Implement cgroupfs.

A skeleton implementation of cgroupfs. It supports trivial cpu and
memory controllers with no support for hierarchies.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 366561126

24 files changed, 1469 insertions, 28 deletions

diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..48913068a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+load("//tools:defs.bzl", "go_library")
+load("//tools/go_generics:defs.bzl", "go_template_instance")
+
+licenses(["notice"])
+
+go_template_instance(
+    name = "dir_refs",
+    out = "dir_refs.go",
+    package = "cgroupfs",
+    prefix = "dir",
+    template = "//pkg/refsvfs2:refs_template",
+    types = {
+        "T": "dir",
+    },
+)
+
+go_library(
+    name = "cgroupfs",
+    srcs = [
+        "base.go",
+        "cgroupfs.go",
+        "cpu.go",
+        "cpuacct.go",
+        "cpuset.go",
+        "dir_refs.go",
+        "memory.go",
+    ],
+    visibility = ["//pkg/sentry:internal"],
+    deps = [
+        "//pkg/abi/linux",
+        "//pkg/context",
+        "//pkg/coverage",
+        "//pkg/log",
+        "//pkg/refs",
+        "//pkg/refsvfs2",
+        "//pkg/sentry/arch",
+        "//pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs",
+        "//pkg/sentry/kernel",
+        "//pkg/sentry/kernel/auth",
+        "//pkg/sentry/memmap",
+        "//pkg/sentry/usage",
+        "//pkg/sentry/vfs",
+        "//pkg/sync",
+        "//pkg/syserror",
+        "//pkg/usermem",
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/base.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/base.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..360bbb17d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/base.go
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cgroupfs
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/abi/linux"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/vfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
+)
+
+// controllerCommon implements kernel.CgroupController.
+//
+// Must call init before use.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type controllerCommon struct {
+	ty kernel.CgroupControllerType
+	fs *filesystem
+}
+
+func (c *controllerCommon) init(ty kernel.CgroupControllerType, fs *filesystem) {
+	c.ty = ty
+	c.fs = fs
+}
+
+// Type implements kernel.CgroupController.Type.
+func (c *controllerCommon) Type() kernel.CgroupControllerType {
+	return kernel.CgroupControllerType(c.ty)
+}
+
+// HierarchyID implements kernel.CgroupController.HierarchyID.
+func (c *controllerCommon) HierarchyID() uint32 {
+	return c.fs.hierarchyID
+}
+
+// NumCgroups implements kernel.CgroupController.NumCgroups.
+func (c *controllerCommon) NumCgroups() uint64 {
+	return atomic.LoadUint64(&c.fs.numCgroups)
+}
+
+// Enabled implements kernel.CgroupController.Enabled.
+//
+// Controllers are currently always enabled.
+func (c *controllerCommon) Enabled() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+// Filesystem implements kernel.CgroupController.Filesystem.
+func (c *controllerCommon) Filesystem() *vfs.Filesystem {
+	return c.fs.VFSFilesystem()
+}
+
+// RootCgroup implements kernel.CgroupController.RootCgroup.
+func (c *controllerCommon) RootCgroup() kernel.Cgroup {
+	return c.fs.rootCgroup()
+}
+
+// controller is an interface for common functionality related to all cgroups.
+// It is an extension of the public cgroup interface, containing cgroup
+// functionality private to cgroupfs.
+type controller interface {
+	kernel.CgroupController
+
+	// AddControlFiles should extend the contents map with inodes representing
+	// control files defined by this controller.
+	AddControlFiles(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, c *cgroupInode, contents map[string]kernfs.Inode)
+}
+
+// cgroupInode implements kernel.CgroupImpl and kernfs.Inode.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type cgroupInode struct {
+	dir
+	fs *filesystem
+
+	// ts is the list of tasks in this cgroup. The kernel is responsible for
+	// removing tasks from this list before they're destroyed, so any tasks on
+	// this list are always valid.
+	//
+	// ts, and cgroup membership in general is protected by fs.tasksMu.
+	ts map[*kernel.Task]struct{}
+}
+
+var _ kernel.CgroupImpl = (*cgroupInode)(nil)
+
+func (fs *filesystem) newCgroupInode(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials) kernfs.Inode {
+	c := &cgroupInode{
+		fs: fs,
+		ts: make(map[*kernel.Task]struct{}),
+	}
+
+	contents := make(map[string]kernfs.Inode)
+	contents["cgroup.procs"] = fs.newControllerFile(ctx, creds, &cgroupProcsData{c})
+	contents["tasks"] = fs.newControllerFile(ctx, creds, &tasksData{c})
+
+	for _, ctl := range fs.controllers {
+		ctl.AddControlFiles(ctx, creds, c, contents)
+	}
+
+	c.dir.InodeAttrs.Init(ctx, creds, linux.UNNAMED_MAJOR, fs.devMinor, fs.NextIno(), linux.ModeDirectory|linux.FileMode(0555))
+	c.dir.OrderedChildren.Init(kernfs.OrderedChildrenOptions{})
+	c.dir.InitRefs()
+	c.dir.IncLinks(c.dir.OrderedChildren.Populate(contents))
+
+	atomic.AddUint64(&fs.numCgroups, 1)
+
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *cgroupInode) HierarchyID() uint32 {
+	return c.fs.hierarchyID
+}
+
+// Controllers implements kernel.CgroupImpl.Controllers.
+func (c *cgroupInode) Controllers() []kernel.CgroupController {
+	return c.fs.kcontrollers
+}
+
+// Enter implements kernel.CgroupImpl.Enter.
