Rate limit the unimplemented syscall event handler.

This introduces two new types of Emitters:
1. MultiEmitter, which will forward events to other registered Emitters, and
2. RateLimitedEmitter, which will forward events to a wrapped Emitter, subject
	to given rate limits.

The methods in the eventchannel package itself act like a multiEmitter, but is
not actually an Emitter. Now we have a DefaultEmitter, and the methods in
eventchannel simply forward calls to the DefaultEmitter.

The unimplemented syscall handler now uses a RateLimetedEmitter that wraps the
DefaultEmitter.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 260612770

6 files changed, 288 insertions, 28 deletions

diff --git a/pkg/eventchannel/BUILD b/pkg/eventchannel/BUILD
index 4c336ea84..9961baaa9 100644
--- a/pkg/eventchannel/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/eventchannel/BUILD
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//tools/go_stateify:defs.bzl", "go_library")
+load("//tools/go_stateify:defs.bzl", "go_library", "go_test")
 load("@io_bazel_rules_go//proto:def.bzl", "go_proto_library")
 
 package(licenses = ["notice"])
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ go_library(
     name = "eventchannel",
     srcs = [
         "event.go",
+        "rate.go",
     ],
     importpath = "gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/eventchannel",
     visibility = ["//:sandbox"],
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/unet",
         "@com_github_golang_protobuf//proto:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_golang_protobuf//ptypes:go_default_library_gen",
+        "@org_golang_x_time//rate:go_default_library",
     ],
 )
 
@@ -30,3 +32,12 @@ go_proto_library(
     proto = ":eventchannel_proto",
     visibility = ["//:sandbox"],
 )
+
+go_test(
+    name = "eventchannel_test",
+    srcs = ["event_test.go"],
+    embed = [":eventchannel"],
+    deps = [
+        "@com_github_golang_protobuf//proto:go_default_library",
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/pkg/eventchannel/event.go b/pkg/eventchannel/event.go
index f6d26532b..d37ad0428 100644
--- a/pkg/eventchannel/event.go
+++ b/pkg/eventchannel/event.go
@@ -43,18 +43,36 @@ type Emitter interface {
 	Close() error
 }
 
-var (
-	mu       sync.Mutex
-	emitters = make(map[Emitter]struct{})
-)
+// DefaultEmitter is the default emitter. Calls to Emit and AddEmitter are sent
+// to this Emitter.
+var DefaultEmitter = &multiEmitter{}
 
-// Emit emits a message using all added emitters.
+// Emit is a helper method that calls DefaultEmitter.Emit.
 func Emit(msg proto.Message) error {
-	mu.Lock()
-	defer mu.Unlock()
+	_, err := DefaultEmitter.Emit(msg)
+	return err
+}
+
+// AddEmitter is a helper method that calls DefaultEmitter.AddEmitter.
+func AddEmitter(e Emitter) {
+	DefaultEmitter.AddEmitter(e)
+}
+
+// multiEmitter is an Emitter that forwards messages to multiple Emitters.
+type multiEmitter struct {
+	// mu protects emitters.
+	mu sync.Mutex
+	// emitters is initialized lazily in AddEmitter.
+	emitters map[Emitter]struct{}
+}
+
+// Emit emits a message using all added emitters.
+func (me *multiEmitter) Emit(msg proto.Message) (bool, error) {
+	me.mu.Lock()
+	defer me.mu.Unlock()
 
 	var err error
-	for e := range emitters {
+	for e := range me.emitters {
 		hangup, eerr := e.Emit(msg)
 		if eerr != nil {
 			if err == nil {
@@ -68,18 +86,36 @@ func Emit(msg proto.Message) error {
 		}
 		if hangup {
 			log.Infof("Hangup on eventchannel emitter %v.", e)
-			delete(emitters, e)
+			delete(me.emitters, e)
 		}
 	}
 
