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Our current reference leak checker uses finalizers to verify whether an object
has reached zero references before it is garbage collected. There are multiple
problems with this mechanism, so a rewrite is in order.
With finalizers, there is no way to guarantee that a finalizer will run before
the program exits. When an unreachable object with a finalizer is garbage
collected, its finalizer will be added to a queue and run asynchronously. The
best we can do is run garbage collection upon sandbox exit to make sure that
all finalizers are enqueued.
Furthermore, if there is a chain of finalized objects, e.g. A points to B
points to C, garbage collection needs to run multiple times before all of the
finalizers are enqueued. The first GC run will register the finalizer for A but
not free it. It takes another GC run to free A, at which point B's finalizer
can be registered. As a result, we need to run GC as many times as the length
of the longest such chain to have a somewhat reliable leak checker.
Finally, a cyclical chain of structs pointing to one another will never be
garbage collected if a finalizer is set. This is a well-known issue with Go
finalizers (https://github.com/golang/go/issues/7358). Using leak checking on
filesystem objects that produce cycles will not work and even result in memory
leaks.
The new leak checker stores reference counted objects in a global map when
leak check is enabled and removes them once they are destroyed. At sandbox
exit, any remaining objects in the map are considered as leaked. This provides
a deterministic way of detecting leaks without relying on the complexities of
finalizers and garbage collection.
This approach has several benefits over the former, including:
- Always detects leaks of objects that should be destroyed very close to
sandbox exit. The old checker very rarely detected these leaks, because it
relied on garbage collection to be run in a short window of time.
- Panics if we forgot to enable leak check on a ref-counted object (we will try
to remove it from the map when it is destroyed, but it will never have been
added).
- Can store extra logging information in the map values without adding to the
size of the ref count struct itself. With the size of just an int64, the ref
count object remains compact, meaning frequent operations like IncRef/DecRef
are more cache-efficient.
- Can aggregate leak results in a single report after the sandbox exits.
Instead of having warnings littered in the log, which were
non-deterministically triggered by garbage collection, we can print all
warning messages at once. Note that this could also be a limitation--the
sandbox must exit properly for leaks to be detected.
Some basic benchmarking indicates that this change does not significantly
affect performance when leak checking is enabled, which is understandable
since registering/unregistering is only done once for each filesystem object.
Updates #1486.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 338685972
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PiperOrigin-RevId: 338168977
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Using the newer bazel rules necessitates a transition from proto1 to
proto2. In order to resolve the incompatibility between proto2 and
gogoproto, the cri runtimeoptions proto must be vendored.
Further, some of the semantics of bazel caching changed during the
transition. It is now necessary to:
- Ensure that :gopath depends only on pure library targets, as the
propagation of go_binary build attributes (pure, static) will
affected the generated files (though content remains the same,
there are conflicts with respect to the gopath).
- Update bazel.mk to include the possibility of binaries in the
bazel-out directory, as it will now put runsc and others there.
This required some refinements to the mechanism of extracting
paths, since some the existing regex resulted in false positives.
- Change nogo rules to prevent escape generation on binary targets.
For some reason, the newer version of bazel attempted to run the
nogo analysis on the binary targets, which fails due to the fact
that objdump does not work on the final binary. This must be due
to a change in the semantics of aspects in bazel3.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 337958324
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This change also adds support to go_stateify for detecting an appropriate
receiver name, avoiding a large number of false positives.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 335994587
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PiperOrigin-RevId: 329408633
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This immediately revealed an escape analysis violation (!), where
the sync.Map was being used in a context that escapes were not
allowed. This is a relatively minor fix and is included.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 328611237
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PiperOrigin-RevId: 307941984
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See tools/nogo/README.md.
The checkescape tool is able to perform recursive escape analysis, using the
actual generated binary to confirm the results produced by the compiler itself.
As an initial use case, this replaces the manual escape analysis tests used for
go_marshal, and validates that the CopyIn and CopyOut paths will not require
any allocation or stack splits.
Updates #2243
PiperOrigin-RevId: 307532986
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