+func (c *cgroupInode) Enter(t *kernel.Task) {
+	c.fs.tasksMu.Lock()
+	c.ts[t] = struct{}{}
+	c.fs.tasksMu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// Leave implements kernel.CgroupImpl.Leave.
+func (c *cgroupInode) Leave(t *kernel.Task) {
+	c.fs.tasksMu.Lock()
+	delete(c.ts, t)
+	c.fs.tasksMu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func sortTIDs(tids []kernel.ThreadID) {
+	sort.Slice(tids, func(i, j int) bool { return tids[i] < tids[j] })
+}
+
+// +stateify savable
+type cgroupProcsData struct {
+	*cgroupInode
+}
+
+// Generate implements vfs.DynamicBytesSource.Generate.
+func (d *cgroupProcsData) Generate(ctx context.Context, buf *bytes.Buffer) error {
+	t := kernel.TaskFromContext(ctx)
+	currPidns := t.ThreadGroup().PIDNamespace()
+
+	pgids := make(map[kernel.ThreadID]struct{})
+
+	d.fs.tasksMu.Lock()
+	defer d.fs.tasksMu.Unlock()
+
+	for task := range d.ts {
+		// Map dedups pgid, since iterating over all tasks produces multiple
+		// entries for the group leaders.
+		if pgid := currPidns.IDOfThreadGroup(task.ThreadGroup()); pgid != 0 {
+			pgids[pgid] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	pgidList := make([]kernel.ThreadID, 0, len(pgids))
+	for pgid, _ := range pgids {
+		pgidList = append(pgidList, pgid)
+	}
+	sortTIDs(pgidList)
+
+	for _, pgid := range pgidList {
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%d\n", pgid)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Write implements vfs.WritableDynamicBytesSource.Write.
+func (d *cgroupProcsData) Write(ctx context.Context, src usermem.IOSequence, offset int64) (int64, error) {
+	// TODO(b/183137098): Payload is the pid for a process to add to this cgroup.
+	return src.NumBytes(), nil
+}
+
+// +stateify savable
+type tasksData struct {
+	*cgroupInode
+}
+
+// Generate implements vfs.DynamicBytesSource.Generate.
+func (d *tasksData) Generate(ctx context.Context, buf *bytes.Buffer) error {
+	t := kernel.TaskFromContext(ctx)
+	currPidns := t.ThreadGroup().PIDNamespace()
+
+	var pids []kernel.ThreadID
+
+	d.fs.tasksMu.Lock()
+	defer d.fs.tasksMu.Unlock()
+
+	for task := range d.ts {
+		if pid := currPidns.IDOfTask(task); pid != 0 {
+			pids = append(pids, pid)
+		}
+	}
+	sortTIDs(pids)
+
+	for _, pid := range pids {
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%d\n", pid)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Write implements vfs.WritableDynamicBytesSource.Write.
+func (d *tasksData) Write(ctx context.Context, src usermem.IOSequence, offset int64) (int64, error) {
+	// TODO(b/183137098): Payload is the pid for a process to add to this cgroup.
+	return src.NumBytes(), nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cgroupfs.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cgroupfs.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3d4005fd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cgroupfs.go
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Package cgroupfs implements cgroupfs.
+//
+// A cgroup is a collection of tasks on the system, organized into a tree-like
+// structure similar to a filesystem directory tree. In fact, each cgroup is
+// represented by a directory on cgroupfs, and is manipulated through control
+// files in the directory.
+//
+// All cgroups on a system are organized into hierarchies. Hierarchies are a
+// distinct tree of cgroups, with a common set of controllers. One or more
+// cgroupfs mounts may point to each hierarchy. These mounts provide a common
+// view into the same tree of cgroups.
+//
+// A controller (also known as a "resource controller", or a cgroup "subsystem")
+// determines the behaviour of each cgroup.
+//
+// In addition to cgroupfs, the kernel has a cgroup registry that tracks
+// system-wide state related to cgroups such as active hierarchies and the
+// controllers associated with them.
+//
+// Since cgroupfs doesn't allow hardlinks, there is a unique mapping between
+// cgroupfs dentries and inodes.
+//
+// # Synchronization
+//
+// Cgroup hierarchy creation and destruction is protected by the
+// kernel.CgroupRegistry.mu. Once created, a hierarchy's set of controllers, the
+// filesystem associated with it, and the root cgroup for the hierarchy are
+// immutable.
+//
+// Membership of tasks within cgroups is protected by
+// cgroupfs.filesystem.tasksMu. Tasks also maintain a set of all cgroups they're
+// in, and this list is protected by Task.mu.
+//
+// Lock order:
+//
+// kernel.CgroupRegistry.mu
+//   cgroupfs.filesystem.mu
+//     Task.mu
+//       cgroupfs.filesystem.tasksMu.
+package cgroupfs
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/abi/linux"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/vfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sync"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserror"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Name is the default filesystem name.
+	Name                     = "cgroup"
+	readonlyFileMode         = linux.FileMode(0444)
+	writableFileMode         = linux.FileMode(0644)
+	defaultMaxCachedDentries = uint64(1000)
+)
+
+const (
+	controllerCPU     = kernel.CgroupControllerType("cpu")
+	controllerCPUAcct = kernel.CgroupControllerType("cpuacct")
+	controllerCPUSet  = kernel.CgroupControllerType("cpuset")
+	controllerMemory  = kernel.CgroupControllerType("memory")
+)
+
