// Copyright 2018 The gVisor Authors. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. package safemem import ( "fmt" "reflect" "unsafe" "gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/safecopy" ) // A Block is a range of contiguous bytes, similar to []byte but with the // following differences: // // - The memory represented by a Block may require the use of safecopy to // access. // // - Block does not carry a capacity and cannot be expanded. // // Blocks are immutable and may be copied by value. The zero value of Block // represents an empty range, analogous to a nil []byte. type Block struct { // [start, start+length) is the represented memory. // // start is an unsafe.Pointer to ensure that Block prevents the represented // memory from being garbage-collected. start unsafe.Pointer length int // needSafecopy is true if accessing the represented memory requires the // use of safecopy. needSafecopy bool } // BlockFromSafeSlice returns a Block equivalent to slice, which is safe to // access without safecopy. func BlockFromSafeSlice(slice []byte) Block { return blockFromSlice(slice, false) } // BlockFromUnsafeSlice returns a Block equivalent to bs, which is not safe to // access without safecopy. func BlockFromUnsafeSlice(slice []byte) Block { return blockFromSlice(slice, true) } func blockFromSlice(slice []byte, needSafecopy bool) Block { if len(slice) == 0 { return Block{} } return Block{ start: unsafe.Pointer(&slice[0]), length: len(slice), needSafecopy: needSafecopy, } } // BlockFromSafePointer returns a Block equivalent to [ptr, ptr+len), which is // safe to access without safecopy. // // Preconditions: ptr+len does not overflow. func BlockFromSafePointer(ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int) Block { return blockFromPointer(ptr, len, false) } // BlockFromUnsafePointer returns a Block equivalent to [ptr, ptr+len), which // is not safe to access without safecopy. // // Preconditions: ptr+len does not overflow. func BlockFromUnsafePointer(ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int) Block { return blockFromPointer(ptr, len, true) } func blockFromPointer(ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int, needSafecopy bool) Block { if uptr := uintptr(ptr); uptr+uintptr(len) < uptr { panic(fmt.Sprintf("ptr %#x + len %#x overflows", ptr, len)) } return Block{ start: ptr, length: len, needSafecopy: needSafecopy, } } // DropFirst returns a Block equivalent to b, but with the first n bytes // omitted. It is analogous to the [n:] operation on a slice, except that if n // > b.Len(), DropFirst returns an empty Block instead of panicking. // // Preconditions: n >= 0. func (b Block) DropFirst(n int) Block { if n < 0 { panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid n: %d", n)) } return b.DropFirst64(uint64(n)) } // DropFirst64 is equivalent to DropFirst but takes a uint64. func (b Block) DropFirst64(n uint64) Block { if n >= uint64(b.length) { return Block{} } return Block{ start: unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(b.start) + uintptr(n)), length: b.length - int(n), needSafecopy: b.needSafecopy, } } // TakeFirst returns a Block equivalent to the first n bytes of b. It is // analogous to the [:n] operation on a slice, except that if n > b.Len(), // TakeFirst returns a copy of b instead of panicking. // // Preconditions: n >= 0. func (b Block) TakeFirst(n int) Block { if n < 0 { panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid n: %d", n)) } return b.TakeFirst64(uint64(n)) } // TakeFirst64 is equivalent to TakeFirst but takes a uint64. func (b Block) TakeFirst64(n uint64) Block { if n == 0 { return Block{} } if n >= uint64(b.length) { return b } return Block{ start: b.start, length: int(n), needSafecopy: b.needSafecopy, } } // ToSlice returns a []byte equivalent to b. func (b Block) ToSlice() []byte { var bs []byte hdr := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&bs)) hdr.Data = uintptr(b.start) hdr.Len = b.length hdr.Cap = b.length return bs } // Addr returns b's start address as a uintptr. It returns uintptr instead of // unsafe.Pointer so that code using safemem cannot obtain unsafe.Pointers // without importing the unsafe package explicitly. // // Note that a uintptr is not recognized as a pointer by the garbage collector, // such that if there are no uses of b after a call to b.Addr() and the address // is to Go-managed memory, the returned uintptr does not prevent garbage // collection of the pointee. func (b Block) Addr() uintptr { return uintptr(b.start) } // Len returns b's length in bytes. func (b Block) Len() int { return b.length } // NeedSafecopy returns true if accessing b.ToSlice() requires the use of safecopy. func (b Block) NeedSafecopy() bool { return b.needSafecopy } // String implements fmt.Stringer.String. func (b Block) String() string { if uintptr(b.start) == 0 && b.length == 0 { return "<nil>" } var suffix string if b.needSafecopy { suffix = "*" } return fmt.Sprintf("[%#x-%#x)%s", uintptr(b.start), uintptr(b.start)+uintptr(b.length), suffix) } // Copy copies src.Len() or dst.Len() bytes, whichever is less, from src // to dst and returns the number of bytes copied. // // If src and dst overlap, the data stored in dst is unspecified. func Copy(dst, src Block) (int, error) { if !dst.needSafecopy && !src.needSafecopy { return copy(dst.ToSlice(), src.ToSlice()), nil } n := dst.length if n > src.length { n = src.length } if n == 0 { return 0, nil } switch { case dst.needSafecopy && !src.needSafecopy: return safecopy.CopyOut(dst.start, src.TakeFirst(n).ToSlice()) case !dst.needSafecopy && src.needSafecopy: return safecopy.CopyIn(dst.TakeFirst(n).ToSlice(), src.start) case dst.needSafecopy && src.needSafecopy: n64, err := safecopy.Copy(dst.start, src.start, uintptr(n)) return int(n64), err default: panic("unreachable") } } // Zero sets all bytes in dst to 0 and returns the number of bytes zeroed. func Zero(dst Block) (int, error) { if !dst.needSafecopy { bs := dst.ToSlice() for i := range bs { bs[i] = 0 } return len(bs), nil } n64, err := safecopy.ZeroOut(dst.start, uintptr(dst.length)) return int(n64), err } // Safecopy atomics are no slower than non-safecopy atomics, so use the former // even when !b.needSafecopy to get consistent alignment checking. // SwapUint32 invokes safecopy.SwapUint32 on the first 4 bytes of b. // // Preconditions: b.Len() >= 4. func SwapUint32(b Block, new uint32) (uint32, error) { if b.length < 4 { panic(fmt.Sprintf("insufficient length: %d", b.length)) } return safecopy.SwapUint32(b.start, new) } // SwapUint64 invokes safecopy.SwapUint64 on the first 8 bytes of b. // // Preconditions: b.Len() >= 8. func SwapUint64(b Block, new uint64) (uint64, error) { if b.length < 8 { panic(fmt.Sprintf("insufficient length: %d", b.length)) } return safecopy.SwapUint64(b.start, new) } // CompareAndSwapUint32 invokes safecopy.CompareAndSwapUint32 on the first 4 // bytes of b. // // Preconditions: b.Len() >= 4. func CompareAndSwapUint32(b Block, old, new uint32) (uint32, error) { if b.length < 4 { panic(fmt.Sprintf("insufficient length: %d", b.length)) } return safecopy.CompareAndSwapUint32(b.start, old, new) } // LoadUint32 invokes safecopy.LoadUint32 on the first 4 bytes of b. // // Preconditions: b.Len() >= 4. func LoadUint32(b Block) (uint32, error) { if b.length < 4 { panic(fmt.Sprintf("insufficient length: %d", b.length)) } return safecopy.LoadUint32(b.start) }