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+// Copyright 2019 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package disklayout
+
+import (
+ "gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/abi/linux"
+ "gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+ "gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/time"
+)
+
+// The Inode interface must be implemented by structs representing ext inodes.
+// The inode stores all the metadata pertaining to the file (except for the
+// file name which is held by the directory entry). It does NOT expose all
+// fields and should be extended if need be.
+//
+// Some file systems (e.g. FAT) use the directory entry to store all this
+// information. Ext file systems do not so that they can support hard links.
+// However, ext4 cheats a little bit and duplicates the file type in the
+// directory entry for performance gains.
+//
+// See https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ext4/dynamic.html#index-nodes.
+type Inode interface {
+ // Mode returns the linux file mode which is majorly used to extract
+ // information like:
+ // - File permissions (read/write/execute by user/group/others).
+ // - Sticky, set UID and GID bits.
+ // - File type.
+ //
+ // Masks to extract this information are provided in pkg/abi/linux/file.go.
+ Mode() linux.FileMode
+
+ // UID returns the owner UID.
+ UID() auth.KUID
+
+ // GID returns the owner GID.
+ GID() auth.KGID
+
+ // Size returns the size of the file in bytes.
+ Size() uint64
+
+ // InodeSize returns the size of this inode struct in bytes.
+ // In ext2 and ext3, the inode struct and inode disk record size was fixed at
+ // 128 bytes. Ext4 makes it possible for the inode struct to be bigger.
+ // However, accessing any field beyond the 128 bytes marker must be verified
+ // using this method.
+ InodeSize() uint16
+
+ // AccessTime returns the last access time. Shows when the file was last read.
+ //
+ // If InExtendedAttr is set, then this should NOT be used because the
+ // underlying field is used to store the extended attribute value checksum.
+ AccessTime() time.Time
+
+ // ChangeTime returns the last change time. Shows when the file meta data
+ // (like permissions) was last changed.
+ //
+ // If InExtendedAttr is set, then this should NOT be used because the
+ // underlying field is used to store the lower 32 bits of the attribute
+ // value’s reference count.
+ ChangeTime() time.Time
+
+ // ModificationTime returns the last modification time. Shows when the file
+ // content was last modified.
+ //
+ // If InExtendedAttr is set, then this should NOT be used because
+ // the underlying field contains the number of the inode that owns the
+ // extended attribute.
+ ModificationTime() time.Time
+
+ // DeletionTime returns the deletion time. Inodes are marked as deleted by
+ // writing to the underlying field. FS tools can restore files until they are
+ // actually overwritten.
+ DeletionTime() time.Time
+
+ // LinksCount returns the number of hard links to this inode.
+ //
+ // Normally there is an upper limit on the number of hard links:
+ // - ext2/ext3 = 32,000
+ // - ext4 = 65,000
+ //
+ // This implies that an ext4 directory cannot have more than 64,998
+ // subdirectories because each subdirectory will have a hard link to the
+ // directory via the `..` entry. The directory has hard link via the `.` entry
+ // of its own. And finally the inode is initiated with 1 hard link (itself).
+ //
+ // The underlying value is reset to 1 if all the following hold:
+ // - Inode is a directory.
+ // - SbDirNlink is enabled.
+ // - Number of hard links is incremented past 64,999.
+ // Hard link value of 1 for a directory would indicate that the number of hard
+ // links is unknown because a directory can have minimum 2 hard links (itself
+ // and `.` entry).
+ LinksCount() uint16
+
+ // Flags returns InodeFlags which represents the inode flags.
+ Flags() InodeFlags
+
+ // Blocks returns the underlying inode.i_block array. This field is special
+ // and is used to store various kinds of things depending on the filesystem
+ // version and inode type.
+ // - In ext2/ext3, it contains the block map.
+ // - In ext4, it contains the extent tree.
+ // - For inline files, it contains the file contents.
+ // - For symlinks, it contains the link path (if it fits here).
+ //
+ // See https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ext4/dynamic.html#the-contents-of-inode-i-block.
+ Blocks() [60]byte
+}
+
+// Inode flags. This is not comprehensive and flags which were not used in
+// the Linux kernel have been excluded.