+var allControllers = []kernel.CgroupControllerType{controllerCPU, controllerCPUAcct, controllerCPUSet, controllerMemory}
+
+// SupportedMountOptions is the set of supported mount options for cgroupfs.
+var SupportedMountOptions = []string{"all", "cpu", "cpuacct", "cpuset", "memory"}
+
+// FilesystemType implements vfs.FilesystemType.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type FilesystemType struct{}
+
+// filesystem implements vfs.FilesystemImpl.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type filesystem struct {
+	kernfs.Filesystem
+	devMinor uint32
+
+	// hierarchyID is the id the cgroup registry assigns to this hierarchy. Has
+	// the value kernel.InvalidCgroupHierarchyID until the FS is fully
+	// initialized.
+	//
+	// hierarchyID is immutable after initialization.
+	hierarchyID uint32
+
+	// controllers and kcontrollers are both the list of controllers attached to
+	// this cgroupfs. Both lists are the same set of controllers, but typecast
+	// to different interfaces for convenience. Both must stay in sync, and are
+	// immutable.
+	controllers  []controller
+	kcontrollers []kernel.CgroupController
+
+	numCgroups uint64 // Protected by atomic ops.
+
+	root *kernfs.Dentry
+
+	// tasksMu serializes task membership changes across all cgroups within a
+	// filesystem.
+	tasksMu sync.Mutex `state:"nosave"`
+}
+
+// Name implements vfs.FilesystemType.Name.
+func (FilesystemType) Name() string {
+	return Name
+}
+
+// Release implements vfs.FilesystemType.Release.
+func (FilesystemType) Release(ctx context.Context) {}
+
+// GetFilesystem implements vfs.FilesystemType.GetFilesystem.
+func (fsType FilesystemType) GetFilesystem(ctx context.Context, vfsObj *vfs.VirtualFilesystem, creds *auth.Credentials, source string, opts vfs.GetFilesystemOptions) (*vfs.Filesystem, *vfs.Dentry, error) {
+	devMinor, err := vfsObj.GetAnonBlockDevMinor()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	mopts := vfs.GenericParseMountOptions(opts.Data)
+	maxCachedDentries := defaultMaxCachedDentries
+	if str, ok := mopts["dentry_cache_limit"]; ok {
+		delete(mopts, "dentry_cache_limit")
+		maxCachedDentries, err = strconv.ParseUint(str, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.Warningf("sys.FilesystemType.GetFilesystem: invalid dentry cache limit: dentry_cache_limit=%s", str)
+			return nil, nil, syserror.EINVAL
+		}
+	}
+
+	var wantControllers []kernel.CgroupControllerType
+	if _, ok := mopts["cpu"]; ok {
+		delete(mopts, "cpu")
+		wantControllers = append(wantControllers, controllerCPU)
+	}
+	if _, ok := mopts["cpuacct"]; ok {
+		delete(mopts, "cpuacct")
+		wantControllers = append(wantControllers, controllerCPUAcct)
+	}
+	if _, ok := mopts["cpuset"]; ok {
+		delete(mopts, "cpuset")
+		wantControllers = append(wantControllers, controllerCPUSet)
+	}
+	if _, ok := mopts["memory"]; ok {
+		delete(mopts, "memory")
+		wantControllers = append(wantControllers, controllerMemory)
+	}
+	if _, ok := mopts["all"]; ok {
+		if len(wantControllers) > 0 {
+			ctx.Debugf("cgroupfs.FilesystemType.GetFilesystem: other controllers specified with all: %v", wantControllers)
+			return nil, nil, syserror.EINVAL
+		}
+
+		delete(mopts, "all")
+		wantControllers = allControllers
+	}
+
+	if len(wantControllers) == 0 {
+		// Specifying no controllers implies all controllers.
+		wantControllers = allControllers
+	}
+
+	if len(mopts) != 0 {
+		ctx.Debugf("cgroupfs.FilesystemType.GetFilesystem: unknown options: %v", mopts)
+		return nil, nil, syserror.EINVAL
+	}
+
+	k := kernel.KernelFromContext(ctx)
+	r := k.CgroupRegistry()
+
+	// "It is not possible to mount the same controller against multiple
+	// cgroup hierarchies. For example, it is not possible to mount both
+	// the cpu and cpuacct controllers against one hierarchy, and to mount
+	// the cpu controller alone against another hierarchy." - man cgroups(7)
+	//
+	// Is there a hierarchy available with all the controllers we want? If so,
+	// this mount is a view into the same hierarchy.
+	//
+	// Note: we're guaranteed to have at least one requested controller, since
+	// no explicit controller name implies all controllers.
+	if vfsfs := r.FindHierarchy(wantControllers); vfsfs != nil {
+		fs := vfsfs.Impl().(*filesystem)
+		ctx.Debugf("cgroupfs.FilesystemType.GetFilesystem: mounting new view to hierarchy %v", fs.hierarchyID)
+		fs.root.IncRef()
+		return vfsfs, fs.root.VFSDentry(), nil
+	}
+
+	// No existing hierarchy with the exactly controllers found. Make a new
+	// one. Note that it's possible this mount creation is unsatisfiable, if one
+	// or more of the requested controllers are already on existing
+	// hierarchies. We'll find out about such collisions when we try to register
+	// the new hierarchy later.
+	fs := &filesystem{
+		devMinor: devMinor,
+	}
+	fs.MaxCachedDentries = maxCachedDentries
+	fs.VFSFilesystem().Init(vfsObj, &fsType, fs)
+
+	for _, ty := range wantControllers {
+		var c controller
+		switch ty {
+		case controllerMemory:
+			c = newMemoryController(fs)
+		case controllerCPU:
+			c = newCPUController(fs)
+		case controllerCPUAcct:
+			c = newCPUAcctController(fs)
+		case controllerCPUSet:
+			c = newCPUSetController(fs)
+		default:
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unreachable: unknown cgroup controller %q", ty))
+		}
+		fs.controllers = append(fs.controllers, c)
+	}
+
+	// Controllers usually appear in alphabetical order when displayed. Sort it
