, data, options...)
+}
+
+func (msg *BGPMessage) Serialize(options ...*MarshallingOption) ([]byte, error) {
+	b, err := msg.Body.Serialize(options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if msg.Header.Len == 0 {
+		if 19+len(b) > BGP_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH {
+			return nil, NewMessageError(0, 0, nil, fmt.Sprintf("too long message length %d", 19+len(b)))
+		}
+		msg.Header.Len = 19 + uint16(len(b))
+	}
+	h, err := msg.Header.Serialize(options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(h, b...), nil
+}
+
+type ErrorHandling int
+
+const (
+	ERROR_HANDLING_NONE ErrorHandling = iota
+	ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD
+	ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	ERROR_HANDLING_AFISAFI_DISABLE
+	ERROR_HANDLING_SESSION_RESET
+)
+
+func getErrorHandlingFromPathAttribute(t BGPAttrType) ErrorHandling {
+	switch t {
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATH:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_PATH:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AGGREGATOR:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_AGGREGATOR:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_COMMUNITIES:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_AFISAFI_DISABLE
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_AFISAFI_DISABLE
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_IP6_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIES:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD
+	case BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AIGP:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD
+	default:
+		return ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD
+	}
+}
+
+type MessageError struct {
+	TypeCode       uint8
+	SubTypeCode    uint8
+	Data           []byte
+	Message        string
+	ErrorHandling  ErrorHandling
+	ErrorAttribute *PathAttributeInterface
+}
+
+func NewMessageError(typeCode, subTypeCode uint8, data []byte, msg string) error {
+	return &MessageError{
+		TypeCode:       typeCode,
+		SubTypeCode:    subTypeCode,
+		Data:           data,
+		ErrorHandling:  ERROR_HANDLING_SESSION_RESET,
+		ErrorAttribute: nil,
+		Message:        msg,
+	}
+}
+
+func NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(typeCode, subTypeCode uint8, data []byte, errorHandling ErrorHandling, errorAttribute *PathAttributeInterface, msg string) error {
+	return &MessageError{
+		TypeCode:       typeCode,
+		SubTypeCode:    subTypeCode,
+		Data:           data,
+		ErrorHandling:  errorHandling,
+		ErrorAttribute: errorAttribute,
+		Message:        msg,
+	}
+}
+
+func (e *MessageError) Error() string {
+	return e.Message
+}
+
+func (e *MessageError) Stronger(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if msgErr, ok := err.(*MessageError); ok {
+		return e.ErrorHandling > msgErr.ErrorHandling
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (e *TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	if e.SubType == EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET {
+		return map[string]string{"routeTarget": e.String()}
+	}
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *ColorExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *EncapExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{"encaspulation": e.TunnelType.String()}
+}
+
+func (e *DefaultGatewayExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *ValidationExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *OpaqueExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *IPv4AddressSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *IPv6AddressSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *FourOctetAsSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *ESILabelExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *ESImportRouteTarget) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *MacMobilityExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *RouterMacExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRateExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficRemarkExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *RedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *UnknownExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (e *TrafficActionExtended) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttributeExtendedCommunities) Flat() map[string]string {
+	flat := map[string]string{}
+	for _, ec := range p.Value {
+		FlatUpdate(flat, ec.Flat())
+	}
+	return flat
+}
+
+func (p *PathAttribute) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (l *LabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix) Flat() map[string]string {
+	prefixLen := l.IPAddrPrefixDefault.Length - uint8(8*(l.Labels.Len()+l.RD.Len()))
+	return map[string]string{
+		"Prefix":    l.IPAddrPrefixDefault.Prefix.String(),
+		"PrefixLen": fmt.Sprintf("%d", prefixLen),
+		"NLRI":      l.String(),
+		"Label":     l.Labels.String(),
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *IPAddrPrefixDefault) Flat() map[string]string {
+	l := strings.Split(p.String(), "/")
+	if len(l) == 2 {
+		return map[string]string{
+			"Prefix":    l[0],
+			"PrefixLen": l[1],
+		}
+	}
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+func (l *EVPNNLRI) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *RouteTargetMembershipNLRI) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *FlowSpecIPv4Unicast) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *FlowSpecIPv4VPN) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *FlowSpecIPv6Unicast) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *FlowSpecIPv6VPN) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *FlowSpecL2VPN) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+func (l *OpaqueNLRI) Flat() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{}
+}
+
+// Update a Flat representation by adding elements of the second
+// one. If two elements use same keys, values are separated with
+// ';'. In this case, it returns an error but the update has been
+// realized.
+func FlatUpdate(f1, f2 map[string]string) error {
+	conflict := false
+	for k2, v2 := range f2 {
+		if v1, ok := f1[k2]; ok {
+			f1[k2] = v1 + ";" + v2
+			conflict = true
+		} else {
+			f1[k2] = v2
+		}
+	}
+	if conflict {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Keys conflict")
+	} else {
+		return nil
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp_race_test.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp_race_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..08038200
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp_race_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2018 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// +build race
+
+package bgp
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Test_RaceCondition detects data races when serialization.
+// Currently tests only attributes contained in UPDATE message.
+func Test_RaceCondition(t *testing.T) {
+	m := NewTestBGPUpdateMessage()
+	updateBody := m.Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+	go func(body *BGPUpdate) {
+		for _, v := range body.WithdrawnRoutes {
+			v.Serialize()
+		}
+		for _, v := range body.PathAttributes {
+			v.Serialize()
+		}
+		for _, v := range body.NLRI {
+			v.Serialize()
+		}
+	}(updateBody)
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Second)
+
+	updateBody.Serialize()
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp_test.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a4801f27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgp_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,1194 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2016 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package bgp
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"net"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func keepalive() *BGPMessage {
+	return NewBGPKeepAliveMessage()
+}
+
+func notification() *BGPMessage {
+	return NewBGPNotificationMessage(1, 2, nil)
+}
+
+func refresh() *BGPMessage {
+	return NewBGPRouteRefreshMessage(1, 2, 10)
+}
+
+var result []string
+
+func BenchmarkNormalizeFlowSpecOpValues(b *testing.B) {
+	var r []string
+	for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
+		r = normalizeFlowSpecOpValues([]string{"&<=80"})
+	}
+	result = r
+}
+
+func Test_Message(t *testing.T) {
+	l := []*BGPMessage{keepalive(), notification(), refresh(), NewTestBGPOpenMessage(), NewTestBGPUpdateMessage()}
+
+	for _, m1 := range l {
+		buf1, err := m1.Serialize()
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+		t.Log("LEN =", len(buf1))
+		m2, err := ParseBGPMessage(buf1)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// FIXME: shouldn't but workaround for some structs.
+		_, err = m2.Serialize()
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.True(t, reflect.DeepEqual(m1, m2))
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_IPAddrPrefixString(t *testing.T) {
+	ipv4 := NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "129.6.10.0")
+	assert.Equal(t, "129.6.10.0/24", ipv4.String())
+	ipv4 = NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "129.6.10.1")
+	assert.Equal(t, "129.6.10.0/24", ipv4.String())
+	ipv4 = NewIPAddrPrefix(22, "129.6.129.0")
+	assert.Equal(t, "129.6.128.0/22", ipv4.String())
+
+	ipv6 := NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "3343:faba:3903::0")
+	assert.Equal(t, "3343:faba:3903::/64", ipv6.String())
+	ipv6 = NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "3343:faba:3903::1")
+	assert.Equal(t, "3343:faba:3903::/64", ipv6.String())
+	ipv6 = NewIPv6AddrPrefix(63, "3343:faba:3903:129::0")
+	assert.Equal(t, "3343:faba:3903:128::/63", ipv6.String())
+}
+
+func Test_RouteTargetMembershipNLRIString(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	// TwoOctetAsSpecificExtended
+	buf := make([]byte, 13)
+	buf[0] = 96 // in bit length
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:5], 65546)
+	buf[5] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_TWO_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC) // typehigh
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[7:9], 65000)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[9:], 65546)
+	r := &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{}
+	err := r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:65000:65546", r.String())
+	buf, err = r.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:65000:65546", r.String())
+
+	// IPv4AddressSpecificExtended
+	buf = make([]byte, 13)
+	buf[0] = 96 // in bit length
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:5], 65546)
+	buf[5] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_IP4_SPECIFIC) // typehigh
+	ip := net.ParseIP("10.0.0.1").To4()
+	copy(buf[7:11], []byte(ip))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[11:], 65000)
+	r = &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{}
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:10.0.0.1:65000", r.String())
+	buf, err = r.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:10.0.0.1:65000", r.String())
+
+	// FourOctetAsSpecificExtended
+	buf = make([]byte, 13)
+	buf[0] = 96 // in bit length
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:5], 65546)
+	buf[5] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_FOUR_OCTET_AS_SPECIFIC) // typehigh
+	buf[6] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET)                   // subtype
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[7:], 65546)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[11:], 65000)
+	r = &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{}
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:1.10:65000", r.String())
+	buf, err = r.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:1.10:65000", r.String())
+
+	// OpaqueExtended
+	buf = make([]byte, 13)
+	buf[0] = 96 // in bit length
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:5], 65546)
+	buf[5] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE) // typehigh
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[9:], 1000000)
+	r = &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{}
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:1000000", r.String())
+	buf, err = r.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:1000000", r.String())
+
+	// Unknown
+	buf = make([]byte, 13)
+	buf[0] = 96 // in bit length
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:5], 65546)
+	buf[5] = 0x04 // typehigh
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[9:], 1000000)
+	r = &RouteTargetMembershipNLRI{}
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:1000000", r.String())
+	buf, err = r.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	err = r.DecodeFromBytes(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("65546:1000000", r.String())
+
+}
+
+func Test_MalformedUpdateMsg(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	// Invalid AGGREGATOR
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x00, 0x00, // Withdraws(0)
+		0x00, 0x16, // Attrs Len(22)
+		0xc0, 0x07, 0x05, // Flag, Type(7), Length(5)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x64, // aggregator - invalid length
+		0x00,
+		0x40, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, // Attr(ORIGIN)
+		0x40, 0x03, 0x04, 0xc0, // Attr(NEXT_HOP)
+		0xa8, 0x01, 0x64,
+		0x40, 0x02, 0x00, // Attr(AS_PATH)
+	}
+
+	u := &BGPUpdate{}
+	err := u.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD, err.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling)
+
+	// Invalid MP_REACH_NLRI
+	bufin = []byte{
+		0x00, 0x00, // Withdraws(0)
+		0x00, 0x27, // Attrs Len(39)
+		0x80, 0x0e, 0x1d, // Flag, Type(14), Length(29)
+		0x00, 0x02, 0x01, // afi(2), safi(1)
+		0x0f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // nexthop - invalid nexthop length
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff,
+		0xff, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00,                   // SNPA(0)
+		0x40, 0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, // NLRI
+		0xb8, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
+		0x00,
+		0x40, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, // Attr(ORIGIN)
+		0x40, 0x02, 0x00, // Attr(AS_PATH)
+	}
+
+	err = u.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_AFISAFI_DISABLE, err.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling)
+
+	// Invalid flag
+	bufin = []byte{
+		0x00, 0x00, // Withdraws(0)
+		0x00, 0x0e, // Attrs Len(14)
+		0xc0, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, // Attr(ORIGIN) - invalid flag
+		0x40, 0x03, 0x04, 0xc0, // Attr(NEXT_HOP)
+		0xa8, 0x01, 0x64,
+		0x40, 0x02, 0x00, // Attr(AS_PATH)
+	}
+
+	err = u.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, err.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling)
+
+	// Invalid AGGREGATOR and MULTI_EXIT_DESC
+	bufin = []byte{
+		0x00, 0x00, // Withdraws(0)
+		0x00, 0x1e, // Attrs Len(30)
+		0xc0, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, // Attr(AGGREGATOR) - invalid length
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x64, 0x00,
+		0x80, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, // Attr(MULTI_EXIT_DESC)  - invalid length
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x64,
+		0x40, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, // Attr(ORIGIN)
+		0x40, 0x02, 0x00, // Attr(AS_PATH)
+		0x40, 0x03, 0x04, 0xc0, // Attr(NEXT_HOP)
+		0xa8, 0x01, 0x64,
+		0x20, 0xc8, 0xc8, 0xc8, // NLRI
+		0xc8,
+	}
+
+	err = u.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, err.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling)
+}
+
+func Test_RFC5512(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_COLOR)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:], 1000000)
+	ec, err := ParseExtended(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("1000000", ec.String())
+	buf, err = ec.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal([]byte{0x3, 0xb, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0xf, 0x42, 0x40}, buf)
+
+	buf = make([]byte, 8)
+	buf[0] = byte(EC_TYPE_TRANSITIVE_OPAQUE)
+	buf[1] = byte(EC_SUBTYPE_ENCAPSULATION)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6:], uint16(TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN))
+	ec, err = ParseExtended(buf)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("VXLAN", ec.String())
+	buf, err = ec.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal([]byte{0x3, 0xc, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x8}, buf)
+
+	tlv := NewTunnelEncapTLV(TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN, []TunnelEncapSubTLVInterface{NewTunnelEncapSubTLVColor(10)})
+	attr := NewPathAttributeTunnelEncap([]*TunnelEncapTLV{tlv})
+
+	buf1, err := attr.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+
+	p, err := GetPathAttribute(buf1)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+
+	err = p.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+
+	buf2, err := p.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal(buf1, buf2)
+
+	n1 := NewEncapNLRI("10.0.0.1")
+	buf1, err = n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+
+	n2 := NewEncapNLRI("")
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("10.0.0.1", n2.String())
+
+	n3 := NewEncapv6NLRI("2001::1")
+	buf1, err = n3.Serialize()
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+
+	n4 := NewEncapv6NLRI("")
+	err = n4.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Equal(nil, err)
+	assert.Equal("2001::1", n4.String())
+}
+
+func Test_ASLen(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	aspath := AsPathParam{
+		Num: 2,
+		AS:  []uint16{65000, 65001},
+	}
+	aspath.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SEQ
+	assert.Equal(2, aspath.ASLen())
+
+	aspath.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET
+	assert.Equal(1, aspath.ASLen())
+
+	aspath.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ
+	assert.Equal(0, aspath.ASLen())
+
+	aspath.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET
+	assert.Equal(0, aspath.ASLen())
+
+	as4path := As4PathParam{
+		Num: 2,
+		AS:  []uint32{65000, 65001},
+	}
+	as4path.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SEQ
+	assert.Equal(2, as4path.ASLen())
+
+	as4path.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_SET
+	assert.Equal(1, as4path.ASLen())
+
+	as4path.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ
+	assert.Equal(0, as4path.ASLen())
+
+	as4path.Type = BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET
+	assert.Equal(0, as4path.ASLen())
+
+}
+
+func Test_MPLSLabelStack(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	mpls := NewMPLSLabelStack()
+	buf, err := mpls.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(true, bytes.Equal(buf, []byte{0, 0, 1}))
+
+	mpls = &MPLSLabelStack{}
+	assert.Nil(mpls.DecodeFromBytes(buf))
+	assert.Equal(1, len(mpls.Labels))
+	assert.Equal(uint32(0), mpls.Labels[0])
+
+	mpls = NewMPLSLabelStack(WITHDRAW_LABEL)
+	buf, err = mpls.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(true, bytes.Equal(buf, []byte{128, 0, 0}))
+
+	mpls = &MPLSLabelStack{}
+	assert.Nil(mpls.DecodeFromBytes(buf))
+	assert.Equal(1, len(mpls.Labels))
+	assert.Equal(WITHDRAW_LABEL, mpls.Labels[0])
+}
+
+func Test_FlowSpecNlri(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	cmp := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	item1 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_EQ, TCP)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item1}))
+	item2 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ, 20)
+	item3 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_AND|DEC_NUM_OP_LT_EQ, 30)
+	item4 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ, 10)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	isFragment := uint64(0x02)
+	lastFragment := uint64(0x08)
+	item5 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH, isFragment)
+	item6 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND, lastFragment)
+
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item5, item6}))
+	item7 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(0, TCP_FLAG_ACK)
+	item8 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND|BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT, TCP_FLAG_URGENT)
+
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item7, item8}))
+	n1 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp)
+
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	n2, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_FS_IPv4_UC))
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// should be equal
+	assert.Equal(n1, n2)
+}
+
+func Test_FlowSpecExtended(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	exts := make([]ExtendedCommunityInterface, 0)
+	exts = append(exts, NewTrafficRateExtended(100, 9600.0))
+	exts = append(exts, NewTrafficActionExtended(true, false))
+	exts = append(exts, NewRedirectTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(1000, 1000))
+	exts = append(exts, NewRedirectIPv4AddressSpecificExtended("10.0.0.1", 1000))
+	exts = append(exts, NewRedirectFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(10000000, 1000))
+	exts = append(exts, NewTrafficRemarkExtended(10))
+	m1 := NewPathAttributeExtendedCommunities(exts)
+	buf1, err := m1.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	m2 := NewPathAttributeExtendedCommunities(nil)
+	err = m2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = m2.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(m1, m2)
+}
+
+func Test_IP6FlowSpecExtended(t *testing.T) {
+	exts := make([]ExtendedCommunityInterface, 0)
+	exts = append(exts, NewRedirectIPv6AddressSpecificExtended("2001:db8::68", 1000))
+	m1 := NewPathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities(exts)
+	buf1, err := m1.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	m2 := NewPathAttributeIP6ExtendedCommunities(nil)
+	err = m2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = m2.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, m1, m2)
+}
+
+func Test_FlowSpecNlriv6(t *testing.T) {
+	cmp := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix6(NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001::"), 12))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix6(NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001::"), 12))
+	item1 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_EQ, TCP)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item1}))
+	item2 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ, 20)
+	item3 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_AND|DEC_NUM_OP_LT_EQ, 30)
+	item4 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_EQ, 10)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_LABEL, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	isFragment := uint64(0x02)
+	item5 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH, isFragment)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item5}))
+	item6 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(0, TCP_FLAG_ACK)
+	item7 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND|BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT, TCP_FLAG_URGENT)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item6, item7}))
+	n1 := NewFlowSpecIPv6Unicast(cmp)
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	n2, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_FS_IPv6_UC))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = n2.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, n1, n2)
+}
+
+func Test_Aigp(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	m := NewAigpTLVIgpMetric(1000)
+	a1 := NewPathAttributeAigp([]AigpTLVInterface{m})
+	buf1, err := a1.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	a2 := NewPathAttributeAigp(nil)
+	err = a2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(a1, a2)
+}
+
+func Test_FlowSpecNlriL2(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	mac, _ := net.ParseMAC("01:23:45:67:89:ab")
+	cmp := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecDestinationMac(mac))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecSourceMac(mac))
+	item1 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_EQ, uint64(IPv4))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ETHERNET_TYPE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item1}))
+	rd, _ := ParseRouteDistinguisher("100:100")
+	n1 := NewFlowSpecL2VPN(rd, cmp)
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n2, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_FS_L2_VPN))
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	assert.Equal(n1, n2)
+}
+
+func Test_NotificationErrorCode(t *testing.T) {
+	// boundary check
+	t.Log(NewNotificationErrorCode(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_TYPE).String())
+	t.Log(NewNotificationErrorCode(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_TYPE+1).String())
+	t.Log(NewNotificationErrorCode(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, 0).String())
+	t.Log(NewNotificationErrorCode(0, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_TYPE).String())
+	t.Log(NewNotificationErrorCode(BGP_ERROR_ROUTE_REFRESH_MESSAGE_ERROR+1, 0).String())
+}
+
+func Test_FlowSpecNlriVPN(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	cmp := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	rd, _ := ParseRouteDistinguisher("100:100")
+	n1 := NewFlowSpecIPv4VPN(rd, cmp)
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n2, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_FS_IPv4_VPN))
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(n1, n2)
+}
+
+func Test_EVPNIPPrefixRoute(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	rd, _ := ParseRouteDistinguisher("100:100")
+	r := &EVPNIPPrefixRoute{
+		RD: rd,
+		ESI: EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+			Type:  ESI_ARBITRARY,
+			Value: make([]byte, 9),
+		},
+		ETag:           10,
+		IPPrefixLength: 24,
+		IPPrefix:       net.IP{10, 10, 10, 0},
+		GWIPAddress:    net.IP{10, 10, 10, 10},
+		Label:          1000,
+	}
+	n1 := NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_IP_PREFIX, r)
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n2, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_EVPN))
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	assert.Equal(n1, n2)
+}
+
+func Test_CapExtendedNexthop(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	tuple := NewCapExtendedNexthopTuple(RF_IPv4_UC, AFI_IP6)
+	n1 := NewCapExtendedNexthop([]*CapExtendedNexthopTuple{tuple})
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n2, err := DecodeCapability(buf1)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	assert.Equal(n1, n2)
+}
+
+func Test_AddPath(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	opt := &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		n1 := NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.10.10.0")
+		assert.Equal(n1.PathIdentifier(), uint32(0))
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(10)
+		assert.Equal(n1.PathLocalIdentifier(), uint32(10))
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := &IPAddrPrefix{}
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(10))
+	}
+	{
+		n1 := NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001::")
+		n1.SetPathIdentifier(10)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewIPv6AddrPrefix(0, "")
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(0))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH, RF_IPv6_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		n1 := NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001::")
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(10)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewIPv6AddrPrefix(0, "")
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(10))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_VPN: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH, RF_IPv6_VPN: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		rd, _ := ParseRouteDistinguisher("100:100")
+		labels := NewMPLSLabelStack(100, 200)
+		n1 := NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.10.10.0", *labels, rd)
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(20)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(0, "", MPLSLabelStack{}, nil)
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(20))
+	}
+	{
+		rd, _ := ParseRouteDistinguisher("100:100")
+		labels := NewMPLSLabelStack(100, 200)
+		n1 := NewLabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001::", *labels, rd)
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(20)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(0, "", MPLSLabelStack{}, nil)
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(20))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_MPLS: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH, RF_IPv6_MPLS: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		labels := NewMPLSLabelStack(100, 200)
+		n1 := NewLabeledIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.10.10.0", *labels)
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(20)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewLabeledIPAddrPrefix(0, "", MPLSLabelStack{})
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(20))
+	}
+	{
+		labels := NewMPLSLabelStack(100, 200)
+		n1 := NewLabeledIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001::", *labels)
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(20)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewLabeledIPAddrPrefix(0, "", MPLSLabelStack{})
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(20))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_RTC_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		rt, _ := ParseRouteTarget("100:100")
+		n1 := NewRouteTargetMembershipNLRI(65000, rt)
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(30)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewRouteTargetMembershipNLRI(0, nil)
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(30))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_EVPN: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		n1 := NewEVPNNLRI(EVPN_ROUTE_TYPE_ETHERNET_AUTO_DISCOVERY,
+			&EVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute{NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6),
+				EthernetSegmentIdentifier{ESI_ARBITRARY, make([]byte, 9)}, 2, 2})
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(40)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewEVPNNLRI(0, nil)
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(40))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_ENCAP: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		n1 := NewEncapNLRI("10.10.10.0")
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(50)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewEncapNLRI("")
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(50))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_FS_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		n1 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast([]FlowSpecComponentInterface{NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0"))})
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(60)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(nil)
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(60))
+	}
+	opt = &MarshallingOption{AddPath: map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_OPAQUE: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}}
+	{
+		n1 := NewOpaqueNLRI([]byte("key"), []byte("value"))
+		n1.SetPathLocalIdentifier(70)
+		bits, err := n1.Serialize(opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		n2 := &OpaqueNLRI{}
+		err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(bits, opt)
+		assert.Nil(err)
+		assert.Equal(n2.PathIdentifier(), uint32(70))
+	}
+
+}
+
+func Test_CompareFlowSpecNLRI(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	cmp, err := ParseFlowSpecComponents(RF_FS_IPv4_UC, "destination 10.0.0.2/32 source 10.0.0.1/32 destination-port ==3128 protocol tcp")
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Note: Use NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast() for the consistent ordered rules.