+const (
+ // InSync indicates that all writes to the file must be synchronous.
+ InSync = 0x8
+
+ // InImmutable indicates that this file is immutable.
+ InImmutable = 0x10
+
+ // InAppend indicates that this file can only be appended to.
+ InAppend = 0x20
+
+ // InNoDump indicates that teh dump(1) utility should not dump this file.
+ InNoDump = 0x40
+
+ // InNoAccessTime indicates that the access time of this inode must not be
+ // updated.
+ InNoAccessTime = 0x80
+
+ // InIndex indicates that this directory has hashed indexes.
+ InIndex = 0x1000
+
+ // InJournalData indicates that file data must always be written through a
+ // journal device.
+ InJournalData = 0x4000
+
+ // InDirSync indicates that all the directory entiry data must be written
+ // synchronously.
+ InDirSync = 0x10000
+
+ // InTopDir indicates that this inode is at the top of the directory hierarchy.
+ InTopDir = 0x20000
+
+ // InHugeFile indicates that this is a huge file.
+ InHugeFile = 0x40000
+
+ // InExtents indicates that this inode uses extents.
+ InExtents = 0x80000
+
+ // InExtendedAttr indicates that this inode stores a large extended attribute
+ // value in its data blocks.
+ InExtendedAttr = 0x200000
+
+ // InInline indicates that this inode has inline data.
+ InInline = 0x10000000
+
+ // InReserved indicates that this inode is reserved for the ext4 library.
+ InReserved = 0x80000000
+)
+
+// InodeFlags represents all possible combinations of inode flags. It aims to
+// cover the bit masks and provide a more user-friendly interface.
+type InodeFlags struct {
+ Sync bool
+ Immutable bool
+ Append bool
+ NoDump bool
+ NoAccessTime bool
+ Index bool
+ JournalData bool
+ DirSync bool
+ TopDir bool
+ HugeFile bool
+ Extents bool
+ ExtendedAttr bool
+ Inline bool
+ Reserved bool
+}
+
+// ToInt converts inode flags back to its 32-bit rep.
+func (f InodeFlags) ToInt() uint32 {
+ var res uint32
+
+ if f.Sync {
+ res |= InSync
+ }
+ if f.Immutable {
+ res |= InImmutable
+ }
+ if f.Append {
+ res |= InAppend
+ }
+ if f.NoDump {
+ res |= InNoDump
+ }
+ if f.NoAccessTime {
+ res |= InNoAccessTime
+ }
+ if f.Index {
+ res |= InIndex
+ }
+ if f.JournalData {
+ res |= InJournalData
+ }
+ if f.DirSync {
+ res |= InDirSync
+ }
+ if f.TopDir {
+ res |= InTopDir
+ }
+ if f.HugeFile {
+ res |= InHugeFile
+ }
+ if f.Extents {
+ res |= InExtents
+ }
+ if f.ExtendedAttr {
+ res |= InExtendedAttr
+ }
+ if f.Inline {
+ res |= InInline
+ }
+ if f.Reserved {
+ res |= InReserved
+ }
+
+ return res
+}
+
+// InodeFlagsFromInt converts the integer representation of inode flags to
+// a InodeFlags struct.
+func InodeFlagsFromInt(f uint32) InodeFlags {
+ return InodeFlags{
+ Sync: f&InSync > 0,
+ Immutable: f&InImmutable > 0,
+ Append: f&InAppend > 0,
+ NoDump: f&InNoDump > 0,
+ NoAccessTime: f&InNoAccessTime > 0,
+ Index: f&InIndex > 0,
+ JournalData: f&InJournalData > 0,
+ DirSync: f&InDirSync > 0,
+ TopDir: f&InTopDir > 0,
+ HugeFile: f&InHugeFile > 0,
+ Extents: f&InExtents > 0,
+ ExtendedAttr: f&InExtendedAttr > 0,
+ Inline: f&InInline > 0,
+ Reserved: f&InReserved > 0,
+ }
+}
+
+// These masks define how users can view/modify inode flags. The rest of the
+// flags are for internal kernel usage only.
+const (
+ InUserReadFlagMask = 0x4BDFFF
+ InUserWriteFlagMask = 0x4B80FF
+)