+	// here now, so it never needs to be sorted elsewhere.
+	sort.Slice(fs.controllers, func(i, j int) bool { return fs.controllers[i].Type() < fs.controllers[j].Type() })
+	fs.kcontrollers = make([]kernel.CgroupController, 0, len(fs.controllers))
+	for _, c := range fs.controllers {
+		fs.kcontrollers = append(fs.kcontrollers, c)
+	}
+
+	root := fs.newCgroupInode(ctx, creds)
+	var rootD kernfs.Dentry
+	rootD.InitRoot(&fs.Filesystem, root)
+	fs.root = &rootD
+
+	// Register controllers. The registry may be modified concurrently, so if we
+	// get an error, we raced with someone else who registered the same
+	// controllers first.
+	hid, err := r.Register(fs.kcontrollers)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.Infof("cgroupfs.FilesystemType.GetFilesystem: failed to register new hierarchy with controllers %v: %v", wantControllers, err)
+		rootD.DecRef(ctx)
+		fs.VFSFilesystem().DecRef(ctx)
+		return nil, nil, syserror.EBUSY
+	}
+	fs.hierarchyID = hid
+
+	// Move all existing tasks to the root of the new hierarchy.
+	k.PopulateNewCgroupHierarchy(fs.rootCgroup())
+
+	return fs.VFSFilesystem(), rootD.VFSDentry(), nil
+}
+
+func (fs *filesystem) rootCgroup() kernel.Cgroup {
+	return kernel.Cgroup{
+		Dentry:     fs.root,
+		CgroupImpl: fs.root.Inode().(kernel.CgroupImpl),
+	}
+}
+
+// Release implements vfs.FilesystemImpl.Release.
+func (fs *filesystem) Release(ctx context.Context) {
+	k := kernel.KernelFromContext(ctx)
+	r := k.CgroupRegistry()
+
+	if fs.hierarchyID != kernel.InvalidCgroupHierarchyID {
+		k.ReleaseCgroupHierarchy(fs.hierarchyID)
+		r.Unregister(fs.hierarchyID)
+	}
+
+	fs.Filesystem.VFSFilesystem().VirtualFilesystem().PutAnonBlockDevMinor(fs.devMinor)
+	fs.Filesystem.Release(ctx)
+}
+
+// MountOptions implements vfs.FilesystemImpl.MountOptions.
+func (fs *filesystem) MountOptions() string {
+	var cnames []string
+	for _, c := range fs.controllers {
+		cnames = append(cnames, string(c.Type()))
+	}
+	return strings.Join(cnames, ",")
+}
+
+// +stateify savable
+type implStatFS struct{}
+
+// StatFS implements kernfs.Inode.StatFS.
+func (*implStatFS) StatFS(context.Context, *vfs.Filesystem) (linux.Statfs, error) {
+	return vfs.GenericStatFS(linux.CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC), nil
+}
+
+// dir implements kernfs.Inode for a generic cgroup resource controller
+// directory. Specific controllers extend this to add their own functionality.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type dir struct {
+	dirRefs
+	kernfs.InodeAlwaysValid
+	kernfs.InodeAttrs
+	kernfs.InodeNotSymlink
+	kernfs.InodeDirectoryNoNewChildren // TODO(b/183137098): Implement mkdir.
+	kernfs.OrderedChildren
+	implStatFS
+
+	locks vfs.FileLocks
+}
+
+// Keep implements kernfs.Inode.Keep.
+func (*dir) Keep() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+// SetStat implements kernfs.Inode.SetStat not allowing inode attributes to be changed.
+func (*dir) SetStat(context.Context, *vfs.Filesystem, *auth.Credentials, vfs.SetStatOptions) error {
+	return syserror.EPERM
+}
+
+// Open implements kernfs.Inode.Open.
+func (d *dir) Open(ctx context.Context, rp *vfs.ResolvingPath, kd *kernfs.Dentry, opts vfs.OpenOptions) (*vfs.FileDescription, error) {
+	fd, err := kernfs.NewGenericDirectoryFD(rp.Mount(), kd, &d.OrderedChildren, &d.locks, &opts, kernfs.GenericDirectoryFDOptions{
+		SeekEnd: kernfs.SeekEndStaticEntries,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return fd.VFSFileDescription(), nil
+}
+
+// DecRef implements kernfs.Inode.DecRef.
+func (d *dir) DecRef(ctx context.Context) {
+	d.dirRefs.DecRef(func() { d.Destroy(ctx) })
+}
+
+// StatFS implements kernfs.Inode.StatFS.
+func (d *dir) StatFS(ctx context.Context, fs *vfs.Filesystem) (linux.Statfs, error) {
+	return vfs.GenericStatFS(linux.CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC), nil
+}
+
+// controllerFile represents a generic control file that appears within a cgroup
+// directory.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type controllerFile struct {
+	kernfs.DynamicBytesFile
+}
+
+func (fs *filesystem) newControllerFile(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, data vfs.DynamicBytesSource) kernfs.Inode {
+	f := &controllerFile{}
+	f.Init(ctx, creds, linux.UNNAMED_MAJOR, fs.devMinor, fs.NextIno(), data, readonlyFileMode)
+	return f
+}
+
+func (fs *filesystem) newControllerWritableFile(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, data vfs.WritableDynamicBytesSource) kernfs.Inode {
+	f := &controllerFile{}
+	f.Init(ctx, creds, linux.UNNAMED_MAJOR, fs.devMinor, fs.NextIno(), data, writableFileMode)
+	return f
+}
+
+// staticControllerFile represents a generic control file that appears within a
+// cgroup directory which always returns the same data when read.
+// staticControllerFiles are not writable.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type staticControllerFile struct {
+	kernfs.DynamicBytesFile
+	vfs.StaticData
+}
+
+// Note: We let the caller provide the mode so that static files may be used to
+// fake both readable and writable control files. However, static files are
+// effectively readonly, as attempting to write to them will return EIO
+// regardless of the mode.
+func (fs *filesystem) newStaticControllerFile(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, mode linux.FileMode, data string) kernfs.Inode {
+	f := &staticControllerFile{StaticData: vfs.StaticData{Data: data}}