-	return err
+	return false, err
 }
 
 // AddEmitter adds a new emitter.
-func AddEmitter(e Emitter) {
-	mu.Lock()
-	defer mu.Unlock()
-	emitters[e] = struct{}{}
+func (me *multiEmitter) AddEmitter(e Emitter) {
+	me.mu.Lock()
+	defer me.mu.Unlock()
+	if me.emitters == nil {
+		me.emitters = make(map[Emitter]struct{})
+	}
+	me.emitters[e] = struct{}{}
+}
+
+// Close closes all emitters. If any Close call errors, it returns the first
+// one encountered.
+func (me *multiEmitter) Close() error {
+	me.mu.Lock()
+	defer me.mu.Unlock()
+	var err error
+	for e := range me.emitters {
+		if eerr := e.Close(); err == nil && eerr != nil {
+			err = eerr
+		}
+		delete(me.emitters, e)
+	}
+	return err
 }
 
 func marshal(msg proto.Message) ([]byte, error) {
diff --git a/pkg/eventchannel/event_test.go b/pkg/eventchannel/event_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3649097d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/eventchannel/event_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package eventchannel
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+)
+
+// testEmitter is an emitter that can be used in tests. It records all events
+// emitted, and whether it has been closed.
+type testEmitter struct {
+	// mu protects all fields below.
+	mu sync.Mutex
+
+	// events contains all emitted events.
+	events []proto.Message
+
+	// closed records whether Close() was called.
+	closed bool
+}
+
+// Emit implements Emitter.Emit.
+func (te *testEmitter) Emit(msg proto.Message) (bool, error) {
+	te.mu.Lock()
+	defer te.mu.Unlock()
+	te.events = append(te.events, msg)
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+// Close implements Emitter.Close.
+func (te *testEmitter) Close() error {
+	te.mu.Lock()
+	defer te.mu.Unlock()
+	if te.closed {
+		return fmt.Errorf("closed called twice")
+	}
+	te.closed = true
+	return nil
+}
+
+// testMessage implements proto.Message for testing.
+type testMessage struct {
+	proto.Message
+
+	// name is the name of the message, used by tests to compare messages.
+	name string
+}
+
+func TestMultiEmitter(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create three testEmitters, tied together in a multiEmitter.
+	me := &multiEmitter{}
+	var emitters []*testEmitter
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		te := &testEmitter{}
+		emitters = append(emitters, te)
+		me.AddEmitter(te)
+	}
+
+	// Emit three messages to multiEmitter.
+	names := []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}
+	for _, name := range names {
+		m := testMessage{name: name}
+		if _, err := me.Emit(m); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("me.Emit(%v) failed: %v", m, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// All three emitters should have all three events.
+	for _, te := range emitters {
+		if got, want := len(te.events), len(names); got != want {
+			t.Fatalf("emitter got %d events, want %d", got, want)
+		}
+		for i, name := range names {
+			if got := te.events[i].(testMessage).name; got != name {
+				t.Errorf("emitter got message with name %q, want %q", got, name)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Close multiEmitter.
+	if err := me.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("me.Close() failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// All testEmitters should be closed.
+	for _, te := range emitters {
+		if !te.closed {
+			t.Errorf("te.closed got false, want true")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRateLimitedEmitter(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a RateLimittedEmitter that wraps a testEmitter.
+	te := &testEmitter{}
+	max := float64(5) // events per second
+	burst := 10       // events
+	rle := RateLimitedEmitterFrom(te, max, burst)
+
+	// Send 50 messages in one shot.
+	for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
+		if _, err := rle.Emit(testMessage{}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("rle.Emit failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// We should have received only 10 messages.
+	if got, want := len(te.events), 10; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("got %d events, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+
+	// Sleep for a second and then send another 50.
+	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
+		if _, err := rle.Emit(testMessage{}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("rle.Emit failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// We should have at least 5 more message, plus maybe a few more if the
+	// test ran slowly.
+	got, wantAtLeast, wantAtMost := len(te.events), 15, 20
+	if got < wantAtLeast {
+		t.Errorf("got %d events, want at least  %d", got, wantAtLeast)
+	}
+	if got > wantAtMost {
+		t.Errorf("got %d events, want at most %d", got, wantAtMost)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/eventchannel/rate.go b/pkg/eventchannel/rate.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..179226c92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/eventchannel/rate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package eventchannel
+
+import (
+	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
+)
+
+// rateLimitedEmitter wraps an emitter and limits events to the given limits.
+// Events that would exceed the limit are discarded.
+type rateLimitedEmitter struct {
+	inner   Emitter
+	limiter *rate.Limiter
+}
+
+// RateLimitedEmitterFrom creates a new event channel emitter that wraps the
+// existing emitter and enforces rate limits. The limits are imposed via a
+// token bucket, with `maxRate` events per second, with burst size of `burst`
+// events. See the golang.org/x/time/rate package and
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_bucket for more information about token
+// buckets generally.
+func RateLimitedEmitterFrom(inner Emitter, maxRate float64, burst int) Emitter {
+	return &rateLimitedEmitter{
+		inner:   inner,
+		limiter: rate.NewLimiter(rate.Limit(maxRate), burst),
+	}
+}
+
+// Emit implements EventEmitter.Emit.
+func (rle *rateLimitedEmitter) Emit(msg proto.Message) (bool, error) {
+	if !rle.limiter.Allow() {
+		// Drop event.
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	return rle.inner.Emit(msg)
+}
+
+// Close implements EventEmitter.Close.
+func (rle *rateLimitedEmitter) Close() error {
+	return rle.inner.Close()
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go
index 4c2d48e65..cf8bf3ecd 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go
@@ -197,6 +197,11 @@ type Kernel struct {
 	// caches. Not all caches use it, only the caches that use host resources use
 	// the limiter. It may be nil if disabled.
 	DirentCacheLimiter *fs.DirentCacheLimiter
+
+	// unimplementedSyscallEmitter is used to emit unimplemented syscall
+	// events. This is initialized lazily on the first unimplemented
+	// syscall.
+	unimplementedSyscallEmitter eventchannel.Emitter `state:"nosave"`
 }
 