+	n1 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp).FlowSpecNLRI
+	cmp, err = ParseFlowSpecComponents(RF_FS_IPv4_UC, "source 10.0.0.0/24 destination-port ==3128 protocol tcp")
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n2 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp).FlowSpecNLRI
+	r, err := CompareFlowSpecNLRI(&n1, &n2)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.True(r > 0)
+	cmp, err = ParseFlowSpecComponents(RF_FS_IPv4_UC, "source 10.0.0.9/32 port ==80 ==8080 destination-port >8080&<8080 ==3128 source-port >1024 protocol ==udp ==tcp")
+	n3 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp).FlowSpecNLRI
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	cmp, err = ParseFlowSpecComponents(RF_FS_IPv4_UC, "destination 192.168.0.2/32")
+	n4 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp).FlowSpecNLRI
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	r, err = CompareFlowSpecNLRI(&n3, &n4)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.True(r < 0)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithIPv4MappedIPv6Prefix(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	n1 := NewIPv6AddrPrefix(120, "::ffff:10.0.0.0")
+	buf1, err := n1.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n2, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_IPv6_UC))
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	err = n2.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	assert.Equal(n1, n2)
+
+	label := NewMPLSLabelStack(2)
+
+	n3 := NewLabeledIPv6AddrPrefix(120, "::ffff:10.0.0.0", *label)
+	buf1, err = n3.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	n4, err := NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(RF_IPv6_MPLS))
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	err = n4.DecodeFromBytes(buf1)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	assert.Equal(n3, n4)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithIPv6PrefixWithIPv4Peering(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x80, 0x0e, 0x1e, // flags(1), type(1), length(1)
+		0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x10, // afi(2), safi(1), nexthoplen(1)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // nexthop(16)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // = "::ffff:172.20.0.1"
+		0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff,
+		0xac, 0x14, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00,                   // reserved(1)
+		0x40, 0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, // nlri(9)
+		0xb8, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, // = "2001:db8:1:1::/64"
+		0x01,
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x80), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xe), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x1e), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP6), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_UNICAST), p.SAFI)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("::ffff:172.20.0.1"), p.Nexthop)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP(""), p.LinkLocalNexthop)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001:db8:1:1::"),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+	// Set NextHop as IPv4 address (because IPv4 peering)
+	p.Nexthop = net.ParseIP("172.20.0.1")
+	// Test Serialize()
+	bufout, err := p.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test serialised value
+	assert.Equal(bufin, bufout)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithIPv6(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x90, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1e, // flags(1), type(1), length(2),
+		0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x10, // afi(2), safi(1), nexthoplen(1)
+		0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, 0xb8, // nexthop(16)
+		0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, // = "2001:db8:1::1"
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00,                   // reserved(1)
+		0x40, 0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, // nlri(9)
+		0xb8, 0x00, 0x53, 0x00, // = "2001:db8:53::/64"
+		0x00,
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x90), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xe), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x1e), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP6), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_UNICAST), p.SAFI)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8:1::1"), p.Nexthop)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001:db8:53::"),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+}
+
+func Test_MpUnreachNLRIWithIPv6(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x90, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x0c, // flags(1), type(1), length(2),
+		0x00, 0x02, 0x01, // afi(2), safi(1),
+		0x40, 0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, // nlri(9)
+		0xb8, 0x00, 0x53, 0x00, // = "2001:db8:53::/64"
+		0x00,
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x90), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xf), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x0c), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP6), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_UNICAST), p.SAFI)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewIPv6AddrPrefix(64, "2001:db8:53::"),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithIPv6PrefixWithLinkLocalNexthop(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x80, 0x0e, 0x2c, // flags(1), type(1), length(1)
+		0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x20, // afi(2), safi(1), nexthoplen(1)
+		0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, 0xb8, // nexthop(32)
+		0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, // = "2001:db8:1::1"
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0xfe, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, // + "fe80::1" (link local)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00,                   // reserved(1)
+		0x30, 0x20, 0x10, 0x0a, // nlri(7)
+		0xb8, 0x00, 0x01, // = "2010:ab8:1::/48"
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x80), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xe), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x2c), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP6), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_UNICAST), p.SAFI)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8:1::1"), p.Nexthop)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("fe80::1"), p.LinkLocalNexthop)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewIPv6AddrPrefix(48, "2010:ab8:1::"),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+	// Test Serialize()
+	bufout, err := p.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test serialised value
+	assert.Equal(bufin, bufout)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithVPNv4Prefix(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x80, 0x0e, 0x20, // flags(1), type(1), length(1)
+		0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x0c, // afi(2), safi(1), nexthoplen(1)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // nexthop(12)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // = (rd:"0:0",) "172.20.0.1"
+		0xac, 0x14, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00,                   // reserved(1)
+		0x70, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, // nlri(15)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0xfd, 0xe8, // = label:16, rd:"65000:100", prefix:"10.1.1.0/24"
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x64,
+		0x0a, 0x01, 0x01,
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x80), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xe), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x20), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_MPLS_VPN), p.SAFI)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("172.20.0.1").To4(), p.Nexthop)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP(""), p.LinkLocalNexthop)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.1.1.0", *NewMPLSLabelStack(16),
+			NewRouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS(65000, 100)),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+	// Test Serialize()
+	bufout, err := p.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test serialised value
+	assert.Equal(bufin, bufout)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithVPNv6Prefix(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x80, 0x0e, 0x39, // flags(1), type(1), length(1)
+		0x00, 0x02, 0x80, 0x18, // afi(2), safi(1), nexthoplen(1)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // nexthop(24)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // = (rd:"0:0",) "2001:db8:1::1"
+		0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, 0xb8,
+		0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00,                   // reserved(1)
+		0xd4, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, // nlri(28)
+		0x00, 0x00, 0xfd, 0xe8, // = label:16, rd:"65000:100", prefix:"2001:1::/124"
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x64,
+		0x20, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x80), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xe), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x39), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP6), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_MPLS_VPN), p.SAFI)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8:1::1"), p.Nexthop)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP(""), p.LinkLocalNexthop)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewLabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix(124, "2001:1::", *NewMPLSLabelStack(16),
+			NewRouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS(65000, 100)),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+	// Test Serialize()
+	bufout, err := p.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test serialised value
+	assert.Equal(bufin, bufout)
+}
+
+func Test_MpReachNLRIWithIPv4PrefixWithIPv6Nexthop(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	bufin := []byte{
+		0x80, 0x0e, 0x19, // flags(1), type(1), length(1)
+		0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x10, // afi(1), safi(1), nexthoplen(1)
+		0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, 0xb8, // nexthop(32)
+		0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, // = "2001:db8:1::1"
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+		0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+		0x00,                   // reserved(1)
+		0x18, 0xc0, 0xa8, 0x0a, // nlri(7)
+	}
+	// Test DecodeFromBytes()
+	p := &PathAttributeMpReachNLRI{}
+	err := p.DecodeFromBytes(bufin)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test decoded values
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrFlag(0x80), p.Flags)
+	assert.Equal(BGPAttrType(0xe), p.Type)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(0x19), p.Length)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(AFI_IP), p.AFI)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(SAFI_UNICAST), p.SAFI)
+	assert.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8:1::1"), p.Nexthop)
+	value := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "192.168.10.0"),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(value, p.Value)
+	// Test Serialize()
+	bufout, err := p.Serialize()
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	// Test serialised value
+	assert.Equal(bufin, bufout)
+}
+
+func Test_ParseRouteDistinguisher(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	rd, _ := ParseRouteDistinguisher("100:1000")
+	rdType0, ok := rd.(*RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("Type of RD interface is not RouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS")
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(uint16(100), rdType0.Admin)
+	assert.Equal(uint32(1000), rdType0.Assigned)
+
+	rd, _ = ParseRouteDistinguisher("10.0.0.0:100")
+	rdType1, ok := rd.(*RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("Type of RD interface is not RouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS")
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal("10.0.0.0", rdType1.Admin.String())
+	assert.Equal(uint16(100), rdType1.Assigned)
+
+	rd, _ = ParseRouteDistinguisher("100.1000:10000")
+	rdType2, ok := rd.(*RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("Type of RD interface is not RouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS")
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(uint32((100<<16)|1000), rdType2.Admin)
+	assert.Equal(uint16(10000), rdType2.Assigned)
+}
+
+func Test_ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	// "single-homed"
+	esiZero := EthernetSegmentIdentifier{}
+	args := make([]string, 0)
+	esi, err := ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(esiZero, esi)
+	args = []string{"single-homed"}
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(esiZero, esi)
+
+	// ESI_ARBITRARY
+	args = []string{"ARBITRARY", "11:22:33:44:55:66:77:88:99"} // omit "ESI_"
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESI_ARBITRARY,
+		Value: []byte{0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x77, 0x88, 0x99},
+	}, esi)
+
+	// ESI_LACP
+	args = []string{"lacp", "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff", strconv.FormatInt(0x1122, 10)} // lower case
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESI_LACP,
+		Value: []byte{0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0x11, 0x22, 0x00},
+	}, esi)
+
+	// ESI_MSTP
+	args = []string{"esi_mstp", "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff", strconv.FormatInt(0x1122, 10)} // omit "ESI_" + lower case
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESI_MSTP,
+		Value: []byte{0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0x11, 0x22, 0x00},
+	}, esi)
+
+	// ESI_MAC
+	args = []string{"ESI_MAC", "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff", strconv.FormatInt(0x112233, 10)}
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESI_MAC,
+		Value: []byte{0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33},
+	}, esi)
+
+	// ESI_ROUTERID
+	args = []string{"ESI_ROUTERID", "1.1.1.1", strconv.FormatInt(0x11223344, 10)}
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESI_ROUTERID,
+		Value: []byte{0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x00},
+	}, esi)
+
+	// ESI_AS
+	args = []string{"ESI_AS", strconv.FormatInt(0xaabbccdd, 10), strconv.FormatInt(0x11223344, 10)}
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESI_AS,
+		Value: []byte{0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x00},
+	}, esi)
+
+	// Other
+	args = []string{"99", "11:22:33:44:55:66:77:88:99"}
+	esi, err = ParseEthernetSegmentIdentifier(args)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.Equal(EthernetSegmentIdentifier{
+		Type:  ESIType(99),
+		Value: []byte{0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x77, 0x88, 0x99},
+	}, esi)
+}
+
+func TestParseBogusShortData(t *testing.T) {
+	var bodies = []BGPBody{
+		&BGPOpen{},
+		&BGPUpdate{},
+		&BGPNotification{},
+		&BGPKeepAlive{},
+		&BGPRouteRefresh{},
+	}
+
+	for _, b := range bodies {
+		b.DecodeFromBytes([]byte{0})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFuzzCrashers(t *testing.T) {
+	var crashers = []string{
+		"000000000000000000\x01",
+	}
+
+	for _, f := range crashers {
+		ParseBGPMessage([]byte(f))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeFlowSpecOpValues(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		msg  string
+		args []string
+		want []string
+	}{
+		{
+			msg:  "valid match",
+			args: []string{"  &  <=80", " tcp  != udp ", " =!   SA   & =U!  F", " =  is-fragment+last-fragment"},
+			want: []string{"<=80", "tcp", "!=udp", "=!SA", "&=U", "!F", "=is-fragment+last-fragment"},
+		},
+		{
+			msg:  "RFC5575 trims & prefix",
+			args: []string{"&<=80"},
+			want: []string{"<=80"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.msg, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := normalizeFlowSpecOpValues(tt.args)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/bgpattrtype_string.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgpattrtype_string.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1a2cf1d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/bgpattrtype_string.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// generated by stringer -type BGPAttrType bgp.go; DO NOT EDIT
+
+package bgp
+
+import "fmt"
+
+const (
+	_BGPAttrType_name_0 = "BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINBGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATHBGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOPBGP_ATTR_TYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISCBGP_ATTR_TYPE_LOCAL_PREFBGP_ATTR_TYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATEBGP_ATTR_TYPE_AGGREGATORBGP_ATTR_TYPE_COMMUNITIESBGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGINATOR_IDBGP_ATTR_TYPE_CLUSTER_LIST"
+	_BGPAttrType_name_1 = "BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRIBGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRIBGP_ATTR_TYPE_EXTENDED_COMMUNITIESBGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_PATHBGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS4_AGGREGATOR"
+)
+
+var (
+	_BGPAttrType_index_0 = [...]uint8{0, 20, 41, 63, 92, 116, 146, 170, 195, 222, 248}
+	_BGPAttrType_index_1 = [...]uint8{0, 27, 56, 90, 112, 140}
+)
+
+func (i BGPAttrType) String() string {
+	switch {
+	case 1 <= i && i <= 10:
+		i -= 1
+		return _BGPAttrType_name_0[_BGPAttrType_index_0[i]:_BGPAttrType_index_0[i+1]]
+	case 14 <= i && i <= 18:
+		i -= 14
+		return _BGPAttrType_name_1[_BGPAttrType_index_1[i]:_BGPAttrType_index_1[i+1]]
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("BGPAttrType(%d)", i)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/constant.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/constant.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5ea7b414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/constant.go
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package bgp
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const AS_TRANS = 23456
+
+const BGP_PORT = 179
+
+type FSMState int
+
+const (
+	BGP_FSM_IDLE FSMState = iota
+	BGP_FSM_CONNECT
+	BGP_FSM_ACTIVE
+	BGP_FSM_OPENSENT
+	BGP_FSM_OPENCONFIRM
+	BGP_FSM_ESTABLISHED
+)
+
+// partially taken from http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/protocol-numbers.xhtml
+type Protocol int
+
+const (
+	Unknown Protocol = iota
+	ICMP             = 0x01
+	IGMP             = 0x02
+	TCP              = 0x06
+	EGP              = 0x08
+	IGP              = 0x09
+	UDP              = 0x11
+	RSVP             = 0x2e
+	GRE              = 0x2f
+	OSPF             = 0x59
+	IPIP             = 0x5e
+	PIM              = 0x67
+	SCTP             = 0x84
+)
+
+var ProtocolNameMap = map[Protocol]string{
+	Unknown: "unknown",
+	ICMP:    "icmp",
+	IGMP:    "igmp",
+	TCP:     "tcp",
+	EGP:     "egp",
+	IGP:     "igp",
+	UDP:     "udp",
+	RSVP:    "rsvp",
+	GRE:     "gre",
+	OSPF:    "ospf",
+	IPIP:    "ipip",
+	PIM:     "pim",
+	SCTP:    "sctp",
+}
+
+func (p Protocol) String() string {
+	name, ok := ProtocolNameMap[p]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", p)
+	}
+	return name
+}
+
+type TCPFlag int
+
+const (
+	_               TCPFlag = iota
+	TCP_FLAG_FIN            = 0x01
+	TCP_FLAG_SYN            = 0x02
+	TCP_FLAG_RST            = 0x04
+	TCP_FLAG_PUSH           = 0x08
+	TCP_FLAG_ACK            = 0x10
+	TCP_FLAG_URGENT         = 0x20
+	TCP_FLAG_ECE            = 0x40
+	TCP_FLAG_CWR            = 0x80
+)
+
+var TCPFlagNameMap = map[TCPFlag]string{
+	TCP_FLAG_FIN:    "F",
+	TCP_FLAG_SYN:    "S",
+	TCP_FLAG_RST:    "R",
+	TCP_FLAG_PUSH:   "P",
+	TCP_FLAG_ACK:    "A",
+	TCP_FLAG_URGENT: "U",
+	TCP_FLAG_CWR:    "C",
+	TCP_FLAG_ECE:    "E",
+}
+
+// Prepares a sorted list of flags because map iterations does not happen
+// in a consistent order in Golang.