+	f.Init(ctx, creds, linux.UNNAMED_MAJOR, fs.devMinor, fs.NextIno(), f, mode)
+	return f
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpu.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpu.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4641d613c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpu.go
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cgroupfs
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/abi/linux"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+)
+
+// +stateify savable
+type cpuController struct {
+	controllerCommon
+
+	// CFS bandwidth control parameters, values in microseconds.
+	cfsPeriod uint64
+	cfsQuota  int64
+
+	// CPU shares, values should be (num core * 1024).
+	shares uint64
+}
+
+var _ controller = (*cpuController)(nil)
+
+func newCPUController(fs *filesystem) *cpuController {
+	// Default values for controller parameters from Linux.
+	c := &cpuController{
+		cfsPeriod: 100000,
+		cfsQuota:  -1,
+		shares:    1024,
+	}
+	c.controllerCommon.init(controllerCPU, fs)
+	return c
+}
+
+// AddControlFiles implements controller.AddControlFiles.
+func (c *cpuController) AddControlFiles(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, _ *cgroupInode, contents map[string]kernfs.Inode) {
+	contents["cpu.cfs_period_us"] = c.fs.newStaticControllerFile(ctx, creds, linux.FileMode(0644), fmt.Sprintf("%d\n", c.cfsPeriod))
+	contents["cpu.cfs_quota_us"] = c.fs.newStaticControllerFile(ctx, creds, linux.FileMode(0644), fmt.Sprintf("%d\n", c.cfsQuota))
+	contents["cpu.shares"] = c.fs.newStaticControllerFile(ctx, creds, linux.FileMode(0644), fmt.Sprintf("%d\n", c.shares))
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpuacct.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpuacct.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0bb7f5c76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpuacct.go
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cgroupfs
+
+import (
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+)
+
+// +stateify savable
+type cpuacctController struct {
+	controllerCommon
+}
+
+var _ controller = (*cpuacctController)(nil)
+
+func newCPUAcctController(fs *filesystem) *cpuacctController {
+	c := &cpuacctController{}
+	c.controllerCommon.init(controllerCPUAcct, fs)
+	return c
+}
+
+// AddControlFiles implements controller.AddControlFiles.
+func (c *cpuacctController) AddControlFiles(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, _ *cgroupInode, contents map[string]kernfs.Inode) {
+	// This controller is currently intentionally empty.
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpuset.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpuset.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac547f8e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/cpuset.go
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cgroupfs
+
+import (
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+)
+
+// +stateify savable
+type cpusetController struct {
+	controllerCommon
+}
+
+var _ controller = (*cpusetController)(nil)
+
+func newCPUSetController(fs *filesystem) *cpusetController {
+	c := &cpusetController{}
+	c.controllerCommon.init(controllerCPUSet, fs)
+	return c
+}
+
+// AddControlFiles implements controller.AddControlFiles.
+func (c *cpusetController) AddControlFiles(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, _ *cgroupInode, contents map[string]kernfs.Inode) {
+	// This controller is currently intentionally empty.
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/memory.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/memory.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eaf40a753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/cgroupfs/memory.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cgroupfs
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/usage"
+)
+
+// +stateify savable
+type memoryController struct {
+	controllerCommon
+}
+
+var _ controller = (*memoryController)(nil)
+
+func newMemoryController(fs *filesystem) *memoryController {
+	c := &memoryController{}
+	c.controllerCommon.init(controllerMemory, fs)
+	return c
+}
+
+// AddControlFiles implements controller.AddControlFiles.
+func (c *memoryController) AddControlFiles(ctx context.Context, creds *auth.Credentials, _ *cgroupInode, contents map[string]kernfs.Inode) {
+	contents["memory.usage_in_bytes"] = c.fs.newControllerFile(ctx, creds, &memoryUsageInBytesData{})
+}
+
+// +stateify savable
+type memoryUsageInBytesData struct{}
+
+// Generate implements vfs.DynamicBytesSource.Generate.
+func (d *memoryUsageInBytesData) Generate(ctx context.Context, buf *bytes.Buffer) error {
+	// TODO(b/183151557): This is a giant hack, we're using system-wide
+	// accounting since we know there is only one cgroup.
+	k := kernel.KernelFromContext(ctx)
+	mf := k.MemoryFile()
+	mf.UpdateUsage()
+	_, totalBytes := usage.MemoryAccounting.Copy()
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%d\n", totalBytes)
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/dynamic_bytes_file.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/dynamic_bytes_file.go
index 65054b0ea..84b1c3745 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/dynamic_bytes_file.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/dynamic_bytes_file.go
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 )
 