 // InitKernelArgs holds arguments to Init.
@@ -290,7 +295,6 @@ func (k *Kernel) Init(args InitKernelArgs) error {
 	k.monotonicClock = &timekeeperClock{tk: args.Timekeeper, c: sentrytime.Monotonic}
 	k.futexes = futex.NewManager()
 	k.netlinkPorts = port.New()
-
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -1168,16 +1172,6 @@ func (k *Kernel) SupervisorContext() context.Context {
 	}
 }
 
-// EmitUnimplementedEvent emits an UnimplementedSyscall event via the event
-// channel.
-func (k *Kernel) EmitUnimplementedEvent(ctx context.Context) {
-	t := TaskFromContext(ctx)
-	eventchannel.Emit(&uspb.UnimplementedSyscall{
-		Tid:       int32(t.ThreadID()),
-		Registers: t.Arch().StateData().Proto(),
-	})
-}
-
 // SocketEntry represents a socket recorded in Kernel.sockets. It implements
 // refs.WeakRefUser for sockets stored in the socket table.
 //
@@ -1272,3 +1266,23 @@ func (ctx supervisorContext) Value(key interface{}) interface{} {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
+
+// Rate limits for the number of unimplemented syscall evants.
+const (
+	unimplementedSyscallsMaxRate = 100  // events per second
+	unimplementedSyscallBurst    = 1000 // events
+)
+
+// EmitUnimplementedEvent emits an UnimplementedSyscall event via the event
+// channel.
+func (k *Kernel) EmitUnimplementedEvent(ctx context.Context) {
+	if k.unimplementedSyscallEmitter == nil {
+		k.unimplementedSyscallEmitter = eventchannel.RateLimitedEmitterFrom(eventchannel.DefaultEmitter, unimplementedSyscallsMaxRate, unimplementedSyscallBurst)
+	}
+
+	t := TaskFromContext(ctx)
+	k.unimplementedSyscallEmitter.Emit(&uspb.UnimplementedSyscall{
+		Tid:       int32(t.ThreadID()),
+		Registers: t.Arch().StateData().Proto(),
+	})
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/linux64.go b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/linux64.go
index 51db2d8f7..ed996ba51 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/linux64.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/linux64.go
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ import (
 const _AUDIT_ARCH_X86_64 = 0xc000003e
 
 // AMD64 is a table of Linux amd64 syscall API with the corresponding syscall
-// numbers from Linux 4.4. The entries commented out are those syscalls we
-// don't currently support.
+// numbers from Linux 4.4.
 var AMD64 = &kernel.SyscallTable{
 	OS:   abi.Linux,
 	Arch: arch.AMD64,