+var TCPSortedFlags = []TCPFlag{
+	TCP_FLAG_FIN,
+	TCP_FLAG_SYN,
+	TCP_FLAG_RST,
+	TCP_FLAG_PUSH,
+	TCP_FLAG_ACK,
+	TCP_FLAG_URGENT,
+	TCP_FLAG_ECE,
+	TCP_FLAG_CWR,
+}
+
+func (f TCPFlag) String() string {
+	flags := make([]string, 0, len(TCPSortedFlags))
+	for _, v := range TCPSortedFlags {
+		if f&v > 0 {
+			flags = append(flags, TCPFlagNameMap[v])
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.Join(flags, "")
+}
+
+type BitmaskFlagOp uint8
+
+const (
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_OR        BitmaskFlagOp = iota
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH                   = 0x01
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT                     = 0x02
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT_MATCH               = 0x03
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND                     = 0x40
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_END                     = 0x80
+)
+
+var BitmaskFlagOpNameMap = map[BitmaskFlagOp]string{
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_OR:    " ",
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND:   "&",
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_END:   "E",
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT:   "!",
+	BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH: "=",
+}
+
+// Note: Meaning of "" is different from that of the numeric operator because
+// RFC5575 says if the Match bit in the bitmask operand is set, it should be
+// "strictly" matching against the given value.
+var BitmaskFlagOpValueMap = map[string]BitmaskFlagOp{
+	" ":  BITMASK_FLAG_OP_OR,
+	"":   BITMASK_FLAG_OP_OR,
+	"==": BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH,
+	"=":  BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH,
+	"!":  BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT,
+	"!=": BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT_MATCH,
+	"=!": BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT_MATCH, // For the backward compatibility
+	"&":  BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND,
+	"E":  BITMASK_FLAG_OP_END,
+}
+
+func (f BitmaskFlagOp) String() string {
+	ops := make([]string, 0)
+	if f&BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND > 0 {
+		ops = append(ops, BitmaskFlagOpNameMap[BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND])
+	} else {
+		ops = append(ops, BitmaskFlagOpNameMap[BITMASK_FLAG_OP_OR])
+	}
+	if f&BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT > 0 {
+		ops = append(ops, BitmaskFlagOpNameMap[BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT])
+	}
+	if f&BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH > 0 {
+		ops = append(ops, BitmaskFlagOpNameMap[BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH])
+	}
+	return strings.Join(ops, "")
+}
+
+type FragmentFlag int
+
+const (
+	FRAG_FLAG_NOT   FragmentFlag = iota
+	FRAG_FLAG_DONT               = 0x01
+	FRAG_FLAG_IS                 = 0x02
+	FRAG_FLAG_FIRST              = 0x04
+	FRAG_FLAG_LAST               = 0x08
+)
+
+var FragmentFlagNameMap = map[FragmentFlag]string{
+	FRAG_FLAG_NOT:   "not-a-fragment",
+	FRAG_FLAG_DONT:  "dont-fragment",
+	FRAG_FLAG_IS:    "is-fragment",
+	FRAG_FLAG_FIRST: "first-fragment",
+	FRAG_FLAG_LAST:  "last-fragment",
+}
+
+// Prepares a sorted list of flags because map iterations does not happen
+// in a consistent order in Golang.
+var FragmentSortedFlags = []FragmentFlag{
+	FRAG_FLAG_NOT,
+	FRAG_FLAG_DONT,
+	FRAG_FLAG_IS,
+	FRAG_FLAG_FIRST,
+	FRAG_FLAG_LAST,
+}
+
+func (f FragmentFlag) String() string {
+	flags := make([]string, 0, len(FragmentSortedFlags))
+	for _, v := range FragmentSortedFlags {
+		if f&v > 0 {
+			flags = append(flags, FragmentFlagNameMap[v])
+		}
+	}
+	// Note: If multiple bits are set, joins them with "+".
+	return strings.Join(flags, "+")
+}
+
+type DECNumOp uint8
+
+const (
+	DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE   DECNumOp = iota // true always with END bit set
+	DEC_NUM_OP_EQ              = 0x01
+	DEC_NUM_OP_GT              = 0x02
+	DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ           = 0x03
+	DEC_NUM_OP_LT              = 0x04
+	DEC_NUM_OP_LT_EQ           = 0x05
+	DEC_NUM_OP_NOT_EQ          = 0x06
+	DEC_NUM_OP_FALSE           = 0x07 // false always with END bit set
+	DEC_NUM_OP_OR              = 0x00
+	DEC_NUM_OP_AND             = 0x40
+	DEC_NUM_OP_END             = 0x80
+)
+
+var DECNumOpNameMap = map[DECNumOp]string{
+	DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE:   "true",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_EQ:     "==",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_GT:     ">",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ:  ">=",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_LT:     "<",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_LT_EQ:  "<=",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_NOT_EQ: "!=",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_FALSE:  "false",
+	//DEC_NUM_OP_OR:   " ", // duplicate with DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE
+	DEC_NUM_OP_AND: "&",
+	DEC_NUM_OP_END: "E",
+}
+
+var DECNumOpValueMap = map[string]DECNumOp{
+	"true":  DEC_NUM_OP_TRUE,
+	"":      DEC_NUM_OP_EQ,
+	"==":    DEC_NUM_OP_EQ,
+	"=":     DEC_NUM_OP_EQ,
+	">":     DEC_NUM_OP_GT,
+	">=":    DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ,
+	"<":     DEC_NUM_OP_LT,
+	"<=":    DEC_NUM_OP_LT_EQ,
+	"!=":    DEC_NUM_OP_NOT_EQ,
+	"=!":    DEC_NUM_OP_NOT_EQ,
+	"!":     DEC_NUM_OP_NOT_EQ,
+	"false": DEC_NUM_OP_FALSE,
+	" ":     DEC_NUM_OP_OR,
+	"&":     DEC_NUM_OP_AND,
+	"E":     DEC_NUM_OP_END,
+}
+
+func (f DECNumOp) String() string {
+	ops := make([]string, 0)
+	logicFlag := DECNumOp(f & 0xc0) // higher 2 bits
+	if logicFlag&DEC_NUM_OP_AND > 0 {
+		ops = append(ops, DECNumOpNameMap[DEC_NUM_OP_AND])
+	} else {
+		ops = append(ops, " ") // DEC_NUM_OP_OR
+	}
+	// Omits DEC_NUM_OP_END
+	cmpFlag := DECNumOp(f & 0x7) // lower 3 bits
+	for v, s := range DECNumOpNameMap {
+		if cmpFlag == v {
+			ops = append(ops, s)
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.Join(ops, "")
+}
+
+// Potentially taken from https://www.iana.org/assignments/ieee-802-numbers/ieee-802-numbers.xhtml
+type EthernetType int
+
+const (
+	IPv4            EthernetType = 0x0800
+	ARP             EthernetType = 0x0806
+	RARP            EthernetType = 0x8035
+	VMTP            EthernetType = 0x805B
+	APPLE_TALK      EthernetType = 0x809B
+	AARP            EthernetType = 0x80F3
+	IPX             EthernetType = 0x8137
+	SNMP            EthernetType = 0x814C
+	NET_BIOS        EthernetType = 0x8191
+	XTP             EthernetType = 0x817D
+	IPv6            EthernetType = 0x86DD
+	PPPoE_DISCOVERY EthernetType = 0x8863
+	PPPoE_SESSION   EthernetType = 0x8864
+	LOOPBACK        EthernetType = 0x9000
+)
+
+var EthernetTypeNameMap = map[EthernetType]string{
+	IPv4:            "ipv4",
+	ARP:             "arp",
+	RARP:            "rarp",
+	VMTP:            "vmtp",
+	APPLE_TALK:      "apple-talk",
+	AARP:            "aarp",
+	IPX:             "ipx",
+	SNMP:            "snmp",
+	NET_BIOS:        "net-bios",
+	XTP:             "xtp",
+	IPv6:            "ipv6",
+	PPPoE_DISCOVERY: "pppoe-discovery",
+	PPPoE_SESSION:   "pppoe-session",
+	LOOPBACK:        "loopback",
+}
+
+func (t EthernetType) String() string {
+	if name, ok := EthernetTypeNameMap[t]; ok {
+		return name
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", t)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/esitype_string.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/esitype_string.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5651bda8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/esitype_string.go
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// generated by stringer -type=ESIType bgp.go validate.go; DO NOT EDIT
+
+package bgp
+
+import "fmt"
+
+const _ESIType_name = "ESI_ARBITRARYESI_LACPESI_MSTPESI_MACESI_ROUTERIDESI_AS"
+
+var _ESIType_index = [...]uint8{0, 13, 21, 29, 36, 48, 54}
+
+func (i ESIType) String() string {
+	if i+1 >= ESIType(len(_ESIType_index)) {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("ESIType(%d)", i)
+	}
+	return _ESIType_name[_ESIType_index[i]:_ESIType_index[i+1]]
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/fsmstate_string.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/fsmstate_string.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4416afc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/fsmstate_string.go
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// generated by stringer -type=FSMState -output=fsmstate_string.go bgp.go validate.go mrt.go rtr.go constant.go bmp.go esitype_string.go bgpattrtype_string.go; DO NOT EDIT
+
+package bgp
+
+import "fmt"
+
+const _FSMState_name = "BGP_FSM_IDLEBGP_FSM_CONNECTBGP_FSM_ACTIVEBGP_FSM_OPENSENTBGP_FSM_OPENCONFIRMBGP_FSM_ESTABLISHED"
+
+var _FSMState_index = [...]uint8{0, 12, 27, 41, 57, 76, 95}
+
+func (i FSMState) String() string {
+	if i < 0 || i >= FSMState(len(_FSMState_index)-1) {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("FSMState(%d)", i)
+	}
+	return _FSMState_name[_FSMState_index[i]:_FSMState_index[i+1]]
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/helper.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/helper.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34648b2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/helper.go
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2016 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package bgp
+
+func NewTestBGPOpenMessage() *BGPMessage {
+	p1 := NewOptionParameterCapability(
+		[]ParameterCapabilityInterface{NewCapRouteRefresh()})
+	p2 := NewOptionParameterCapability(
+		[]ParameterCapabilityInterface{NewCapMultiProtocol(RF_IPv4_UC)})
+	g := &CapGracefulRestartTuple{4, 2, 3}
+	p3 := NewOptionParameterCapability(
+		[]ParameterCapabilityInterface{NewCapGracefulRestart(false, true, 100,
+			[]*CapGracefulRestartTuple{g})})
+	p4 := NewOptionParameterCapability(
+		[]ParameterCapabilityInterface{NewCapFourOctetASNumber(100000)})
+	p5 := NewOptionParameterCapability(
+		[]ParameterCapabilityInterface{NewCapAddPath([]*CapAddPathTuple{NewCapAddPathTuple(RF_IPv4_UC, BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH)})})
+	return NewBGPOpenMessage(11033, 303, "100.4.10.3",
+		[]OptionParameterInterface{p1, p2, p3, p4, p5})
+}
+
+func NewTestBGPUpdateMessage() *BGPMessage {
+	w1 := NewIPAddrPrefix(23, "121.1.3.2")
+	w2 := NewIPAddrPrefix(17, "100.33.3.0")
+	w := []*IPAddrPrefix{w1, w2}
+
+	aspath1 := []AsPathParamInterface{
+		NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1000}),
+		NewAsPathParam(1, []uint16{1001, 1002}),
+		NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1003, 1004}),
+	}
+
+	aspath2 := []AsPathParamInterface{
+		NewAs4PathParam(2, []uint32{1000000}),
+		NewAs4PathParam(1, []uint32{1000001, 1002}),
+		NewAs4PathParam(2, []uint32{1003, 100004}),
+	}
+
+	aspath3 := []*As4PathParam{
+		NewAs4PathParam(2, []uint32{1000000}),
+		NewAs4PathParam(1, []uint32{1000001, 1002}),
+		NewAs4PathParam(2, []uint32{1003, 100004}),
+	}
+
+	isTransitive := true
+
+	ecommunities := []ExtendedCommunityInterface{
+		NewTwoOctetAsSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, 10003, 3<<20, isTransitive),
+		NewFourOctetAsSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, 1<<20, 300, isTransitive),
+		NewIPv4AddressSpecificExtended(EC_SUBTYPE_ROUTE_TARGET, "192.2.1.2", 3000, isTransitive),
+		NewOpaqueExtended(false, []byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}),
+		NewValidationExtended(VALIDATION_STATE_INVALID),
+		NewUnknownExtended(99, []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}),
+		NewESILabelExtended(1000, true),
+		NewESImportRouteTarget("11:22:33:44:55:66"),
+		NewMacMobilityExtended(123, false),
+	}
+
+	prefixes1 := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(24, "192.0.9.0", *NewMPLSLabelStack(1, 2, 3),
+			NewRouteDistinguisherTwoOctetAS(256, 10000)),
+		NewLabeledVPNIPAddrPrefix(24, "192.10.8.0", *NewMPLSLabelStack(5, 6, 7, 8),
+			NewRouteDistinguisherIPAddressAS("10.0.1.1", 10001)),
+	}
+
+	prefixes2 := []AddrPrefixInterface{NewIPv6AddrPrefix(128,
+		"fe80:1234:1234:5667:8967:af12:8912:1023")}
+
+	prefixes3 := []AddrPrefixInterface{NewLabeledVPNIPv6AddrPrefix(128,
+		"fe80:1234:1234:5667:8967:af12:1203:33a1", *NewMPLSLabelStack(5, 6),
+		NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6))}
+
+	prefixes4 := []AddrPrefixInterface{NewLabeledIPAddrPrefix(25, "192.168.0.0",
+		*NewMPLSLabelStack(5, 6, 7))}
+
+	prefixes5 := []AddrPrefixInterface{
+		NewEVPNEthernetAutoDiscoveryRoute(NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6), EthernetSegmentIdentifier{ESI_ARBITRARY, make([]byte, 9)}, 2, 2),
+		NewEVPNMacIPAdvertisementRoute(NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6), EthernetSegmentIdentifier{ESI_ARBITRARY, make([]byte, 9)}, 3, "01:23:45:67:89:ab", "192.2.1.2", []uint32{3, 4}),
+		NewEVPNMulticastEthernetTagRoute(NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6), 3, "192.2.1.2"),
+		NewEVPNEthernetSegmentRoute(NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6), EthernetSegmentIdentifier{ESI_ARBITRARY, make([]byte, 9)}, "192.2.1.1"),
+		NewEVPNIPPrefixRoute(NewRouteDistinguisherFourOctetAS(5, 6), EthernetSegmentIdentifier{ESI_ARBITRARY, make([]byte, 9)}, 5, 24, "192.2.1.0", "192.3.1.1", 5),
+	}
+
+	p := []PathAttributeInterface{
+		NewPathAttributeOrigin(3),
+		NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath1),
+		NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath2),
+		NewPathAttributeNextHop("129.1.1.2"),
+		NewPathAttributeMultiExitDisc(1 << 20),
+		NewPathAttributeLocalPref(1 << 22),
+		NewPathAttributeAtomicAggregate(),
+		NewPathAttributeAggregator(uint16(30002), "129.0.2.99"),
+		NewPathAttributeAggregator(uint32(30002), "129.0.2.99"),
+		NewPathAttributeAggregator(uint32(300020), "129.0.2.99"),
+		NewPathAttributeCommunities([]uint32{1, 3}),
+		NewPathAttributeOriginatorId("10.10.0.1"),
+		NewPathAttributeClusterList([]string{"10.10.0.2", "10.10.0.3"}),
+		NewPathAttributeExtendedCommunities(ecommunities),
+		NewPathAttributeAs4Path(aspath3),
+		NewPathAttributeAs4Aggregator(10000, "112.22.2.1"),
+		NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("112.22.2.0", prefixes1),
+		NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("1023::", prefixes2),
+		NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("fe80::", prefixes3),
+		NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("129.1.1.1", prefixes4),
+		NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("129.1.1.1", prefixes5),
+		NewPathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI(prefixes1),
+		//NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("112.22.2.0", []AddrPrefixInterface{}),
+		//NewPathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI([]AddrPrefixInterface{}),
+		NewPathAttributeUnknown(BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE, 100, []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}),
+	}
+	n := []*IPAddrPrefix{NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "13.2.3.1")}
+	return NewBGPUpdateMessage(w, p, n)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/validate.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/validate.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60cf26e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/validate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+package bgp
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+// Validator for BGPUpdate
+func ValidateUpdateMsg(m *BGPUpdate, rfs map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode, isEBGP bool, isConfed bool) (bool, error) {
+	var strongestError error
+
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCodeAttrList := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
+	eSubCodeMissing := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MISSING_WELL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE)
+
+	if len(m.NLRI) > 0 || len(m.WithdrawnRoutes) > 0 {
+		if _, ok := rfs[RF_IPv4_UC]; !ok {
+			return false, NewMessageError(0, 0, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Address-family rf %d not available for session", RF_IPv4_UC))
+		}
+	}
+
+	seen := make(map[BGPAttrType]PathAttributeInterface)
+	newAttrs := make([]PathAttributeInterface, 0, len(seen))
+	// check path attribute
+	for _, a := range m.PathAttributes {
+		// check duplication
+		if _, ok := seen[a.GetType()]; !ok {
+			seen[a.GetType()] = a
+			newAttrs = append(newAttrs, a)
+			//check specific path attribute
+			ok, err := ValidateAttribute(a, rfs, isEBGP, isConfed)
+			if !ok {
+				if err.(*MessageError).ErrorHandling == ERROR_HANDLING_SESSION_RESET {
+					return false, err
+				} else if err.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+					strongestError = err
+				}
+			}
+		} else if a.GetType() == BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI || a.GetType() == BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI {
+			eMsg := "the path attribute apears twice. Type : " + strconv.Itoa(int(a.GetType()))
+			return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCodeAttrList, nil, eMsg)
+		} else {
+			eMsg := "the path attribute apears twice. Type : " + strconv.Itoa(int(a.GetType()))
+			e := NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(eCode, eSubCodeAttrList, nil, ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD, nil, eMsg)
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	m.PathAttributes = newAttrs
+
+	if _, ok := seen[BGP_ATTR_TYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI]; ok || len(m.NLRI) > 0 {
+		// check the existence of well-known mandatory attributes
+		exist := func(attrs []BGPAttrType) (bool, BGPAttrType) {
+			for _, attr := range attrs {
+				_, ok := seen[attr]
+				if !ok {
+					return false, attr
+				}
+			}
+			return true, 0
+		}
+		mandatory := []BGPAttrType{BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN, BGP_ATTR_TYPE_AS_PATH}
+		if len(m.NLRI) > 0 {
+			mandatory = append(mandatory, BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP)
+		}
+		if ok, t := exist(mandatory); !ok {
+			eMsg := "well-known mandatory attributes are not present. type : " + strconv.Itoa(int(t))
+			data := []byte{byte(t)}
+			e := NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(eCode, eSubCodeMissing, data, ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, nil, eMsg)
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return strongestError == nil, strongestError
+}
+
+func ValidateAttribute(a PathAttributeInterface, rfs map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode, isEBGP bool, isConfed bool) (bool, error) {
+	var strongestError error
+
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCodeBadOrigin := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_ORIGIN_ATTRIBUTE)
+	eSubCodeBadNextHop := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NEXT_HOP_ATTRIBUTE)
+	eSubCodeUnknown := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNRECOGNIZED_WELL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE)
+	eSubCodeMalformedAspath := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH)
+
+	checkPrefix := func(l []AddrPrefixInterface) error {
+		for _, prefix := range l {
+			rf := AfiSafiToRouteFamily(prefix.AFI(), prefix.SAFI())
+			if _, ok := rfs[rf]; !ok {
+				return NewMessageError(0, 0, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Address-family %s not available for this session", rf))
+			}
+			switch rf {
+			case RF_FS_IPv4_UC, RF_FS_IPv6_UC, RF_FS_IPv4_VPN, RF_FS_IPv6_VPN, RF_FS_L2_VPN:
+				t := BGPFlowSpecType(0)
+				value := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+				switch rf {
+				case RF_FS_IPv4_UC:
+					value = prefix.(*FlowSpecIPv4Unicast).Value
+				case RF_FS_IPv6_UC:
+					value = prefix.(*FlowSpecIPv6Unicast).Value
+				case RF_FS_IPv4_VPN:
+					value = prefix.(*FlowSpecIPv4VPN).Value
+				case RF_FS_IPv6_VPN:
+					value = prefix.(*FlowSpecIPv6VPN).Value
+				case RF_FS_L2_VPN:
+					value = prefix.(*FlowSpecL2VPN).Value
+				}
+				for _, v := range value {
+					if v.Type() <= t {
+						return NewMessageError(0, 0, nil, fmt.Sprintf("%s nlri violate strict type ordering", rf))
+					}
+					t = v.Type()
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	switch p := a.(type) {
+	case *PathAttributeMpUnreachNLRI:
+		rf := AfiSafiToRouteFamily(p.AFI, p.SAFI)
+		if _, ok := rfs[rf]; !ok {
+			return false, NewMessageError(0, 0, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Address-family rf %d not available for session", rf))
+		}
+		if err := checkPrefix(p.Value); err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+	case *PathAttributeMpReachNLRI:
+		rf := AfiSafiToRouteFamily(p.AFI, p.SAFI)
+		if _, ok := rfs[rf]; !ok {
+			return false, NewMessageError(0, 0, nil, fmt.Sprintf("Address-family rf %d not available for session", rf))
+		}
+		if err := checkPrefix(p.Value); err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+	case *PathAttributeOrigin:
+		v := uint8(p.Value)
+		if v != BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_IGP &&
+			v != BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_EGP &&
+			v != BGP_ORIGIN_ATTR_TYPE_INCOMPLETE {
+			data, _ := a.Serialize()
+			eMsg := "invalid origin attribute. value : " + strconv.Itoa(int(v))
+			e := NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(eCode, eSubCodeBadOrigin, data, getErrorHandlingFromPathAttribute(p.GetType()), nil, eMsg)
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+		}
+	case *PathAttributeNextHop:
+
+		isZero := func(ip net.IP) bool {
+			res := ip[0] & 0xff
+			return res == 0x00
+		}
+
+		isClassDorE := func(ip net.IP) bool {
+			res := ip[0] & 0xe0
+			return res == 0xe0
+		}
+
+		//check IP address represents host address
+		if p.Value.IsLoopback() || isZero(p.Value) || isClassDorE(p.Value) {
+			eMsg := "invalid nexthop address"
+			data, _ := a.Serialize()
+			e := NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(eCode, eSubCodeBadNextHop, data, getErrorHandlingFromPathAttribute(p.GetType()), nil, eMsg)
+			if e.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+				strongestError = e
+			}
+		}
+	case *PathAttributeAsPath:
+		if isEBGP {
+			if isConfed {
+				if segType := p.Value[0].GetType(); segType != BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ {
+					return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCodeMalformedAspath, nil, fmt.Sprintf("segment type is not confederation seq (%d)", segType))
+				}
+			} else {
+				for _, param := range p.Value {
+					segType := param.GetType()
+					switch segType {
+					case BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET, BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ:
+						err := NewMessageErrorWithErrorHandling(
+							eCode, eSubCodeMalformedAspath, nil, getErrorHandlingFromPathAttribute(p.GetType()), nil, fmt.Sprintf("segment type confederation(%d) found", segType))
+						if err.(*MessageError).Stronger(strongestError) {
+							strongestError = err
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	case *PathAttributeLargeCommunities:
+		uniq := make([]*LargeCommunity, 0, len(p.Values))
+		for _, x := range p.Values {
+			found := false
+			for _, y := range uniq {
+				if x.String() == y.String() {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if !found {
+				uniq = append(uniq, x)
+			}
+		}
+		p.Values = uniq
+
+	case *PathAttributeUnknown:
+		if p.GetFlags()&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL == 0 {
+			eMsg := fmt.Sprintf("unrecognized well-known attribute %s", p.GetType())
+			data, _ := a.Serialize()
+			return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCodeUnknown, data, eMsg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return strongestError == nil, strongestError
+}
+
+// validator for PathAttribute
+func validatePathAttributeFlags(t BGPAttrType, flags BGPAttrFlag) string {
+
+	/*
+	 * RFC 4271 P.17 For well-known attributes, the Transitive bit MUST be set to 1.