-// DynamicBytesFile implements kernfs.Inode and represents a read-only
-// file whose contents are backed by a vfs.DynamicBytesSource.
+// DynamicBytesFile implements kernfs.Inode and represents a read-only file
+// whose contents are backed by a vfs.DynamicBytesSource. If data additionally
+// implements vfs.WritableDynamicBytesSource, the file also supports dispatching
+// writes to the implementer, but note that this will not update the source data.
 //
 // Must be instantiated with NewDynamicBytesFile or initialized with Init
 // before first use.
@@ -40,7 +42,9 @@ type DynamicBytesFile struct {
 	InodeNotSymlink
 
 	locks vfs.FileLocks
-	data  vfs.DynamicBytesSource
+	// data can additionally implement vfs.WritableDynamicBytesSource to support
+	// writes.
+	data vfs.DynamicBytesSource
 }
 
 var _ Inode = (*DynamicBytesFile)(nil)
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/kernfs.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/kernfs.go
index 565d723f0..16486eeae 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/kernfs.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs/kernfs.go
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ import (
 
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/abi/linux"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/fspath"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/refsvfs2"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/kernel/auth"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/vfs"
@@ -508,6 +509,15 @@ func (d *Dentry) Inode() Inode {
 	return d.inode
 }
 
+// FSLocalPath returns an absolute path to d, relative to the root of its
+// filesystem.
+func (d *Dentry) FSLocalPath() string {
+	var b fspath.Builder
+	_ = genericPrependPath(vfs.VirtualDentry{}, nil, d, &b)
+	b.PrependByte('/')
+	return b.String()
+}
+
 // The Inode interface maps filesystem-level operations that operate on paths to
 // equivalent operations on specific filesystem nodes.
 //
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/filesystem.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/filesystem.go
index 254a8b062..ce8f55b1f 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/filesystem.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/filesystem.go
@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ func (ft FilesystemType) GetFilesystem(ctx context.Context, vfsObj *vfs.VirtualF
 	procfs.MaxCachedDentries = maxCachedDentries
 	procfs.VFSFilesystem().Init(vfsObj, &ft, procfs)
 
-	var cgroups map[string]string
+	var fakeCgroupControllers map[string]string
 	if opts.InternalData != nil {
 		data := opts.InternalData.(*InternalData)
-		cgroups = data.Cgroups
+		fakeCgroupControllers = data.Cgroups
 	}
 
-	inode := procfs.newTasksInode(ctx, k, pidns, cgroups)
+	inode := procfs.newTasksInode(ctx, k, pidns, fakeCgroupControllers)
 	var dentry kernfs.Dentry
 	dentry.InitRoot(&procfs.Filesystem, inode)
 	return procfs.VFSFilesystem(), dentry.VFSDentry(), nil
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task.go
index fea138f93..d05cc1508 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ type taskInode struct {
 
 var _ kernfs.Inode = (*taskInode)(nil)
 
-func (fs *filesystem) newTaskInode(ctx context.Context, task *kernel.Task, pidns *kernel.PIDNamespace, isThreadGroup bool, cgroupControllers map[string]string) (kernfs.Inode, error) {
+func (fs *filesystem) newTaskInode(ctx context.Context, task *kernel.Task, pidns *kernel.PIDNamespace, isThreadGroup bool, fakeCgroupControllers map[string]string) (kernfs.Inode, error) {
 	if task.ExitState() == kernel.TaskExitDead {
 		return nil, syserror.ESRCH
 	}
@@ -82,10 +82,12 @@ func (fs *filesystem) newTaskInode(ctx context.Context, task *kernel.Task, pidns
 		"uid_map":       fs.newTaskOwnedInode(ctx, task, fs.NextIno(), 0644, &idMapData{task: task, gids: false}),
 	}
 	if isThreadGroup {
-		contents["task"] = fs.newSubtasks(ctx, task, pidns, cgroupControllers)
+		contents["task"] = fs.newSubtasks(ctx, task, pidns, fakeCgroupControllers)
 	}
-	if len(cgroupControllers) > 0 {
-		contents["cgroup"] = fs.newTaskOwnedInode(ctx, task, fs.NextIno(), 0444, newCgroupData(cgroupControllers))
+	if len(fakeCgroupControllers) > 0 {
+		contents["cgroup"] = fs.newTaskOwnedInode(ctx, task, fs.NextIno(), 0444, newFakeCgroupData(fakeCgroupControllers))
+	} else {
+		contents["cgroup"] = fs.newTaskOwnedInode(ctx, task, fs.NextIno(), 0444, &taskCgroupData{task: task})
 	}
 
 	taskInode := &taskInode{task: task}
@@ -226,11 +228,14 @@ func newIO(t *kernel.Task, isThreadGroup bool) *ioData {
 	return &ioData{ioUsage: t}
 }
 
-// newCgroupData creates inode that shows cgroup information.
-// From man 7 cgroups: "For each cgroup hierarchy of which the process is a
-// member, there is one entry containing three colon-separated fields:
-//   hierarchy-ID:controller-list:cgroup-path"
-func newCgroupData(controllers map[string]string) dynamicInode {
+// newFakeCgroupData creates an inode that shows fake cgroup
+// information passed in as mount options.  From man 7 cgroups: "For
+// each cgroup hierarchy of which the process is a member, there is
+// one entry containing three colon-separated fields:
+// hierarchy-ID:controller-list:cgroup-path"
+//
+// TODO(b/182488796): Remove once all users adopt cgroupfs.
+func newFakeCgroupData(controllers map[string]string) dynamicInode {
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 
 	// The hierarchy ids must be positive integers (for cgroup v1), but the
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task_files.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task_files.go
index 85909d551..b294dfd6a 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task_files.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/task_files.go
@@ -1100,3 +1100,32 @@ func (fd *namespaceFD) SetStat(ctx context.Context, opts vfs.SetStatOptions) err
 func (fd *namespaceFD) Release(ctx context.Context) {
 	fd.inode.DecRef(ctx)
 }
+
+// taskCgroupData generates data for /proc/[pid]/cgroup.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type taskCgroupData struct {
+	dynamicBytesFileSetAttr
+	task *kernel.Task
+}
+
+var _ dynamicInode = (*taskCgroupData)(nil)
+
+// Generate implements vfs.DynamicBytesSource.Generate.
+func (d *taskCgroupData) Generate(ctx context.Context, buf *bytes.Buffer) error {
+	// When a task is existing on Linux, a task's cgroup set is cleared and
+	// reset to the initial cgroup set, which is essentially the set of root
+	// cgroups. Because of this, the /proc/<pid>/cgroup file is always readable
+	// on Linux throughout a task's lifetime.
+	//
+	// The sentry removes tasks from cgroups during the exit process, but
+	// doesn't move them into an initial cgroup set, so partway through task
+	// exit this file show a task is in no cgroups, which is incorrect. Instead,
+	// once a task has left its cgroups, we return an error.
+	if d.task.ExitState() >= kernel.TaskExitInitiated {
+		return syserror.ESRCH
+	}
+
+	d.task.GenerateProcTaskCgroup(buf)
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks.go
index fdc580610..7c7543f14 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks.go
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ type tasksInode struct {
 	// '/proc/self' and '/proc/thread-self' have custom directory offsets in
 	// Linux. So handle them outside of OrderedChildren.
 
-	// cgroupControllers is a map of controller name to directory in the
+	// fakeCgroupControllers is a map of controller name to directory in the
 	// cgroup hierarchy. These controllers are immutable and will be listed
 	// in /proc/pid/cgroup if not nil.
-	cgroupControllers map[string]string
+	fakeCgroupControllers map[string]string
 }
 
 var _ kernfs.Inode = (*tasksInode)(nil)
 
-func (fs *filesystem) newTasksInode(ctx context.Context, k *kernel.Kernel, pidns *kernel.PIDNamespace, cgroupControllers map[string]string) *tasksInode {
+func (fs *filesystem) newTasksInode(ctx context.Context, k *kernel.Kernel, pidns *kernel.PIDNamespace, fakeCgroupControllers map[string]string) *tasksInode {
 	root := auth.NewRootCredentials(pidns.UserNamespace())
 	contents := map[string]kernfs.Inode{
 		"cpuinfo":     fs.newInode(ctx, root, 0444, newStaticFileSetStat(cpuInfoData(k))),
@@ -76,11 +76,16 @@ func (fs *filesystem) newTasksInode(ctx context.Context, k *kernel.Kernel, pidns
 		"uptime":      fs.newInode(ctx, root, 0444, &uptimeData{}),
 		"version":     fs.newInode(ctx, root, 0444, &versionData{}),
 	}
+	// If fakeCgroupControllers are provided, don't create a cgroupfs backed
+	// /proc/cgroup as it will not match the fake controllers.
+	if len(fakeCgroupControllers) == 0 {
+		contents["cgroups"] = fs.newInode(ctx, root, 0444, &cgroupsData{})
+	}
 
 	inode := &tasksInode{
-		pidns:             pidns,
-		fs:                fs,
-		cgroupControllers: cgroupControllers,
+		pidns:                 pidns,
+		fs:                    fs,
+		fakeCgroupControllers: fakeCgroupControllers,
 	}
 	inode.InodeAttrs.Init(ctx, root, linux.UNNAMED_MAJOR, fs.devMinor, fs.NextIno(), linux.ModeDirectory|0555)
 	inode.InitRefs()
@@ -118,7 +123,7 @@ func (i *tasksInode) Lookup(ctx context.Context, name string) (kernfs.Inode, err
 		return nil, syserror.ENOENT
 	}
 