+	 */
+	if flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL == 0 && flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE == 0 {
+		eMsg := fmt.Sprintf("well-known attribute %s must have transitive flag 1", t)
+		return eMsg
+	}
+	/*
+	 * RFC 4271 P.17 For well-known attributes and for optional non-transitive attributes,
+	 * the Partial bit MUST be set to 0.
+	 */
+	if flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL == 0 && flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL != 0 {
+		eMsg := fmt.Sprintf("well-known attribute %s must have partial bit 0", t)
+		return eMsg
+	}
+	if flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL != 0 && flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE == 0 && flags&BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL != 0 {
+		eMsg := fmt.Sprintf("optional non-transitive attribute %s must have partial bit 0", t)
+		return eMsg
+	}
+
+	// check flags are correct
+	if f, ok := PathAttrFlags[t]; ok {
+		if f != flags & ^BGP_ATTR_FLAG_EXTENDED_LENGTH & ^BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL {
+			eMsg := fmt.Sprintf("flags are invalid. attribute type: %s, expect: %s, actual: %s", t, f, flags)
+			return eMsg
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func validateAsPathValueBytes(data []byte) (bool, error) {
+	eCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR)
+	eSubCode := uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH)
+	if len(data)%2 != 0 {
+		return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS PATH length is not odd")
+	}
+
+	tryParse := func(data []byte, use4byte bool) (bool, error) {
+		for len(data) > 0 {
+			if len(data) < 2 {
+				return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS PATH header is short")
+			}
+			segType := data[0]
+			if segType == 0 || segType > 4 {
+				return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "unknown AS_PATH seg type")
+			}
+			asNum := data[1]
+			data = data[2:]
+			if asNum == 0 || int(asNum) > math.MaxUint8 {
+				return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "AS PATH the number of AS is incorrect")
+			}
+			segLength := int(asNum)
+			if use4byte {
+				segLength *= 4
+			} else {
+				segLength *= 2
+			}
+			if int(segLength) > len(data) {
+				return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "seg length is short")
+			}
+			data = data[segLength:]
+		}
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	_, err := tryParse(data, true)
+	if err == nil {
+		return true, nil
+	}
+
+	_, err = tryParse(data, false)
+	if err == nil {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	return false, NewMessageError(eCode, eSubCode, nil, "can't parse AS_PATH")
+}
+
+func ValidateBGPMessage(m *BGPMessage) error {
+	if m.Header.Len > BGP_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH {
+		buf := make([]byte, 2)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, m.Header.Len)
+		return NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_MESSAGE_LENGTH, buf, "too long length")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func ValidateOpenMsg(m *BGPOpen, expectedAS uint32) (uint32, error) {
+	if m.Version != 4 {
+		return 0, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION_NUMBER, nil, fmt.Sprintf("unsupported version %d", m.Version))
+	}
+
+	as := uint32(m.MyAS)
+	for _, p := range m.OptParams {
+		paramCap, y := p.(*OptionParameterCapability)
+		if !y {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, c := range paramCap.Capability {
+			if c.Code() == BGP_CAP_FOUR_OCTET_AS_NUMBER {
+				cap := c.(*CapFourOctetASNumber)
+				as = cap.CapValue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if expectedAS != 0 && as != expectedAS {
+		return 0, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_BAD_PEER_AS, nil, fmt.Sprintf("as number mismatch expected %d, received %d", expectedAS, as))
+	}
+
+	if m.HoldTime < 3 && m.HoldTime != 0 {
+		return 0, NewMessageError(BGP_ERROR_OPEN_MESSAGE_ERROR, BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNACCEPTABLE_HOLD_TIME, nil, fmt.Sprintf("unacceptable hold time %d", m.HoldTime))
+	}
+	return as, nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bgp/validate_test.go b/pkg/packet/bgp/validate_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8bdec550
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bgp/validate_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+package bgp
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func bgpupdate() *BGPMessage {
+	aspath := []AsPathParamInterface{
+		NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{65001}),
+	}
+
+	p := []PathAttributeInterface{
+		NewPathAttributeOrigin(1),
+		NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath),
+		NewPathAttributeNextHop("192.168.1.1"),
+	}
+
+	n := []*IPAddrPrefix{NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.10.10.0")}
+	return NewBGPUpdateMessage(nil, p, n)
+}
+
+func bgpupdateV6() *BGPMessage {
+	aspath := []AsPathParamInterface{
+		NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{65001}),
+	}
+
+	prefixes := []AddrPrefixInterface{NewIPv6AddrPrefix(100,
+		"fe80:1234:1234:5667:8967:af12:8912:1023")}
+
+	p := []PathAttributeInterface{
+		NewPathAttributeOrigin(1),
+		NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath),
+		NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("1023::", prefixes),
+	}
+	return NewBGPUpdateMessage(nil, p, nil)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_CapV4(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv6_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+
+	res, err = ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(true, res)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_CapV6(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdateV6().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv6_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.NoError(err)
+	assert.True(res)
+
+	res, err = ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	assert.False(res)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_OK(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(true, res)
+	assert.NoError(err)
+
+}
+
+// func Test_Validate_wellknown_but_nontransitive(t *testing.T) {
+// 	assert := assert.New(t)
+// 	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+// 	originBytes := []byte{0, 1, 1, 1} // 0 means Flags
+// 	origin := &PathAttributeOrigin{}
+// 	origin.DecodeFromBytes(originBytes)
+// 	message.PathAttributes[0] = origin
+
+// 	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, []RouteFamily{RF_IPv4_UC,})
+// 	assert.Equal(false, res)
+// 	assert.Error(err)
+// 	e := err.(*MessageError)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, e.TypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR, e.SubTypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(originBytes, e.Data)
+// }
+
+// func Test_Validate_wellknown_but_partial(t *testing.T) {
+// 	assert := assert.New(t)
+// 	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+// 	originBytes := []byte{BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL, 1, 1, 1}
+// 	origin := &PathAttributeOrigin{}
+// 	origin.DecodeFromBytes(originBytes)
+// 	message.PathAttributes[0] = origin
+
+// 	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, []RouteFamily{RF_IPv4_UC,})
+// 	assert.Equal(false, res)
+// 	assert.Error(err)
+// 	e := err.(*MessageError)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, e.TypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR, e.SubTypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(originBytes, e.Data)
+// }
+
+// func Test_Validate_optional_nontransitive_but_partial(t *testing.T) {
+// 	assert := assert.New(t)
+// 	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+// 	f := BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL | BGP_ATTR_FLAG_PARTIAL
+// 	originBytes := []byte{byte(f), 1, 1, 1}
+// 	origin := &PathAttributeOrigin{}
+// 	origin.DecodeFromBytes(originBytes)
+// 	message.PathAttributes[0] = origin
+
+// 	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, []RouteFamily{RF_IPv4_UC,})
+// 	assert.Equal(false, res)
+// 	assert.Error(err)
+// 	e := err.(*MessageError)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, e.TypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR, e.SubTypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(originBytes, e.Data)
+// }
+
+// func Test_Validate_flag_mismatch(t *testing.T) {
+// 	assert := assert.New(t)
+// 	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+// 	f := BGP_ATTR_FLAG_OPTIONAL
+// 	// origin needs to be well-known
+// 	originBytes := []byte{byte(f), 1, 1, 1}
+// 	origin := &PathAttributeOrigin{}
+// 	origin.DecodeFromBytes(originBytes)
+// 	message.PathAttributes[0] = origin
+
+// 	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, []RouteFamily{RF_IPv4_UC,})
+// 	assert.Equal(false, res)
+// 	assert.Error(err)
+// 	e := err.(*MessageError)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR, e.TypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(BGP_ERROR_SUB_ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERROR, e.SubTypeCode)
+// 	assert.Equal(originBytes, e.Data)
+// }
+
+func Test_Validate_duplicate_attribute(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	// duplicate origin path attribute
+	originBytes := []byte{byte(PathAttrFlags[BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN]), 1, 1, 1}
+	origin := &PathAttributeOrigin{}
+	origin.DecodeFromBytes(originBytes)
+	message.PathAttributes = append(message.PathAttributes, origin)
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_ATTRIBUTE_LIST), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_ATTRIBUTE_DISCARD, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Nil(e.Data)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_mandatory_missing(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	message.PathAttributes = message.PathAttributes[1:]
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MISSING_WELL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	missing, _ := binary.Uvarint(e.Data)
+	assert.Equal(uint64(1), missing)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_mandatory_missing_nocheck(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	message.PathAttributes = message.PathAttributes[1:]
+	message.NLRI = nil
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(true, res)
+	assert.NoError(err)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_invalid_origin(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	// origin needs to be well-known
+	originBytes := []byte{byte(PathAttrFlags[BGP_ATTR_TYPE_ORIGIN]), 1, 1, 5}
+	origin := &PathAttributeOrigin{}
+	origin.DecodeFromBytes(originBytes)
+	message.PathAttributes[0] = origin
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_ORIGIN_ATTRIBUTE), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Equal(originBytes, e.Data)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_invalid_nexthop_zero(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+	// invalid nexthop
+	addr := net.ParseIP("0.0.0.1").To4()
+	nexthopBytes := []byte{byte(PathAttrFlags[BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP]), 3, 4}
+	nexthopBytes = append(nexthopBytes, addr...)
+	nexthop := &PathAttributeNextHop{}
+	nexthop.DecodeFromBytes(nexthopBytes)
+	message.PathAttributes[2] = nexthop
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NEXT_HOP_ATTRIBUTE), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Equal(nexthopBytes, e.Data)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_invalid_nexthop_lo(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+	// invalid nexthop
+	addr := net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1").To4()
+	nexthopBytes := []byte{byte(PathAttrFlags[BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP]), 3, 4}
+	nexthopBytes = append(nexthopBytes, addr...)
+	nexthop := &PathAttributeNextHop{}
+	nexthop.DecodeFromBytes(nexthopBytes)
+	message.PathAttributes[2] = nexthop
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NEXT_HOP_ATTRIBUTE), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Equal(nexthopBytes, e.Data)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_invalid_nexthop_de(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+	// invalid nexthop
+	addr := net.ParseIP("224.0.0.1").To4()
+	nexthopBytes := []byte{byte(PathAttrFlags[BGP_ATTR_TYPE_NEXT_HOP]), 3, 4}
+	nexthopBytes = append(nexthopBytes, addr...)
+	nexthop := &PathAttributeNextHop{}
+	nexthop.DecodeFromBytes(nexthopBytes)
+	message.PathAttributes[2] = nexthop
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_INVALID_NEXT_HOP_ATTRIBUTE), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Equal(nexthopBytes, e.Data)
+
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_unrecognized_well_known(t *testing.T) {
+
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+	f := BGP_ATTR_FLAG_TRANSITIVE
+	unknownBytes := []byte{byte(f), 30, 1, 1}
+	unknown := &PathAttributeUnknown{}
+	unknown.DecodeFromBytes(unknownBytes)
+	message.PathAttributes = append(message.PathAttributes, unknown)
+
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, false, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_UNRECOGNIZED_WELL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_SESSION_RESET, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Equal(unknownBytes, e.Data)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_aspath(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	message := bgpupdate().Body.(*BGPUpdate)
+
+	// VALID AS_PATH
+	res, err := ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, true, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(true, res)
+
+	// CONFED_SET
+	newAttrs := make([]PathAttributeInterface, 0)
+	attrs := message.PathAttributes
+	for _, attr := range attrs {
+		if _, y := attr.(*PathAttributeAsPath); y {
+			aspath := []AsPathParamInterface{
+				NewAsPathParam(BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SET, []uint16{65001}),
+			}
+			newAttrs = append(newAttrs, NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath))
+		} else {
+			newAttrs = append(newAttrs, attr)
+		}
+	}
+
+	message.PathAttributes = newAttrs
+	res, err = ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, true, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e := err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Nil(e.Data)
+
+	res, err = ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, true, true)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e = err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Nil(e.Data)
+
+	// CONFED_SEQ
+	newAttrs = make([]PathAttributeInterface, 0)
+	attrs = message.PathAttributes
+	for _, attr := range attrs {
+		if _, y := attr.(*PathAttributeAsPath); y {
+			aspath := []AsPathParamInterface{
+				NewAsPathParam(BGP_ASPATH_ATTR_TYPE_CONFED_SEQ, []uint16{65001}),
+			}
+			newAttrs = append(newAttrs, NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath))
+		} else {
+			newAttrs = append(newAttrs, attr)
+		}
+	}
+
+	message.PathAttributes = newAttrs
+	res, err = ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, true, false)
+	assert.Equal(false, res)
+	assert.Error(err)
+	e = err.(*MessageError)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_UPDATE_MESSAGE_ERROR), e.TypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(uint8(BGP_ERROR_SUB_MALFORMED_AS_PATH), e.SubTypeCode)
+	assert.Equal(ERROR_HANDLING_TREAT_AS_WITHDRAW, e.ErrorHandling)
+	assert.Nil(e.Data)
+
+	res, err = ValidateUpdateMsg(message, map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_BOTH}, true, true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(true, res)
+}
+
+func Test_Validate_flowspec(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	cmp := make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	item1 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_EQ, TCP)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_IP_PROTO, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item1}))
+	item2 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_GT_EQ, 20)
+	item3 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_AND|DEC_NUM_OP_LT_EQ, 30)
+	item4 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(DEC_NUM_OP_EQ, 10)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DST_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_SRC_PORT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_TYPE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_ICMP_CODE, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	item5 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(0, TCP_FLAG_ACK)
+	item6 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_AND|BITMASK_FLAG_OP_NOT, TCP_FLAG_URGENT)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_TCP_FLAG, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item5, item6}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_PKT_LEN, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_DSCP, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item2, item3, item4}))
+	isFragment := uint64(0x02)
+	item7 := NewFlowSpecComponentItem(BITMASK_FLAG_OP_MATCH, isFragment)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecComponent(FLOW_SPEC_TYPE_FRAGMENT, []*FlowSpecComponentItem{item7}))
+	n1 := NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp)
+	a := NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("", []AddrPrefixInterface{n1})
+	m := map[RouteFamily]BGPAddPathMode{RF_FS_IPv4_UC: BGP_ADD_PATH_NONE}
+	_, err := ValidateAttribute(a, m, false, false)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+
+	cmp = make([]FlowSpecComponentInterface, 0)
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecSourcePrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	cmp = append(cmp, NewFlowSpecDestinationPrefix(NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "10.0.0.0")))
+	n1 = NewFlowSpecIPv4Unicast(cmp)
+	a = NewPathAttributeMpReachNLRI("", []AddrPrefixInterface{n1})
+	// Swaps components order to reproduce the rules order violation.
+	n1.Value[0], n1.Value[1] = n1.Value[1], n1.Value[0]
+	_, err = ValidateAttribute(a, m, false, false)
+	assert.NotNil(err)
+}
+
+func TestValidateLargeCommunities(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	c1, err := ParseLargeCommunity("10:10:10")
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	c2, err := ParseLargeCommunity("10:10:10")
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	c3, err := ParseLargeCommunity("10:10:20")
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	a := NewPathAttributeLargeCommunities([]*LargeCommunity{c1, c2, c3})
+	assert.True(len(a.Values) == 3)
+	_, err = ValidateAttribute(a, nil, false, false)
+	assert.Nil(err)
+	assert.True(len(a.Values) == 2)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bmp/bmp.go b/pkg/packet/bmp/bmp.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..535ef4b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bmp/bmp.go
@@ -0,0 +1,1072 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014,2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package bmp
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net"
+
+	"github.com/osrg/gobgp/pkg/packet/bgp"
+)
+
+type BMPHeader struct {
+	Version uint8
+	Length  uint32
+	Type    uint8
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_VERSION          = 3
+	BMP_HEADER_SIZE      = 6
+	BMP_PEER_HEADER_SIZE = 42
+)
+
+const (
+	BMP_DEFAULT_PORT = 11019
+)
+
+const (
+	BMP_PEER_TYPE_GLOBAL uint8 = iota
+	BMP_PEER_TYPE_L3VPN
+	BMP_PEER_TYPE_LOCAL
+	BMP_PEER_TYPE_LOCAL_RIB
+)
+
+const (
+	BMP_PEER_FLAG_IPV6        = 1 << 7
+	BMP_PEER_FLAG_POST_POLICY = 1 << 6
+	BMP_PEER_FLAG_TWO_AS      = 1 << 5
+	BMP_PEER_FLAG_FILTERED    = 1 << 6
+)
+
+func (h *BMPHeader) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	h.Version = data[0]
+	if data[0] != BMP_VERSION {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error version")
+	}
+	h.Length = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[1:5])
+	h.Type = data[5]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *BMPHeader) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, BMP_HEADER_SIZE)
+	buf[0] = h.Version
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:], h.Length)
+	buf[5] = h.Type
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPPeerHeader struct {
+	PeerType          uint8
+	Flags             uint8
+	PeerDistinguisher uint64
+	PeerAddress       net.IP
+	PeerAS            uint32
+	PeerBGPID         net.IP
+	Timestamp         float64
+}
+
+func NewBMPPeerHeader(t uint8, flags uint8, dist uint64, address string, as uint32, id string, stamp float64) *BMPPeerHeader {
+	h := &BMPPeerHeader{
+		PeerType:          t,
+		Flags:             flags,
+		PeerDistinguisher: dist,
+		PeerAS:            as,
+		PeerBGPID:         net.ParseIP(id).To4(),
+		Timestamp:         stamp,
+	}
+	if net.ParseIP(address).To4() != nil {
+		h.PeerAddress = net.ParseIP(address).To4()
+	} else {
+		h.PeerAddress = net.ParseIP(address).To16()
+		h.Flags |= BMP_PEER_FLAG_IPV6
+	}
+	return h
+}
+
+func (h *BMPPeerHeader) IsPostPolicy() bool {
+	if h.Flags&BMP_PEER_FLAG_POST_POLICY != 0 {
+		return true
+	} else {
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *BMPPeerHeader) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	h.PeerType = data[0]
+	h.Flags = data[1]
+	h.PeerDistinguisher = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[2:10])
+	if h.Flags&BMP_PEER_FLAG_IPV6 != 0 {
+		h.PeerAddress = net.IP(data[10:26]).To16()
+	} else {
+		h.PeerAddress = net.IP(data[22:26]).To4()
+	}
+	h.PeerAS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[26:30])
+	h.PeerBGPID = data[30:34]
+
+	timestamp1 := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[34:38])
+	timestamp2 := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[38:42])
+	h.Timestamp = float64(timestamp1) + float64(timestamp2)*math.Pow10(-6)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *BMPPeerHeader) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, BMP_PEER_HEADER_SIZE)
+	buf[0] = h.PeerType
+	buf[1] = h.Flags
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[2:10], h.PeerDistinguisher)
+	if h.Flags&BMP_PEER_FLAG_IPV6 != 0 {
+		copy(buf[10:26], h.PeerAddress)
+	} else {
+		copy(buf[22:26], h.PeerAddress.To4())
+	}
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[26:30], h.PeerAS)
+	copy(buf[30:34], h.PeerBGPID)
+	t1, t2 := math.Modf(h.Timestamp)
+	t2 = math.Ceil(t2 * math.Pow10(6))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[34:38], uint32(t1))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[38:42], uint32(t2))
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPRouteMonitoring struct {
+	BGPUpdate        *bgp.BGPMessage
+	BGPUpdatePayload []byte
+}
+
+func NewBMPRouteMonitoring(p BMPPeerHeader, update *bgp.BGPMessage) *BMPMessage {
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_ROUTE_MONITORING,
+		},
+		PeerHeader: p,
+		Body: &BMPRouteMonitoring{
+			BGPUpdate: update,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPRouteMonitoring) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	update, err := bgp.ParseBGPMessage(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	body.BGPUpdate = update
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPRouteMonitoring) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	if body.BGPUpdatePayload != nil {
+		return body.BGPUpdatePayload, nil
+	}
+	return body.BGPUpdate.Serialize()
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_REJECTED = iota
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_DUPLICATE_PREFIX
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_DUPLICATE_WITHDRAW
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_INV_UPDATE_DUE_TO_CLUSTER_LIST_LOOP
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_INV_UPDATE_DUE_TO_AS_PATH_LOOP
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_INV_UPDATE_DUE_TO_ORIGINATOR_ID
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_INV_UPDATE_DUE_TO_AS_CONFED_LOOP
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_ADJ_RIB_IN
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_LOC_RIB
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_PER_AFI_SAFI_ADJ_RIB_IN
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_PER_AFI_SAFI_LOC_RIB
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_WITHDRAW_UPDATE
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_WITHDRAW_PREFIX
+	BMP_STAT_TYPE_DUPLICATE_UPDATE
+)
+
+type BMPStatsTLVInterface interface {
+	ParseValue([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type BMPStatsTLV struct {
+	Type   uint16
+	Length uint16
+}
+
+type BMPStatsTLV32 struct {
+	BMPStatsTLV
+	Value uint32
+}
+
+func NewBMPStatsTLV32(t uint16, v uint32) *BMPStatsTLV32 {
+	return &BMPStatsTLV32{
+		BMPStatsTLV: BMPStatsTLV{
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 4,
+		},
+		Value: v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPStatsTLV32) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	if s.Length != 4 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid length: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", s.Length, 4)
+	}
+	s.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:8])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPStatsTLV32) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:8], s.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPStatsTLV64 struct {
+	BMPStatsTLV
+	Value uint64
+}
+
+func NewBMPStatsTLV64(t uint16, v uint64) *BMPStatsTLV64 {
+	return &BMPStatsTLV64{
+		BMPStatsTLV: BMPStatsTLV{
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 8,
+		},
+		Value: v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPStatsTLV64) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	if s.Length != 8 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid length: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", s.Length, 8)
+	}
+	s.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[:8])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPStatsTLV64) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 12)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], 8)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[4:12], s.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64 struct {
+	BMPStatsTLV
+	AFI   uint16
+	SAFI  uint8
+	Value uint64
+}
+
+func NewBMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64(t uint16, afi uint16, safi uint8, v uint64) *BMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64 {
+	return &BMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64{
+		BMPStatsTLV: BMPStatsTLV{
+			Type:   t,
+			Length: 11,
+		},
+		AFI:   afi,
+		SAFI:  safi,
+		Value: v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	if s.Length != 11 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid length: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", s.Length, 11)
+	}
+	s.AFI = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
+	s.SAFI = data[2]
+	s.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[3:11])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 15)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], 11)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], s.AFI)
+	buf[6] = s.SAFI
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[7:15], s.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPStatisticsReport struct {
+	Count uint32
+	Stats []BMPStatsTLVInterface
+}
+
+func NewBMPStatisticsReport(p BMPPeerHeader, stats []BMPStatsTLVInterface) *BMPMessage {
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_STATISTICS_REPORT,
+		},
+		PeerHeader: p,
+		Body: &BMPStatisticsReport{
+			Count: uint32(len(stats)),
+			Stats: stats,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPStatisticsReport) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	body.Count = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
+	data = data[4:]
+	for len(data) >= 4 {
+		tl := BMPStatsTLV{
+			Type:   binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]),
+			Length: binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]),
+		}
+		data = data[4:]
+		if len(data) < int(tl.Length) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("value length is not enough: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", len(data), tl.Length)
+		}
+		var s BMPStatsTLVInterface
+		switch tl.Type {
+		case BMP_STAT_TYPE_ADJ_RIB_IN, BMP_STAT_TYPE_LOC_RIB:
+			s = &BMPStatsTLV64{BMPStatsTLV: tl}
+		case BMP_STAT_TYPE_PER_AFI_SAFI_ADJ_RIB_IN, BMP_STAT_TYPE_PER_AFI_SAFI_LOC_RIB:
+			s = &BMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64{BMPStatsTLV: tl}
+		default:
+			s = &BMPStatsTLV32{BMPStatsTLV: tl}
+		}
+		if err := s.ParseValue(data); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body.Stats = append(body.Stats, s)
+		data = data[tl.Length:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPStatisticsReport) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	body.Count = uint32(len(body.Stats))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[0:4], body.Count)
+	for _, tlv := range body.Stats {
+		tlvBuf, err := tlv.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, tlvBuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_UNKNOWN = iota
+	BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_BGP_NOTIFICATION
+	BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_NO_NOTIFICATION
+	BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_REMOTE_BGP_NOTIFICATION
+	BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_REMOTE_NO_NOTIFICATION
+	BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_PEER_DE_CONFIGURED
+)
+
+type BMPPeerDownNotification struct {
+	Reason          uint8
+	BGPNotification *bgp.BGPMessage
+	Data            []byte
+}
+
+func NewBMPPeerDownNotification(p BMPPeerHeader, reason uint8, notification *bgp.BGPMessage, data []byte) *BMPMessage {
+	b := &BMPPeerDownNotification{
+		Reason: reason,
+	}
+	switch reason {
+	case BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_BGP_NOTIFICATION, BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_REMOTE_BGP_NOTIFICATION:
+		b.BGPNotification = notification
+	case BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_NO_NOTIFICATION:
+		b.Data = data
+	default:
+	}
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_PEER_DOWN_NOTIFICATION,
+		},
+		PeerHeader: p,
+		Body:       b,
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPPeerDownNotification) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	body.Reason = data[0]
+	data = data[1:]
+	if body.Reason == BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_BGP_NOTIFICATION || body.Reason == BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_REMOTE_BGP_NOTIFICATION {
+		notification, err := bgp.ParseBGPMessage(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body.BGPNotification = notification
+	} else {
+		body.Data = data
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPPeerDownNotification) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 1)
+	buf[0] = body.Reason
+	switch body.Reason {
+	case BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_BGP_NOTIFICATION, BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_REMOTE_BGP_NOTIFICATION:
+		if body.BGPNotification != nil {
+			b, err := body.BGPNotification.Serialize()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			} else {
+				buf = append(buf, b...)
+			}
+		}
+	default:
+		if body.Data != nil {
+			buf = append(buf, body.Data...)
+		}
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPPeerUpNotification struct {
+	LocalAddress    net.IP
+	LocalPort       uint16
+	RemotePort      uint16
+	SentOpenMsg     *bgp.BGPMessage
+	ReceivedOpenMsg *bgp.BGPMessage
+}
+
+func NewBMPPeerUpNotification(p BMPPeerHeader, lAddr string, lPort, rPort uint16, sent, recv *bgp.BGPMessage) *BMPMessage {
+	b := &BMPPeerUpNotification{
+		LocalPort:       lPort,
+		RemotePort:      rPort,
+		SentOpenMsg:     sent,
+		ReceivedOpenMsg: recv,
+	}
+	addr := net.ParseIP(lAddr)
+	if addr.To4() != nil {
+		b.LocalAddress = addr.To4()
+	} else {
+		b.LocalAddress = addr.To16()
+	}
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_PEER_UP_NOTIFICATION,
+		},
+		PeerHeader: p,
+		Body:       b,
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPPeerUpNotification) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	if msg.PeerHeader.Flags&BMP_PEER_FLAG_IPV6 != 0 {
+		body.LocalAddress = net.IP(data[:16]).To16()
+	} else {
+		body.LocalAddress = net.IP(data[12:16]).To4()
+	}
+
+	body.LocalPort = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[16:18])
+	body.RemotePort = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[18:20])
+
+	data = data[20:]
+	sentopen, err := bgp.ParseBGPMessage(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	body.SentOpenMsg = sentopen
+	data = data[body.SentOpenMsg.Header.Len:]
+	body.ReceivedOpenMsg, err = bgp.ParseBGPMessage(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPPeerUpNotification) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 20)
+	if body.LocalAddress.To4() != nil {
+		copy(buf[12:16], body.LocalAddress.To4())
+	} else {
+		copy(buf[:16], body.LocalAddress.To16())
+	}
+
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[16:18], body.LocalPort)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[18:20], body.RemotePort)
+
+	m, _ := body.SentOpenMsg.Serialize()
+	buf = append(buf, m...)
+	m, _ = body.ReceivedOpenMsg.Serialize()
+	buf = append(buf, m...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_STRING = iota
+	BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_SYS_DESCR
+	BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_SYS_NAME
+)
+
+type BMPInfoTLVInterface interface {
+	ParseValue([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type BMPInfoTLV struct {
+	Type   uint16
+	Length uint16
+}
+
+type BMPInfoTLVString struct {
+	BMPInfoTLV
+	Value string
+}
+
+func NewBMPInfoTLVString(t uint16, v string) *BMPInfoTLVString {
+	return &BMPInfoTLVString{
+		BMPInfoTLV: BMPInfoTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:      v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPInfoTLVString) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = string(data[:s.Length])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPInfoTLVString) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = uint16(len([]byte(s.Value)))
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	buf = append(buf, []byte(s.Value)...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPInfoTLVUnknown struct {
+	BMPInfoTLV
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func NewBMPInfoTLVUnknown(t uint16, v []byte) *BMPInfoTLVUnknown {
+	return &BMPInfoTLVUnknown{
+		BMPInfoTLV: BMPInfoTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:      v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPInfoTLVUnknown) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = data[:s.Length]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPInfoTLVUnknown) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = uint16(len([]byte(s.Value)))
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	buf = append(buf, s.Value...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPInitiation struct {
+	Info []BMPInfoTLVInterface
+}
+
+func NewBMPInitiation(info []BMPInfoTLVInterface) *BMPMessage {
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_INITIATION,
+		},
+		Body: &BMPInitiation{
+			Info: info,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPInitiation) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	for len(data) >= 4 {
+		tl := BMPInfoTLV{
+			Type:   binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]),
+			Length: binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]),
+		}
+		data = data[4:]
+		if len(data) < int(tl.Length) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("value length is not enough: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", len(data), tl.Length)
+		}
+		var tlv BMPInfoTLVInterface
+		switch tl.Type {
+		case BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_STRING, BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_SYS_DESCR, BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_SYS_NAME:
+			tlv = &BMPInfoTLVString{BMPInfoTLV: tl}
+		default:
+			tlv = &BMPInfoTLVUnknown{BMPInfoTLV: tl}
+		}
+		if err := tlv.ParseValue(data); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body.Info = append(body.Info, tlv)
+		data = data[tl.Length:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPInitiation) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, tlv := range body.Info {
+		b, err := tlv.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return buf, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, b...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_TERM_TLV_TYPE_STRING = iota
+	BMP_TERM_TLV_TYPE_REASON
+)
+
+const (
+	BMP_TERM_REASON_ADMIN = iota
+	BMP_TERM_REASON_UNSPEC
+	BMP_TERM_REASON_OUT_OF_RESOURCES
+	BMP_TERM_REASON_REDUNDANT_CONNECTION
+	BMP_TERM_REASON_PERMANENTLY_ADMIN
+)
+
+type BMPTermTLVInterface interface {
+	ParseValue([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type BMPTermTLV struct {
+	Type   uint16
+	Length uint16
+}
+
+type BMPTermTLVString struct {
+	BMPTermTLV
+	Value string
+}
+
+func NewBMPTermTLVString(t uint16, v string) *BMPTermTLVString {
+	return &BMPTermTLVString{
+		BMPTermTLV: BMPTermTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:      v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPTermTLVString) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = string(data[:s.Length])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPTermTLVString) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = uint16(len([]byte(s.Value)))
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	buf = append(buf, []byte(s.Value)...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPTermTLV16 struct {
+	BMPTermTLV
+	Value uint16
+}
+
+func NewBMPTermTLV16(t uint16, v uint16) *BMPTermTLV16 {
+	return &BMPTermTLV16{
+		BMPTermTLV: BMPTermTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:      v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPTermTLV16) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPTermTLV16) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = 2
+	buf := make([]byte, 6)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], s.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPTermTLVUnknown struct {
+	BMPTermTLV
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func NewBMPTermTLVUnknown(t uint16, v []byte) *BMPTermTLVUnknown {
+	return &BMPTermTLVUnknown{
+		BMPTermTLV: BMPTermTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:      v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPTermTLVUnknown) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = data[:s.Length]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPTermTLVUnknown) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = uint16(len([]byte(s.Value)))
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	buf = append(buf, s.Value...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPTermination struct {
+	Info []BMPTermTLVInterface
+}
+
+func NewBMPTermination(info []BMPTermTLVInterface) *BMPMessage {
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_TERMINATION,
+		},
+		Body: &BMPTermination{
+			Info: info,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPTermination) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	for len(data) >= 4 {
+		tl := BMPTermTLV{
+			Type:   binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]),
+			Length: binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]),
+		}
+		data = data[4:]
+		if len(data) < int(tl.Length) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("value length is not enough: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", len(data), tl.Length)
+		}
+		var tlv BMPTermTLVInterface
+		switch tl.Type {
+		case BMP_TERM_TLV_TYPE_STRING:
+			tlv = &BMPTermTLVString{BMPTermTLV: tl}
+		case BMP_TERM_TLV_TYPE_REASON:
+			tlv = &BMPTermTLV16{BMPTermTLV: tl}
+		default:
+			tlv = &BMPTermTLVUnknown{BMPTermTLV: tl}
+		}
+		if err := tlv.ParseValue(data); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body.Info = append(body.Info, tlv)
+		data = data[tl.Length:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPTermination) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, tlv := range body.Info {
+		b, err := tlv.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return buf, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, b...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_TLV_TYPE_BGP_MSG = iota
+	BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_TLV_TYPE_INFO
+)
+
+const (
+	BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_INFO_ERR_PDU = iota
+	BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_INFO_MSG_LOST
+)
+
+type BMPRouteMirrTLVInterface interface {
+	ParseValue([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type BMPRouteMirrTLV struct {
+	Type   uint16
+	Length uint16
+}
+
+type BMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg struct {
+	BMPRouteMirrTLV
+	Value *bgp.BGPMessage
+}
+
+func NewBMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg(t uint16, v *bgp.BGPMessage) *BMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg {
+	return &BMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg{
+		BMPRouteMirrTLV: BMPRouteMirrTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:           v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	v, err := bgp.ParseBGPMessage(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.Value = v
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	m, err := s.Value.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	s.Length = uint16(len(m))
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	buf = append(buf, m...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPRouteMirrTLV16 struct {
+	BMPRouteMirrTLV
+	Value uint16
+}
+
+func NewBMPRouteMirrTLV16(t uint16, v uint16) *BMPRouteMirrTLV16 {
+	return &BMPRouteMirrTLV16{
+		BMPRouteMirrTLV: BMPRouteMirrTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:           v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPRouteMirrTLV16) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPRouteMirrTLV16) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = 2
+	buf := make([]byte, 6)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], s.Value)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown struct {
+	BMPRouteMirrTLV
+	Value []byte
+}
+
+func NewBMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown(t uint16, v []byte) *BMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown {
+	return &BMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown{
+		BMPRouteMirrTLV: BMPRouteMirrTLV{Type: t},
+		Value:           v,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *BMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown) ParseValue(data []byte) error {
+	s.Value = data[:s.Length]
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *BMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	s.Length = uint16(len([]byte(s.Value)))
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], s.Type)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], s.Length)
+	buf = append(buf, s.Value...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPRouteMirroring struct {
+	Info []BMPRouteMirrTLVInterface
+}
+
+func NewBMPRouteMirroring(p BMPPeerHeader, info []BMPRouteMirrTLVInterface) *BMPMessage {
+	return &BMPMessage{
+		Header: BMPHeader{
+			Version: BMP_VERSION,
+			Type:    BMP_MSG_ROUTE_MIRRORING,
+		},
+		PeerHeader: p,
+		Body: &BMPRouteMirroring{
+			Info: info,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (body *BMPRouteMirroring) ParseBody(msg *BMPMessage, data []byte) error {
+	for len(data) >= 4 {
+		tl := BMPRouteMirrTLV{
+			Type:   binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2]),
+			Length: binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]),
+		}
+		data = data[4:]
+		if len(data) < int(tl.Length) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("value length is not enough: %d bytes (%d bytes expected)", len(data), tl.Length)
+		}
+		var tlv BMPRouteMirrTLVInterface
+		switch tl.Type {
+		case BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_TLV_TYPE_BGP_MSG:
+			tlv = &BMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg{BMPRouteMirrTLV: tl}
+		case BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_TLV_TYPE_INFO:
+			tlv = &BMPRouteMirrTLV16{BMPRouteMirrTLV: tl}
+		default:
+			tlv = &BMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown{BMPRouteMirrTLV: tl}
+		}
+		if err := tlv.ParseValue(data); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body.Info = append(body.Info, tlv)
+		data = data[tl.Length:]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (body *BMPRouteMirroring) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	for _, tlv := range body.Info {
+		b, err := tlv.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return buf, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, b...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+type BMPBody interface {
+	// Sigh, some body messages need a BMPHeader to parse the body
+	// data so we need to pass BMPHeader (avoid DecodeFromBytes
+	// function name).
+	ParseBody(*BMPMessage, []byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type BMPMessage struct {
+	Header     BMPHeader
+	PeerHeader BMPPeerHeader
+	Body       BMPBody
+}
+
+func (msg *BMPMessage) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 0)
+	if msg.Header.Type != BMP_MSG_INITIATION && msg.Header.Type != BMP_MSG_TERMINATION {
+		p, err := msg.PeerHeader.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, p...)
+	}
+
+	b, err := msg.Body.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, b...)
+
+	if msg.Header.Length == 0 {
+		msg.Header.Length = uint32(BMP_HEADER_SIZE + len(buf))
+	}
+
+	h, err := msg.Header.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(h, buf...), nil
+}
+
+func (msg *BMPMessage) Len() int {
+	return int(msg.Header.Length)
+}
+
+const (
+	BMP_MSG_ROUTE_MONITORING = iota
+	BMP_MSG_STATISTICS_REPORT
+	BMP_MSG_PEER_DOWN_NOTIFICATION
+	BMP_MSG_PEER_UP_NOTIFICATION
+	BMP_MSG_INITIATION
+	BMP_MSG_TERMINATION
+	BMP_MSG_ROUTE_MIRRORING
+)
+
+func ParseBMPMessage(data []byte) (msg *BMPMessage, err error) {
+	defer func() {
+		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("not all data bytes are available")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	msg = &BMPMessage{}
+	err = msg.Header.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	data = data[BMP_HEADER_SIZE:msg.Header.Length]
+
+	switch msg.Header.Type {
+	case BMP_MSG_ROUTE_MONITORING:
+		msg.Body = &BMPRouteMonitoring{}
+	case BMP_MSG_STATISTICS_REPORT:
+		msg.Body = &BMPStatisticsReport{}
+	case BMP_MSG_PEER_DOWN_NOTIFICATION:
+		msg.Body = &BMPPeerDownNotification{}
+	case BMP_MSG_PEER_UP_NOTIFICATION:
+		msg.Body = &BMPPeerUpNotification{}
+	case BMP_MSG_INITIATION:
+		msg.Body = &BMPInitiation{}
+	case BMP_MSG_TERMINATION:
+		msg.Body = &BMPTermination{}
+	case BMP_MSG_ROUTE_MIRRORING:
+		msg.Body = &BMPRouteMirroring{}
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported BMP message type: %d", msg.Header.Type)
+	}
+
+	if msg.Header.Type != BMP_MSG_INITIATION && msg.Header.Type != BMP_MSG_TERMINATION {
+		msg.PeerHeader.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+		data = data[BMP_PEER_HEADER_SIZE:]
+	}
+
+	err = msg.Body.ParseBody(msg, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return msg, nil
+}
+
+func SplitBMP(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
+	if atEOF && len(data) == 0 || len(data) < BMP_HEADER_SIZE {
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+
+	msg := &BMPMessage{}
+	msg.Header.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if uint32(len(data)) < msg.Header.Length {
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return int(msg.Header.Length), data[0:msg.Header.Length], nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/bmp/bmp_test.go b/pkg/packet/bmp/bmp_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be99b687
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/bmp/bmp_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package bmp
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/osrg/gobgp/pkg/packet/bgp"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func verify(t *testing.T, m1 *BMPMessage) {
+	buf1, _ := m1.Serialize()
+	m2, err := ParseBMPMessage(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, m1, m2)
+}
+
+func Test_Initiation(t *testing.T) {
+	verify(t, NewBMPInitiation(nil))
+	m := NewBMPInitiation([]BMPInfoTLVInterface{
+		NewBMPInfoTLVString(BMP_INIT_TLV_TYPE_STRING, "free-form UTF-8 string"),
+		NewBMPInfoTLVUnknown(0xff, []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+	})
+	verify(t, m)
+}
+
+func Test_Termination(t *testing.T) {
+	verify(t, NewBMPTermination(nil))
+	m := NewBMPTermination([]BMPTermTLVInterface{
+		NewBMPTermTLVString(BMP_TERM_TLV_TYPE_STRING, "free-form UTF-8 string"),
+		NewBMPTermTLV16(BMP_TERM_TLV_TYPE_REASON, BMP_TERM_REASON_ADMIN),
+		NewBMPTermTLVUnknown(0xff, []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+	})
+	verify(t, m)
+}
+
+func Test_PeerUpNotification(t *testing.T) {
+	m := bgp.NewTestBGPOpenMessage()
+	p0 := NewBMPPeerHeader(0, 0, 1000, "10.0.0.1", 70000, "10.0.0.2", 1)
+	verify(t, NewBMPPeerUpNotification(*p0, "10.0.0.3", 10, 100, m, m))
+	p1 := NewBMPPeerHeader(0, 0, 1000, "fe80::6e40:8ff:feab:2c2a", 70000, "10.0.0.2", 1)
+	verify(t, NewBMPPeerUpNotification(*p1, "fe80::6e40:8ff:feab:2c2a", 10, 100, m, m))
+}
+
+func Test_PeerDownNotification(t *testing.T) {
+	p0 := NewBMPPeerHeader(0, 0, 1000, "10.0.0.1", 70000, "10.0.0.2", 1)
+	verify(t, NewBMPPeerDownNotification(*p0, BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_NO_NOTIFICATION, nil, []byte{0x3, 0xb}))
+	m := bgp.NewBGPNotificationMessage(1, 2, nil)
+	verify(t, NewBMPPeerDownNotification(*p0, BMP_PEER_DOWN_REASON_LOCAL_BGP_NOTIFICATION, m, nil))
+}
+
+func Test_RouteMonitoring(t *testing.T) {
+	m := bgp.NewTestBGPUpdateMessage()
+	p0 := NewBMPPeerHeader(0, 0, 1000, "fe80::6e40:8ff:feab:2c2a", 70000, "10.0.0.2", 1)
+	verify(t, NewBMPRouteMonitoring(*p0, m))
+}
+
+func Test_StatisticsReport(t *testing.T) {
+	p0 := NewBMPPeerHeader(0, 0, 1000, "10.0.0.1", 70000, "10.0.0.2", 1)
+	s0 := NewBMPStatisticsReport(
+		*p0,
+		[]BMPStatsTLVInterface{
+			NewBMPStatsTLV32(BMP_STAT_TYPE_REJECTED, 100),
+			NewBMPStatsTLV64(BMP_STAT_TYPE_ADJ_RIB_IN, 200),
+			NewBMPStatsTLVPerAfiSafi64(BMP_STAT_TYPE_PER_AFI_SAFI_LOC_RIB, bgp.AFI_IP, bgp.SAFI_UNICAST, 300),
+		},
+	)
+	verify(t, s0)
+}
+
+func Test_RouteMirroring(t *testing.T) {
+	p0 := NewBMPPeerHeader(0, 0, 1000, "10.0.0.1", 70000, "10.0.0.2", 1)
+	s0 := NewBMPRouteMirroring(
+		*p0,
+		[]BMPRouteMirrTLVInterface{
+			NewBMPRouteMirrTLV16(BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_TLV_TYPE_INFO, BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_INFO_MSG_LOST),
+			NewBMPRouteMirrTLVUnknown(0xff, []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+			// RFC7854: BGP Message TLV MUST occur last in the list of TLVs
+			NewBMPRouteMirrTLVBGPMsg(BMP_ROUTE_MIRRORING_TLV_TYPE_BGP_MSG, bgp.NewTestBGPOpenMessage()),
+		},
+	)
+	verify(t, s0)
+}
+
+func Test_BogusHeader(t *testing.T) {
+	h, err := ParseBMPMessage(make([]byte, 10))
+	assert.Nil(t, h)
+	assert.NotNil(t, err)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/mrt/mrt.go b/pkg/packet/mrt/mrt.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc07ba9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/mrt/mrt.go
@@ -0,0 +1,1006 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package mrt
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/osrg/gobgp/pkg/packet/bgp"
+)
+
+const (
+	MRT_COMMON_HEADER_LEN = 12
+)
+
+type MRTType uint16
+
+const (
+	NULL         MRTType = 0  // deprecated
+	START        MRTType = 1  // deprecated
+	DIE          MRTType = 2  // deprecated
+	I_AM_DEAD    MRTType = 3  // deprecated
+	PEER_DOWN    MRTType = 4  // deprecated
+	BGP          MRTType = 5  // deprecated
+	RIP          MRTType = 6  // deprecated
+	IDRP         MRTType = 7  // deprecated
+	RIPNG        MRTType = 8  // deprecated
+	BGP4PLUS     MRTType = 9  // deprecated
+	BGP4PLUS01   MRTType = 10 // deprecated
+	OSPFv2       MRTType = 11
+	TABLE_DUMP   MRTType = 12
+	TABLE_DUMPv2 MRTType = 13
+	BGP4MP       MRTType = 16
+	BGP4MP_ET    MRTType = 17
+	ISIS         MRTType = 32
+	ISIS_ET      MRTType = 33
+	OSPFv3       MRTType = 48
+	OSPFv3_ET    MRTType = 49
+)
+
+type MRTSubTyper interface {
+	ToUint16() uint16
+}
+
+type MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 uint16
+
+const (
+	PEER_INDEX_TABLE           MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 1
+	RIB_IPV4_UNICAST           MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 2
+	RIB_IPV4_MULTICAST         MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 3
+	RIB_IPV6_UNICAST           MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 4
+	RIB_IPV6_MULTICAST         MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 5
+	RIB_GENERIC                MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 6
+	GEO_PEER_TABLE             MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 7  // RFC6397
+	RIB_IPV4_UNICAST_ADDPATH   MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 8  // RFC8050
+	RIB_IPV4_MULTICAST_ADDPATH MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 9  // RFC8050
+	RIB_IPV6_UNICAST_ADDPATH   MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 10 // RFC8050
+	RIB_IPV6_MULTICAST_ADDPATH MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 11 // RFC8050
+	RIB_GENERIC_ADDPATH        MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2 = 12 // RFC8050
+)
+
+func (t MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2) ToUint16() uint16 {
+	return uint16(t)
+}
+
+type MRTSubTypeBGP4MP uint16
+
+const (
+	STATE_CHANGE              MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 0
+	MESSAGE                   MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 1
+	MESSAGE_AS4               MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 4
+	STATE_CHANGE_AS4          MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 5
+	MESSAGE_LOCAL             MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 6
+	MESSAGE_AS4_LOCAL         MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 7
+	MESSAGE_ADDPATH           MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 8  // RFC8050
+	MESSAGE_AS4_ADDPATH       MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 9  // RFC8050
+	MESSAGE_LOCAL_ADDPATH     MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 10 // RFC8050
+	MESSAGE_AS4_LOCAL_ADDPATH MRTSubTypeBGP4MP = 11 // RFC8050
+)
+
+func (t MRTSubTypeBGP4MP) ToUint16() uint16 {
+	return uint16(t)
+}
+
+type BGPState uint16
+
+const (
+	IDLE        BGPState = 1
+	CONNECT     BGPState = 2
+	ACTIVE      BGPState = 3
+	OPENSENT    BGPState = 4
+	OPENCONFIRM BGPState = 5
+	ESTABLISHED BGPState = 6
+)
+
+func packValues(values []interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+	b := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	for _, v := range values {
+		err := binary.Write(b, binary.BigEndian, v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return b.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+type MRTHeader struct {
+	Timestamp uint32
+	Type      MRTType
+	SubType   uint16
+	Len       uint32
+}
+
+func (h *MRTHeader) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	if len(data) < MRT_COMMON_HEADER_LEN {
+		return fmt.Errorf("not all MRTHeader bytes are available. expected: %d, actual: %d", MRT_COMMON_HEADER_LEN, len(data))
+	}
+	h.Timestamp = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
+	h.Type = MRTType(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6]))
+	h.SubType = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8])
+	h.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[8:12])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *MRTHeader) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	return packValues([]interface{}{h.Timestamp, h.Type, h.SubType, h.Len})
+}
+
+func NewMRTHeader(timestamp uint32, t MRTType, subtype MRTSubTyper, l uint32) (*MRTHeader, error) {
+	return &MRTHeader{
+		Timestamp: timestamp,
+		Type:      t,
+		SubType:   subtype.ToUint16(),
+		Len:       l,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (h *MRTHeader) GetTime() time.Time {
+	t := int64(h.Timestamp)
+	return time.Unix(t, 0)
+}
+
+type MRTMessage struct {
+	Header MRTHeader
+	Body   Body
+}
+
+func (m *MRTMessage) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := m.Body.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	m.Header.Len = uint32(len(buf))
+	bbuf, err := m.Header.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(bbuf, buf...), nil
+}
+
+func NewMRTMessage(timestamp uint32, t MRTType, subtype MRTSubTyper, body Body) (*MRTMessage, error) {
+	header, err := NewMRTHeader(timestamp, t, subtype, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &MRTMessage{
+		Header: *header,
+		Body:   body,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type Body interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type Peer struct {
+	Type      uint8
+	BgpId     net.IP
+	IpAddress net.IP
+	AS        uint32
+}
+
+func (p *Peer) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	notAllBytesAvail := fmt.Errorf("not all Peer bytes are available")
+	if len(data) < 5 {
+		return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+	}
+	p.Type = uint8(data[0])
+	p.BgpId = net.IP(data[1:5])
+	data = data[5:]
+
+	if p.Type&1 > 0 {
+		if len(data) < 16 {
+			return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+		}
+		p.IpAddress = net.IP(data[:16])
+		data = data[16:]
+	} else {
+		if len(data) < 4 {
+			return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+		}
+		p.IpAddress = net.IP(data[:4])
+		data = data[4:]
+	}
+
+	if p.Type&(1<<1) > 0 {
+		if len(data) < 4 {
+			return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+		}
+		p.AS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
+		data = data[4:]
+	} else {
+		if len(data) < 2 {
+			return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+		}
+		p.AS = uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2]))
+		data = data[2:]
+	}
+
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func (p *Peer) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	var err error
+	var bbuf []byte
+	buf := make([]byte, 5)
+	buf[0] = uint8(p.Type)
+	copy(buf[1:], p.BgpId.To4())
+	if p.Type&1 > 0 {
+		buf = append(buf, p.IpAddress.To16()...)
+	} else {
+		buf = append(buf, p.IpAddress.To4()...)
+	}
+	if p.Type&(1<<1) > 0 {
+		bbuf, err = packValues([]interface{}{p.AS})
+	} else {
+		if p.AS > uint32(math.MaxUint16) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("AS number is beyond 2 octet. %d > %d", p.AS, math.MaxUint16)
+		}
+		bbuf, err = packValues([]interface{}{uint16(p.AS)})
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, bbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func NewPeer(bgpid string, ipaddr string, asn uint32, isAS4 bool) *Peer {
+	t := 0
+	addr := net.ParseIP(ipaddr).To4()
+	if addr == nil {
+		t |= 1
+		addr = net.ParseIP(ipaddr).To16()
+	}
+	if isAS4 {
+		t |= (1 << 1)
+	}
+	return &Peer{
+		Type:      uint8(t),
+		BgpId:     net.ParseIP(bgpid).To4(),
+		IpAddress: addr,
+		AS:        asn,
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Peer) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("PEER ENTRY: ID [%s] Addr [%s] AS [%d]", p.BgpId, p.IpAddress, p.AS)
+}
+
+type PeerIndexTable struct {
+	CollectorBgpId net.IP
+	ViewName       string
+	Peers          []*Peer
+}
+
+func (t *PeerIndexTable) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	notAllBytesAvail := fmt.Errorf("not all PeerIndexTable bytes are available")
+	if len(data) < 6 {
+		return notAllBytesAvail
+	}
+	t.CollectorBgpId = net.IP(data[:4])
+	viewLen := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6])
+	if len(data) < 6+int(viewLen) {
+		return notAllBytesAvail
+	}
+	t.ViewName = string(data[6 : 6+viewLen])
+
+	data = data[6+viewLen:]
+
+	if len(data) < 2 {
+		return notAllBytesAvail
+	}
+	peerNum := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	data = data[2:]
+	t.Peers = make([]*Peer, 0, peerNum)
+	var err error
+	for i := 0; i < int(peerNum); i++ {
+		p := &Peer{}
+		data, err = p.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		t.Peers = append(t.Peers, p)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *PeerIndexTable) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 8+len(t.ViewName))
+	copy(buf, t.CollectorBgpId.To4())
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:], uint16(len(t.ViewName)))
+	copy(buf[6:], t.ViewName)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6+len(t.ViewName):], uint16(len(t.Peers)))
+	for _, peer := range t.Peers {
+		bbuf, err := peer.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewPeerIndexTable(bgpid string, viewname string, peers []*Peer) *PeerIndexTable {
+	return &PeerIndexTable{
+		CollectorBgpId: net.ParseIP(bgpid).To4(),
+		ViewName:       viewname,
+		Peers:          peers,
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *PeerIndexTable) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("PEER_INDEX_TABLE: CollectorBgpId [%s] ViewName [%s] Peers [%s]", t.CollectorBgpId, t.ViewName, t.Peers)
+}
+
+type RibEntry struct {
+	PeerIndex      uint16
+	OriginatedTime uint32
+	PathIdentifier uint32
+	PathAttributes []bgp.PathAttributeInterface
+	isAddPath      bool
+}
+
+func (e *RibEntry) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	notAllBytesAvail := fmt.Errorf("not all RibEntry bytes are available")
+	if len(data) < 8 {
+		return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+	}
+	e.PeerIndex = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	e.OriginatedTime = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[2:6])
+	if e.isAddPath {
+		e.PathIdentifier = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[6:10])
+		data = data[10:]
+	} else {
+		data = data[6:]
+	}
+	totalLen := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	data = data[2:]
+	for attrLen := totalLen; attrLen > 0; {
+		p, err := bgp.GetPathAttribute(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		err = p.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		attrLen -= uint16(p.Len())
+		if len(data) < p.Len() {
+			return nil, notAllBytesAvail
+		}
+		data = data[p.Len():]
+		e.PathAttributes = append(e.PathAttributes, p)
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func (e *RibEntry) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	pbuf := make([]byte, 0)
+	totalLen := 0
+	for _, pattr := range e.PathAttributes {
+		// TODO special modification is needed for MP_REACH_NLRI
+		// but also Quagga doesn't implement this.
+		//
+		// RFC 6396 4.3.4
+		// There is one exception to the encoding of BGP attributes for the BGP
+		// MP_REACH_NLRI attribute (BGP Type Code 14).
+		// Since the AFI, SAFI, and NLRI information is already encoded
+		// in the RIB Entry Header or RIB_GENERIC Entry Header,
+		// only the Next Hop Address Length and Next Hop Address fields are included.
+
+		pb, err := pattr.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		pbuf = append(pbuf, pb...)
+		totalLen += len(pb)
+	}
+	var buf []byte
+	if e.isAddPath {
+		buf = make([]byte, 12)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, e.PeerIndex)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[2:], e.OriginatedTime)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[6:], e.PathIdentifier)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[10:], uint16(totalLen))
+	} else {
+		buf = make([]byte, 8)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf, e.PeerIndex)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[2:], e.OriginatedTime)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6:], uint16(totalLen))
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewRibEntry(index uint16, time uint32, pathId uint32, pathAttrs []bgp.PathAttributeInterface, isAddPath bool) *RibEntry {
+	return &RibEntry{
+		PeerIndex:      index,
+		OriginatedTime: time,
+		PathIdentifier: pathId,
+		PathAttributes: pathAttrs,
+		isAddPath:      isAddPath,
+	}
+}
+
+func (e *RibEntry) String() string {
+	if e.isAddPath {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("RIB_ENTRY: PeerIndex [%d] OriginatedTime [%d] PathIdentifier[%d] PathAttributes [%v]", e.PeerIndex, e.OriginatedTime, e.PathIdentifier, e.PathAttributes)
+	} else {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("RIB_ENTRY: PeerIndex [%d] OriginatedTime [%d] PathAttributes [%v]", e.PeerIndex, e.OriginatedTime, e.PathAttributes)
+	}
+
+}
+
+type Rib struct {
+	SequenceNumber uint32
+	Prefix         bgp.AddrPrefixInterface
+	Entries        []*RibEntry
+	RouteFamily    bgp.RouteFamily
+	isAddPath      bool
+}
+
+func (u *Rib) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	if len(data) < 4 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Not all RibIpv4Unicast message bytes available")
+	}
+	u.SequenceNumber = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
+	data = data[4:]
+	afi, safi := bgp.RouteFamilyToAfiSafi(u.RouteFamily)
+	if afi == 0 && safi == 0 {
+		afi = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+		safi = data[2]
+		data = data[3:]
+	}
+	prefix, err := bgp.NewPrefixFromRouteFamily(afi, safi)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = prefix.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	u.Prefix = prefix
+	data = data[prefix.Len():]
+	entryNum := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	data = data[2:]
+	u.Entries = make([]*RibEntry, 0, entryNum)
+	for i := 0; i < int(entryNum); i++ {
+		e := &RibEntry{
+			isAddPath: u.isAddPath,
+		}
+		data, err = e.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		u.Entries = append(u.Entries, e)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (u *Rib) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, u.SequenceNumber)
+	rf := bgp.AfiSafiToRouteFamily(u.Prefix.AFI(), u.Prefix.SAFI())
+	switch rf {
+	case bgp.RF_IPv4_UC, bgp.RF_IPv4_MC, bgp.RF_IPv6_UC, bgp.RF_IPv6_MC:
+	default:
+		bbuf := make([]byte, 2)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(bbuf, u.Prefix.AFI())
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+		buf = append(buf, u.Prefix.SAFI())
+	}
+	bbuf, err := u.Prefix.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	bbuf, err = packValues([]interface{}{uint16(len(u.Entries))})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	for _, entry := range u.Entries {
+		bbuf, err = entry.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, bbuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewRib(seq uint32, prefix bgp.AddrPrefixInterface, entries []*RibEntry) *Rib {
+	rf := bgp.AfiSafiToRouteFamily(prefix.AFI(), prefix.SAFI())
+	return &Rib{
+		SequenceNumber: seq,
+		Prefix:         prefix,
+		Entries:        entries,
+		RouteFamily:    rf,
+		isAddPath:      entries[0].isAddPath,
+	}
+}
+
+func (u *Rib) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("RIB: Seq [%d] Prefix [%s] Entries [%s]", u.SequenceNumber, u.Prefix, u.Entries)
+}
+
+type GeoPeer struct {
+	Type      uint8
+	BgpId     net.IP
+	Latitude  float32
+	Longitude float32
+}
+
+func (p *GeoPeer) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(data) < 13 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("not all GeoPeer bytes are available")
+	}
+	// Peer IP Address and Peer AS should not be included
+	p.Type = uint8(data[0])
+	if p.Type != uint8(0) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported peer type for GeoPeer: %d", p.Type)
+	}
+	p.BgpId = net.IP(data[1:5])
+	p.Latitude = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[5:9]))
+	p.Longitude = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[9:13]))
+	return data[13:], nil
+}
+
+func (p *GeoPeer) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 13)
+	buf[0] = uint8(0) // Peer IP Address and Peer AS should not be included
+	bgpId := p.BgpId.To4()
+	if bgpId == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid BgpId: %s", p.BgpId)
+	}
+	copy(buf[1:5], bgpId)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[5:9], math.Float32bits(p.Latitude))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[9:13], math.Float32bits(p.Longitude))
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewGeoPeer(bgpid string, latitude float32, longitude float32) *GeoPeer {
+	return &GeoPeer{
+		Type:      0, // Peer IP Address and Peer AS should not be included
+		BgpId:     net.ParseIP(bgpid).To4(),
+		Latitude:  latitude,
+		Longitude: longitude,
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *GeoPeer) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("PEER ENTRY: ID [%s] Latitude [%f] Longitude [%f]", p.BgpId, p.Latitude, p.Longitude)
+}
+
+type GeoPeerTable struct {
+	CollectorBgpId     net.IP
+	CollectorLatitude  float32
+	CollectorLongitude float32
+	Peers              []*GeoPeer
+}
+
+func (t *GeoPeerTable) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	if len(data) < 14 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("not all GeoPeerTable bytes are available")
+	}
+	t.CollectorBgpId = net.IP(data[0:4])
+	t.CollectorLatitude = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8]))
+	t.CollectorLongitude = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[8:12]))
+	peerCount := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[12:14])
+	data = data[14:]
+	t.Peers = make([]*GeoPeer, 0, peerCount)
+	var err error
+	for i := 0; i < int(peerCount); i++ {
+		p := &GeoPeer{}
+		if data, err = p.DecodeFromBytes(data); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		t.Peers = append(t.Peers, p)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *GeoPeerTable) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 14)
+	collectorBgpId := t.CollectorBgpId.To4()
+	if collectorBgpId == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid CollectorBgpId: %s", t.CollectorBgpId)
+	}
+	copy(buf[0:4], collectorBgpId)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:8], math.Float32bits(t.CollectorLatitude))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[8:12], math.Float32bits(t.CollectorLongitude))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[12:14], uint16(len(t.Peers)))
+	for _, peer := range t.Peers {
+		pbuf, err := peer.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, pbuf...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func NewGeoPeerTable(bgpid string, latitude float32, longitude float32, peers []*GeoPeer) *GeoPeerTable {
+	return &GeoPeerTable{
+		CollectorBgpId:     net.ParseIP(bgpid).To4(),
+		CollectorLatitude:  latitude,
+		CollectorLongitude: longitude,
+		Peers:              peers,
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *GeoPeerTable) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("GEO_PEER_TABLE: CollectorBgpId [%s] CollectorLatitude [%f] CollectorLongitude [%f] Peers [%s]", t.CollectorBgpId, t.CollectorLatitude, t.CollectorLongitude, t.Peers)
+}
+
+type BGP4MPHeader struct {
+	PeerAS         uint32
+	LocalAS        uint32
+	InterfaceIndex uint16
+	AddressFamily  uint16
+	PeerIpAddress  net.IP
+	LocalIpAddress net.IP
+	isAS4          bool
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPHeader) decodeFromBytes(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	if m.isAS4 && len(data) < 8 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not all BGP4MPMessageAS4 bytes available")
+	} else if !m.isAS4 && len(data) < 4 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not all BGP4MPMessageAS bytes available")
+	}
+
+	if m.isAS4 {
+		m.PeerAS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
+		m.LocalAS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+		data = data[8:]
+	} else {
+		m.PeerAS = uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2]))
+		m.LocalAS = uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4]))
+		data = data[4:]
+	}
+	m.InterfaceIndex = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[:2])
+	m.AddressFamily = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+	switch m.AddressFamily {
+	case bgp.AFI_IP:
+		m.PeerIpAddress = net.IP(data[4:8]).To4()
+		m.LocalIpAddress = net.IP(data[8:12]).To4()
+		data = data[12:]
+	case bgp.AFI_IP6:
+		m.PeerIpAddress = net.IP(data[4:20])
+		m.LocalIpAddress = net.IP(data[20:36])
+		data = data[36:]
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported address family: %d", m.AddressFamily)
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPHeader) serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	var values []interface{}
+	if m.isAS4 {
+		values = []interface{}{m.PeerAS, m.LocalAS, m.InterfaceIndex, m.AddressFamily}
+	} else {
+		values = []interface{}{uint16(m.PeerAS), uint16(m.LocalAS), m.InterfaceIndex, m.AddressFamily}
+	}
+	buf, err := packValues(values)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var bbuf []byte
+	switch m.AddressFamily {
+	case bgp.AFI_IP:
+		bbuf = make([]byte, 8)
+		copy(bbuf, m.PeerIpAddress.To4())
+		copy(bbuf[4:], m.LocalIpAddress.To4())
+	case bgp.AFI_IP6:
+		bbuf = make([]byte, 32)
+		copy(bbuf, m.PeerIpAddress)
+		copy(bbuf[16:], m.LocalIpAddress)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported address family: %d", m.AddressFamily)
+	}
+	return append(buf, bbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func newBGP4MPHeader(peeras, localas uint32, intfindex uint16, peerip, localip string, isAS4 bool) (*BGP4MPHeader, error) {
+	var af uint16
+	paddr := net.ParseIP(peerip).To4()
+	laddr := net.ParseIP(localip).To4()
+	if paddr != nil && laddr != nil {
+		af = bgp.AFI_IP
+	} else {
+		paddr = net.ParseIP(peerip).To16()
+		laddr = net.ParseIP(localip).To16()
+		if paddr != nil && laddr != nil {
+			af = bgp.AFI_IP6
+		} else {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Peer IP Address and Local IP Address must have the same address family")
+		}
+	}
+	return &BGP4MPHeader{
+		PeerAS:         peeras,
+		LocalAS:        localas,
+		InterfaceIndex: intfindex,
+		AddressFamily:  af,
+		PeerIpAddress:  paddr,
+		LocalIpAddress: laddr,
+		isAS4:          isAS4,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type BGP4MPStateChange struct {
+	*BGP4MPHeader
+	OldState BGPState
+	NewState BGPState
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPStateChange) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	rest, err := m.decodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(rest) < 4 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Not all BGP4MPStateChange bytes available")
+	}
+	m.OldState = BGPState(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(rest[:2]))
+	m.NewState = BGPState(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(rest[2:4]))
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPStateChange) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := m.serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	bbuf, err := packValues([]interface{}{m.OldState, m.NewState})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, bbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func NewBGP4MPStateChange(peeras, localas uint32, intfindex uint16, peerip, localip string, isAS4 bool, oldstate, newstate BGPState) *BGP4MPStateChange {
+	header, _ := newBGP4MPHeader(peeras, localas, intfindex, peerip, localip, isAS4)
+	return &BGP4MPStateChange{
+		BGP4MPHeader: header,
+		OldState:     oldstate,
+		NewState:     newstate,
+	}
+}
+
+type BGP4MPMessage struct {
+	*BGP4MPHeader
+	BGPMessage        *bgp.BGPMessage
+	BGPMessagePayload []byte
+	isLocal           bool
+	isAddPath         bool
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPMessage) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	rest, err := m.decodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if len(rest) < bgp.BGP_HEADER_LENGTH {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Not all BGP4MPMessageAS4 bytes available")
+	}
+
+	msg, err := bgp.ParseBGPMessage(rest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	m.BGPMessage = msg
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPMessage) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	buf, err := m.serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if m.BGPMessagePayload != nil {
+		return append(buf, m.BGPMessagePayload...), nil
+	}
+	bbuf, err := m.BGPMessage.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(buf, bbuf...), nil
+}
+
+func NewBGP4MPMessage(peeras, localas uint32, intfindex uint16, peerip, localip string, isAS4 bool, msg *bgp.BGPMessage) *BGP4MPMessage {
+	header, _ := newBGP4MPHeader(peeras, localas, intfindex, peerip, localip, isAS4)
+	return &BGP4MPMessage{
+		BGP4MPHeader: header,
+		BGPMessage:   msg,
+	}
+}
+
+func NewBGP4MPMessageLocal(peeras, localas uint32, intfindex uint16, peerip, localip string, isAS4 bool, msg *bgp.BGPMessage) *BGP4MPMessage {
+	header, _ := newBGP4MPHeader(peeras, localas, intfindex, peerip, localip, isAS4)
+	return &BGP4MPMessage{
+		BGP4MPHeader: header,
+		BGPMessage:   msg,
+		isLocal:      true,
+	}
+}
+
+func NewBGP4MPMessageAddPath(peeras, localas uint32, intfindex uint16, peerip, localip string, isAS4 bool, msg *bgp.BGPMessage) *BGP4MPMessage {
+	header, _ := newBGP4MPHeader(peeras, localas, intfindex, peerip, localip, isAS4)
+	return &BGP4MPMessage{
+		BGP4MPHeader: header,
+		BGPMessage:   msg,
+		isAddPath:    true,
+	}
+}
+
+func NewBGP4MPMessageLocalAddPath(peeras, localas uint32, intfindex uint16, peerip, localip string, isAS4 bool, msg *bgp.BGPMessage) *BGP4MPMessage {
+	header, _ := newBGP4MPHeader(peeras, localas, intfindex, peerip, localip, isAS4)
+	return &BGP4MPMessage{
+		BGP4MPHeader: header,
+		BGPMessage:   msg,
+		isLocal:      true,
+		isAddPath:    true,
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *BGP4MPMessage) String() string {
+	title := "BGP4MP_MSG"
+	if m.isAS4 {
+		title += "_AS4"
+	}
+	if m.isLocal {
+		title += "_LOCAL"
+	}
+	if m.isAddPath {
+		title += "_ADDPATH"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s: PeerAS [%d] LocalAS [%d] InterfaceIndex [%d] PeerIP [%s] LocalIP [%s] BGPMessage [%v]", title, m.PeerAS, m.LocalAS, m.InterfaceIndex, m.PeerIpAddress, m.LocalIpAddress, m.BGPMessage)
+}
+
+//This function can be passed into a bufio.Scanner.Split() to read buffered mrt msgs
+func SplitMrt(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
+	if atEOF && len(data) == 0 {
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+	if cap(data) < MRT_COMMON_HEADER_LEN { // read more
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+	//this reads the data
+	hdr := &MRTHeader{}
+	errh := hdr.DecodeFromBytes(data[:MRT_COMMON_HEADER_LEN])
+	if errh != nil {
+		return 0, nil, errh
+	}
+	totlen := int(hdr.Len + MRT_COMMON_HEADER_LEN)
+	if len(data) < totlen { //need to read more
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+	return totlen, data[0:totlen], nil
+}
+
+func ParseMRTBody(h *MRTHeader, data []byte) (*MRTMessage, error) {
+	if len(data) < int(h.Len) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not all MRT message bytes available. expected: %d, actual: %d", int(h.Len), len(data))
+	}
+	msg := &MRTMessage{Header: *h}
+	switch h.Type {
+	case TABLE_DUMPv2:
+		subType := MRTSubTypeTableDumpv2(h.SubType)
+		rf := bgp.RouteFamily(0)
+		isAddPath := false
+		switch subType {
+		case PEER_INDEX_TABLE:
+			msg.Body = &PeerIndexTable{}
+		case RIB_IPV4_UNICAST:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv4_UC
+		case RIB_IPV4_MULTICAST:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv4_MC
+		case RIB_IPV6_UNICAST:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv6_UC
+		case RIB_IPV6_MULTICAST:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv6_MC
+		case RIB_GENERIC:
+		case GEO_PEER_TABLE:
+			msg.Body = &GeoPeerTable{}
+		case RIB_IPV4_UNICAST_ADDPATH:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv4_UC
+			isAddPath = true
+		case RIB_IPV4_MULTICAST_ADDPATH:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv4_MC
+			isAddPath = true
+		case RIB_IPV6_UNICAST_ADDPATH:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv6_UC
+			isAddPath = true
+		case RIB_IPV6_MULTICAST_ADDPATH:
+			rf = bgp.RF_IPv6_MC
+			isAddPath = true
+		case RIB_GENERIC_ADDPATH:
+			isAddPath = true
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported table dumpv2 subtype: %v\n", subType)
+		}
+
+		if msg.Body == nil {
+			msg.Body = &Rib{
+				RouteFamily: rf,
+				isAddPath:   isAddPath,
+			}
+		}
+	case BGP4MP:
+		subType := MRTSubTypeBGP4MP(h.SubType)
+		isAS4 := true
+		switch subType {
+		case STATE_CHANGE:
+			isAS4 = false
+			fallthrough
+		case STATE_CHANGE_AS4:
+			msg.Body = &BGP4MPStateChange{
+				BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{isAS4: isAS4},
+			}
+		case MESSAGE:
+			isAS4 = false
+			fallthrough
+		case MESSAGE_AS4:
+			msg.Body = &BGP4MPMessage{
+				BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{isAS4: isAS4},
+			}
+		case MESSAGE_LOCAL:
+			isAS4 = false
+			fallthrough
+		case MESSAGE_AS4_LOCAL:
+			msg.Body = &BGP4MPMessage{
+				BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{isAS4: isAS4},
+				isLocal:      true,
+			}
+		case MESSAGE_ADDPATH:
+			isAS4 = false
+			fallthrough
+		case MESSAGE_AS4_ADDPATH:
+			msg.Body = &BGP4MPMessage{
+				BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{isAS4: isAS4},
+				isAddPath:    true,
+			}
+		case MESSAGE_LOCAL_ADDPATH:
+			isAS4 = false
+			fallthrough
+		case MESSAGE_AS4_LOCAL_ADDPATH:
+			msg.Body = &BGP4MPMessage{
+				BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{isAS4: isAS4},
+				isLocal:      true,
+				isAddPath:    true,
+			}
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported bgp4mp subtype: %v\n", subType)
+		}
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported type: %v\n", h.Type)
+	}
+	err := msg.Body.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return msg, nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/mrt/mrt_test.go b/pkg/packet/mrt/mrt_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8a710758
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/mrt/mrt_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package mrt
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/osrg/gobgp/pkg/packet/bgp"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestMrtHdr(t *testing.T) {
+	h1, err := NewMRTHeader(10, TABLE_DUMPv2, RIB_IPV4_MULTICAST, 20)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	b1, err := h1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	h2 := &MRTHeader{}
+	err = h2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(h1, h2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtHdrTime(t *testing.T) {
+	h1, err := NewMRTHeader(10, TABLE_DUMPv2, RIB_IPV4_MULTICAST, 20)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	ttime := time.Unix(10, 0)
+	htime := h1.GetTime()
+	t.Logf("this timestamp should be 10s after epoch:%v", htime)
+	assert.Equal(t, h1.GetTime(), ttime)
+}
+
+func testPeer(t *testing.T, p1 *Peer) {
+	b1, err := p1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p2 := &Peer{}
+	rest, err := p2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, len(rest), 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(p1, p2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	p := NewPeer("192.168.0.1", "10.0.0.1", 65000, false)
+	testPeer(t, p)
+}
+
+func TestMrtPeerv6(t *testing.T) {
+	p := NewPeer("192.168.0.1", "2001::1", 65000, false)
+	testPeer(t, p)
+}
+
+func TestMrtPeerAS4(t *testing.T) {
+	p := NewPeer("192.168.0.1", "2001::1", 135500, true)
+	testPeer(t, p)
+}
+
+func TestMrtPeerIndexTable(t *testing.T) {
+	p1 := NewPeer("192.168.0.1", "10.0.0.1", 65000, false)
+	p2 := NewPeer("192.168.0.1", "2001::1", 65000, false)
+	p3 := NewPeer("192.168.0.1", "2001::1", 135500, true)
+	pt1 := NewPeerIndexTable("192.168.0.1", "test", []*Peer{p1, p2, p3})
+	b1, err := pt1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	pt2 := &PeerIndexTable{}
+	err = pt2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(pt1, pt2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtRibEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	aspath1 := []bgp.AsPathParamInterface{
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1000}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(1, []uint16{1001, 1002}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1003, 1004}),
+	}
+
+	p := []bgp.PathAttributeInterface{
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeOrigin(3),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath1),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeNextHop("129.1.1.2"),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeMultiExitDisc(1 << 20),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeLocalPref(1 << 22),
+	}
+
+	e1 := NewRibEntry(1, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 0, p, false)
+	b1, err := e1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	e2 := &RibEntry{}
+	rest, err := e2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, len(rest), 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(e1, e2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtRibEntryWithAddPath(t *testing.T) {
+	aspath1 := []bgp.AsPathParamInterface{
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1000}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(1, []uint16{1001, 1002}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1003, 1004}),
+	}
+
+	p := []bgp.PathAttributeInterface{
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeOrigin(3),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath1),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeNextHop("129.1.1.2"),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeMultiExitDisc(1 << 20),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeLocalPref(1 << 22),
+	}
+	e1 := NewRibEntry(1, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 200, p, true)
+	b1, err := e1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	e2 := &RibEntry{isAddPath: true}
+	rest, err := e2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, len(rest), 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(e1, e2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtRib(t *testing.T) {
+	aspath1 := []bgp.AsPathParamInterface{
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1000}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(1, []uint16{1001, 1002}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1003, 1004}),
+	}
+
+	p := []bgp.PathAttributeInterface{
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeOrigin(3),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath1),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeNextHop("129.1.1.2"),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeMultiExitDisc(1 << 20),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeLocalPref(1 << 22),
+	}
+
+	e1 := NewRibEntry(1, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 0, p, false)
+	e2 := NewRibEntry(2, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 0, p, false)
+	e3 := NewRibEntry(3, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 0, p, false)
+
+	r1 := NewRib(1, bgp.NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "192.168.0.0"), []*RibEntry{e1, e2, e3})
+	b1, err := r1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	r2 := &Rib{
+		RouteFamily: bgp.RF_IPv4_UC,
+	}
+	err = r2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(r1, r2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtRibWithAddPath(t *testing.T) {
+	aspath1 := []bgp.AsPathParamInterface{
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1000}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(1, []uint16{1001, 1002}),
+		bgp.NewAsPathParam(2, []uint16{1003, 1004}),
+	}
+
+	p := []bgp.PathAttributeInterface{
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeOrigin(3),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeAsPath(aspath1),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeNextHop("129.1.1.2"),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeMultiExitDisc(1 << 20),
+		bgp.NewPathAttributeLocalPref(1 << 22),
+	}
+
+	e1 := NewRibEntry(1, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 100, p, true)
+	e2 := NewRibEntry(2, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 200, p, true)
+	e3 := NewRibEntry(3, uint32(time.Now().Unix()), 300, p, true)
+
+	r1 := NewRib(1, bgp.NewIPAddrPrefix(24, "192.168.0.0"), []*RibEntry{e1, e2, e3})
+	b1, err := r1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	r2 := &Rib{
+		RouteFamily: bgp.RF_IPv4_UC,
+		isAddPath:   true,
+	}
+	err = r2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(r1, r2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtGeoPeerTable(t *testing.T) {
+	p1 := NewGeoPeer("192.168.0.1", 28.031157, 86.899684)
+	p2 := NewGeoPeer("192.168.0.1", 35.360556, 138.727778)
+	pt1 := NewGeoPeerTable("192.168.0.1", 12.345678, 98.765432, []*GeoPeer{p1, p2})
+	b1, err := pt1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	pt2 := &GeoPeerTable{}
+	err = pt2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(pt1, pt2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtBgp4mpStateChange(t *testing.T) {
+	c1 := NewBGP4MPStateChange(65000, 65001, 1, "192.168.0.1", "192.168.0.2", false, ACTIVE, ESTABLISHED)
+	b1, err := c1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	c2 := &BGP4MPStateChange{BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{}}
+	err = c2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err = c2.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(c1, c2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtBgp4mpMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	msg := bgp.NewBGPKeepAliveMessage()
+	m1 := NewBGP4MPMessage(65000, 65001, 1, "192.168.0.1", "192.168.0.2", false, msg)
+	b1, err := m1.Serialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	m2 := &BGP4MPMessage{BGP4MPHeader: &BGP4MPHeader{}}
+	err = m2.DecodeFromBytes(b1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, reflect.DeepEqual(m1, m2), true)
+}
+
+func TestMrtSplit(t *testing.T) {
+	var b bytes.Buffer
+	numwrite, numread := 10, 0
+	for i := 0; i < numwrite; i++ {
+		msg := bgp.NewBGPKeepAliveMessage()
+		m1 := NewBGP4MPMessage(65000, 65001, 1, "192.168.0.1", "192.168.0.2", false, msg)
+		mm, _ := NewMRTMessage(1234, BGP4MP, MESSAGE, m1)
+		b1, err := mm.Serialize()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		b.Write(b1)
+	}
+	t.Logf("wrote %d serialized MRT keepalives in the buffer", numwrite)
+	r := bytes.NewReader(b.Bytes())
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
+	scanner.Split(SplitMrt)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		numread += 1
+	}
+	t.Logf("scanner scanned %d serialized keepalives from the buffer", numread)
+	assert.Equal(t, numwrite, numread)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/rtr/rtr.go b/pkg/packet/rtr/rtr.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..902f1e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/rtr/rtr.go
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package rtr
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+)
+
+const (
+	RPKI_DEFAULT_PORT = 323
+)
+
+const (
+	RTR_SERIAL_NOTIFY = iota
+	RTR_SERIAL_QUERY
+	RTR_RESET_QUERY
+	RTR_CACHE_RESPONSE
+	RTR_IPV4_PREFIX
+	_
+	RTR_IPV6_PREFIX
+	RTR_END_OF_DATA
+	RTR_CACHE_RESET
+	_
+	RTR_ERROR_REPORT
+)
+
+const (
+	RTR_SERIAL_NOTIFY_LEN         = 12
+	RTR_SERIAL_QUERY_LEN          = 12
+	RTR_RESET_QUERY_LEN           = 8
+	RTR_CACHE_RESPONSE_LEN        = 8
+	RTR_IPV4_PREFIX_LEN           = 20
+	RTR_IPV6_PREFIX_LEN           = 32
+	RTR_END_OF_DATA_LEN           = 12
+	RTR_CACHE_RESET_LEN           = 8
+	RTR_MIN_LEN                   = 8
+	RTR_ERROR_REPORT_ERR_PDU_LEN  = 4
+	RTR_ERROR_REPORT_ERR_TEXT_LEN = 4
+)
+
+const (
+	WITHDRAWAL uint8 = iota
+	ANNOUNCEMENT
+)
+
+const (
+	CORRUPT_DATA uint16 = iota
+	INTERNAL_ERROR
+	NO_DATA_AVAILABLE
+	INVALID_REQUEST
+	UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL_VERSION
+	UNSUPPORTED_PDU_TYPE
+	WITHDRAWAL_OF_UNKNOWN_RECORD
+	DUPLICATE_ANNOUNCEMENT_RECORD
+)
+
+type RTRMessage interface {
+	DecodeFromBytes([]byte) error
+	Serialize() ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+type RTRCommon struct {
+	Version      uint8
+	Type         uint8
+	SessionID    uint16
+	Len          uint32
+	SerialNumber uint32
+}
+
+func (m *RTRCommon) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	m.Version = data[0]
+	m.Type = data[1]
+	m.SessionID = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+	m.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+	m.SerialNumber = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[8:12])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *RTRCommon) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	data := make([]byte, m.Len)
+	data[0] = m.Version
+	data[1] = m.Type
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(data[2:4], m.SessionID)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[4:8], m.Len)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[8:12], m.SerialNumber)
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+type RTRSerialNotify struct {
+	RTRCommon
+}
+
+func NewRTRSerialNotify(id uint16, sn uint32) *RTRSerialNotify {
+	return &RTRSerialNotify{
+		RTRCommon{
+			Type:         RTR_SERIAL_NOTIFY,
+			SessionID:    id,
+			Len:          RTR_SERIAL_NOTIFY_LEN,
+			SerialNumber: sn,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type RTRSerialQuery struct {
+	RTRCommon
+}
+
+func NewRTRSerialQuery(id uint16, sn uint32) *RTRSerialQuery {
+	return &RTRSerialQuery{
+		RTRCommon{
+			Type:         RTR_SERIAL_QUERY,
+			SessionID:    id,
+			Len:          RTR_SERIAL_QUERY_LEN,
+			SerialNumber: sn,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type RTRReset struct {
+	Version uint8
+	Type    uint8
+	Len     uint32
+}
+
+func (m *RTRReset) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	m.Version = data[0]
+	m.Type = data[1]
+	m.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *RTRReset) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	data := make([]byte, m.Len)
+	data[0] = m.Version
+	data[1] = m.Type
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[4:8], m.Len)
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+type RTRResetQuery struct {
+	RTRReset
+}
+
+func NewRTRResetQuery() *RTRResetQuery {
+	return &RTRResetQuery{
+		RTRReset{
+			Type: RTR_RESET_QUERY,
+			Len:  RTR_RESET_QUERY_LEN,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type RTRCacheResponse struct {
+	Version   uint8
+	Type      uint8
+	SessionID uint16
+	Len       uint32
+}
+
+func (m *RTRCacheResponse) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	m.Version = data[0]
+	m.Type = data[1]
+	m.SessionID = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+	m.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *RTRCacheResponse) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	data := make([]byte, m.Len)
+	data[0] = m.Version
+	data[1] = m.Type
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(data[2:4], m.SessionID)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[4:8], m.Len)
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func NewRTRCacheResponse(id uint16) *RTRCacheResponse {
+	return &RTRCacheResponse{
+		Type:      RTR_CACHE_RESPONSE,
+		SessionID: id,
+		Len:       RTR_CACHE_RESPONSE_LEN,
+	}
+}
+
+type RTRIPPrefix struct {
+	Version   uint8
+	Type      uint8
+	Len       uint32
+	Flags     uint8
+	PrefixLen uint8
+	MaxLen    uint8
+	Prefix    net.IP
+	AS        uint32
+}
+
+func (m *RTRIPPrefix) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	m.Version = data[0]
+	m.Type = data[1]
+	m.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+	m.Flags = data[8]
+	m.PrefixLen = data[9]
+	m.MaxLen = data[10]
+	if m.Type == RTR_IPV4_PREFIX {
+		m.Prefix = net.IP(data[12:16]).To4()
+		m.AS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[16:20])
+	} else {
+		m.Prefix = net.IP(data[12:28]).To16()
+		m.AS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[28:32])
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *RTRIPPrefix) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	data := make([]byte, m.Len)
+	data[0] = m.Version
+	data[1] = m.Type
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[4:8], m.Len)
+	data[8] = m.Flags
+	data[9] = m.PrefixLen
+	data[10] = m.MaxLen
+	if m.Type == RTR_IPV4_PREFIX {
+		copy(data[12:16], m.Prefix.To4())
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[16:20], m.AS)
+	} else {
+		copy(data[12:28], m.Prefix.To16())
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[28:32], m.AS)
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func NewRTRIPPrefix(prefix net.IP, prefixLen, maxLen uint8, as uint32, flags uint8) *RTRIPPrefix {
+	var pduType uint8
+	var pduLen uint32
+	if prefix.To4() != nil && prefixLen <= 32 {
+		pduType = RTR_IPV4_PREFIX
+		pduLen = RTR_IPV4_PREFIX_LEN
+	} else {
+		pduType = RTR_IPV6_PREFIX
+		pduLen = RTR_IPV6_PREFIX_LEN
+	}
+
+	return &RTRIPPrefix{
+		Type:      pduType,
+		Len:       pduLen,
+		Flags:     flags,
+		PrefixLen: prefixLen,
+		MaxLen:    maxLen,
+		Prefix:    prefix,
+		AS:        as,
+	}
+}
+
+type RTREndOfData struct {
+	RTRCommon
+}
+
+func NewRTREndOfData(id uint16, sn uint32) *RTREndOfData {
+	return &RTREndOfData{
+		RTRCommon{
+			Type:         RTR_END_OF_DATA,
+			SessionID:    id,
+			Len:          RTR_END_OF_DATA_LEN,
+			SerialNumber: sn,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type RTRCacheReset struct {
+	RTRReset
+}
+
+func NewRTRCacheReset() *RTRCacheReset {
+	return &RTRCacheReset{
+		RTRReset{
+			Type: RTR_CACHE_RESET,
+			Len:  RTR_CACHE_RESET_LEN,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type RTRErrorReport struct {
+	Version   uint8
+	Type      uint8
+	ErrorCode uint16
+	Len       uint32
+	PDULen    uint32
+	PDU       []byte
+	TextLen   uint32
+	Text      []byte
+}
+
+func (m *RTRErrorReport) DecodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
+	m.Version = data[0]
+	m.Type = data[1]
+	m.ErrorCode = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
+	m.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+	m.PDULen = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[8:12])
+	m.PDU = make([]byte, m.PDULen)
+	copy(m.PDU, data[12:12+m.PDULen])
+	m.TextLen = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[12+m.PDULen : 16+m.PDULen])
+	m.Text = make([]byte, m.TextLen)
+	copy(m.Text, data[16+m.PDULen:])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *RTRErrorReport) Serialize() ([]byte, error) {
+	data := make([]byte, m.Len)
+	data[0] = m.Version
+	data[1] = m.Type
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(data[2:4], m.ErrorCode)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[4:8], m.Len)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[8:12], m.PDULen)
+	copy(data[12:], m.PDU)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data[12+m.PDULen:16+m.PDULen], m.TextLen)
+	copy(data[16+m.PDULen:], m.Text)
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func NewRTRErrorReport(errCode uint16, errPDU []byte, errMsg []byte) *RTRErrorReport {
+	pdu := &RTRErrorReport{Type: RTR_ERROR_REPORT, ErrorCode: errCode}
+	if errPDU != nil {
+		if errPDU[1] == RTR_ERROR_REPORT {
+			return nil
+		}
+		pdu.PDULen = uint32(len(errPDU))
+		pdu.PDU = errPDU
+	}
+	if errMsg != nil {
+		pdu.Text = errMsg
+		pdu.TextLen = uint32(len(errMsg))
+	}
+	pdu.Len = uint32(RTR_MIN_LEN) + uint32(RTR_ERROR_REPORT_ERR_PDU_LEN) + pdu.PDULen + uint32(RTR_ERROR_REPORT_ERR_TEXT_LEN) + pdu.TextLen
+	return pdu
+}
+
+func SplitRTR(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
+	if atEOF && len(data) == 0 || len(data) < RTR_MIN_LEN {
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+
+	totalLen := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
+	if totalLen < RTR_MIN_LEN {
+		return 0, nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid length: %d", totalLen)
+	}
+	if uint32(len(data)) < totalLen {
+		return 0, nil, nil
+	}
+	return int(totalLen), data[0:totalLen], nil
+}
+
+func ParseRTR(data []byte) (RTRMessage, error) {
+	var msg RTRMessage
+	switch data[1] {
+	case RTR_SERIAL_NOTIFY:
+		msg = &RTRSerialNotify{}
+	case RTR_SERIAL_QUERY:
+		msg = &RTRSerialQuery{}
+	case RTR_RESET_QUERY:
+		msg = &RTRResetQuery{}
+	case RTR_CACHE_RESPONSE:
+		msg = &RTRCacheResponse{}
+	case RTR_IPV4_PREFIX:
+		msg = &RTRIPPrefix{}
+	case RTR_IPV6_PREFIX:
+		msg = &RTRIPPrefix{}
+	case RTR_END_OF_DATA:
+		msg = &RTREndOfData{}
+	case RTR_CACHE_RESET:
+		msg = &RTRCacheReset{}
+	case RTR_ERROR_REPORT:
+		msg = &RTRErrorReport{}
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown RTR message type %d:", data[1])
+	}
+	err := msg.DecodeFromBytes(data)
+	return msg, err
+}
diff --git a/pkg/packet/rtr/rtr_test.go b/pkg/packet/rtr/rtr_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..08f930b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/packet/rtr/rtr_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+// implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package rtr
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"math/rand"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func verifyRTRMessage(t *testing.T, m1 RTRMessage) {
+	buf1, _ := m1.Serialize()
+	m2, err := ParseRTR(buf1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	buf2, err := m2.Serialize()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, buf1, buf2, "buf1: %v buf2: %v", hex.EncodeToString(buf1), hex.EncodeToString(buf2))
+}
+
+func randUint32() uint32 {
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	return rand.Uint32()
+}
+
+func Test_RTRSerialNotify(t *testing.T) {
+	id := uint16(time.Now().Unix())
+	sn := randUint32()
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRSerialNotify(id, sn))
+}
+
+func Test_RTRSerialQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	id := uint16(time.Now().Unix())
+	sn := randUint32()
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRSerialQuery(id, sn))
+}
+
+func Test_RTRResetQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRResetQuery())
+}
+
+func Test_RTRCacheResponse(t *testing.T) {
+	id := uint16(time.Now().Unix())
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRCacheResponse(id))
+}
+
+type rtrIPPrefixTestCase struct {
+	pString string
+	pLen    uint8
+	mLen    uint8
+	asn     uint32
+	flags   uint8
+}
+
+var rtrIPPrefixTestCases = []rtrIPPrefixTestCase{
+	{"192.168.0.0", 16, 32, 65001, ANNOUNCEMENT},
+	{"192.168.0.0", 16, 32, 65001, WITHDRAWAL},
+	{"2001:db8::", 32, 128, 65001, ANNOUNCEMENT},
+	{"2001:db8::", 32, 128, 65001, WITHDRAWAL},
+	{"::ffff:0.0.0.0", 96, 128, 65001, ANNOUNCEMENT},
+	{"::ffff:0.0.0.0", 96, 128, 65001, WITHDRAWAL},
+}
+
+func Test_RTRIPPrefix(t *testing.T) {
+	for i := range rtrIPPrefixTestCases {
+		test := &rtrIPPrefixTestCases[i]
+		addr := net.ParseIP(test.pString)
+		verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRIPPrefix(addr, test.pLen, test.mLen, test.asn, test.flags))
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_RTREndOfData(t *testing.T) {
+	id := uint16(time.Now().Unix())
+	sn := randUint32()
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTREndOfData(id, sn))
+}
+
+func Test_RTRCacheReset(t *testing.T) {
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRCacheReset())
+}
+
+func Test_RTRErrorReport(t *testing.T) {
+	errPDU, _ := NewRTRResetQuery().Serialize()
+	errText1 := []byte("Couldn't send CacheResponce PDU")
+	errText2 := []byte("Wrong Length of PDU: 10 bytes")
+
+	// See 5.10 ErrorReport in RFC6810
+	// when it doesn't have both "erroneous PDU" and "Arbitrary Text"
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRErrorReport(NO_DATA_AVAILABLE, nil, nil))
+
+	// when it has "erroneous PDU"
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRErrorReport(UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL_VERSION, errPDU, nil))
+
+	// when it has "ArbitaryText"
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRErrorReport(INTERNAL_ERROR, nil, errText1))
+
+	// when it has both "erroneous PDU" and "Arbitrary Text"
+	verifyRTRMessage(t, NewRTRErrorReport(CORRUPT_DATA, errPDU, errText2))
+}