-	return i.fs.newTaskInode(ctx, task, i.pidns, true, i.cgroupControllers)
+	return i.fs.newTaskInode(ctx, task, i.pidns, true, i.fakeCgroupControllers)
 }
 
 // IterDirents implements kernfs.inodeDirectory.IterDirents.
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks_files.go b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks_files.go
index f0029cda6..e1a8b4409 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks_files.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/proc/tasks_files.go
@@ -384,3 +384,19 @@ func (d *filesystemsData) Generate(ctx context.Context, buf *bytes.Buffer) error
 	k.VFS().GenerateProcFilesystems(buf)
 	return nil
 }
+
+// cgroupsData backs /proc/cgroups.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type cgroupsData struct {
+	dynamicBytesFileSetAttr
+}
+
+var _ dynamicInode = (*cgroupsData)(nil)
+
+// Generate implements vfs.DynamicBytesSource.Generate.
+func (*cgroupsData) Generate(ctx context.Context, buf *bytes.Buffer) error {
+	r := kernel.KernelFromContext(ctx).CgroupRegistry()
+	r.GenerateProcCgroups(buf)
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/kernel/BUILD
index e9eb89378..a1ec6daab 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/BUILD
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ go_library(
     srcs = [
         "abstract_socket_namespace.go",
         "aio.go",
+        "cgroup.go",
         "context.go",
         "fd_table.go",
         "fd_table_refs.go",
@@ -178,6 +179,7 @@ go_library(
         "task.go",
         "task_acct.go",
         "task_block.go",
+        "task_cgroup.go",
         "task_clone.go",
         "task_context.go",
         "task_exec.go",
@@ -241,6 +243,7 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/sentry/fs/lock",
         "//pkg/sentry/fs/timerfd",
         "//pkg/sentry/fsbridge",
+        "//pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs",
         "//pkg/sentry/fsimpl/pipefs",
         "//pkg/sentry/fsimpl/sockfs",
         "//pkg/sentry/fsimpl/timerfd",
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/cgroup.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/cgroup.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1f1c63f37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/cgroup.go
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package kernel
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/context"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/fsimpl/kernfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sentry/vfs"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/sync"
+)
+
+// InvalidCgroupHierarchyID indicates an uninitialized hierarchy ID.
+const InvalidCgroupHierarchyID uint32 = 0
+
+// CgroupControllerType is the name of a cgroup controller.
+type CgroupControllerType string
+
+// CgroupController is the common interface to cgroup controllers available to
+// the entire sentry. The controllers themselves are defined by cgroupfs.
+//
+// Callers of this interface are often unable access synchronization needed to
+// ensure returned values remain valid. Some of values returned from this
+// interface are thus snapshots in time, and may become stale. This is ok for
+// many callers like procfs.
+type CgroupController interface {
+	// Returns the type of this cgroup controller (ex "memory", "cpu"). Returned
+	// value is valid for the lifetime of the controller.
+	Type() CgroupControllerType
+
+	// Hierarchy returns the ID of the hierarchy this cgroup controller is
+	// attached to. Returned value is valid for the lifetime of the controller.
+	HierarchyID() uint32
+
+	// Filesystem returns the filesystem this controller is attached to.
+	// Returned value is valid for the lifetime of the controller.
+	Filesystem() *vfs.Filesystem
+
+	// RootCgroup returns the root cgroup for this controller. Returned value is
+	// valid for the lifetime of the controller.
+	RootCgroup() Cgroup
+
+	// NumCgroups returns the number of cgroups managed by this controller.
+	// Returned value is a snapshot in time.
+	NumCgroups() uint64
+
+	// Enabled returns whether this controller is enabled. Returned value is a
+	// snapshot in time.
+	Enabled() bool
+}
+
+// Cgroup represents a named pointer to a cgroup in cgroupfs. When a task enters
+// a cgroup, it holds a reference on the underlying dentry pointing to the
+// cgroup.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type Cgroup struct {
+	*kernfs.Dentry
+	CgroupImpl
+}
+
+func (c *Cgroup) decRef() {
+	c.Dentry.DecRef(context.Background())
+}
+
+// Path returns the absolute path of c, relative to its hierarchy root.
+func (c *Cgroup) Path() string {
+	return c.FSLocalPath()
+}
+
+// HierarchyID returns the id of the hierarchy that contains this cgroup.
+func (c *Cgroup) HierarchyID() uint32 {
+	// Note: a cgroup is guaranteed to have at least one controller.
+	return c.Controllers()[0].HierarchyID()
+}
+
+// CgroupImpl is the common interface to cgroups.
+type CgroupImpl interface {
+	Controllers() []CgroupController
+	Enter(t *Task)
+	Leave(t *Task)
+}
+
+// hierarchy represents a cgroupfs filesystem instance, with a unique set of
+// controllers attached to it. Multiple cgroupfs mounts may reference the same
+// hierarchy.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type hierarchy struct {
+	id uint32
+	// These are a subset of the controllers in CgroupRegistry.controllers,
+	// grouped here by hierarchy for conveninent lookup.
+	controllers map[CgroupControllerType]CgroupController
+	// fs is not owned by hierarchy. The FS is responsible for unregistering the
+	// hierarchy on destruction, which removes this association.
+	fs *vfs.Filesystem
+}
+
+func (h *hierarchy) match(ctypes []CgroupControllerType) bool {
+	if len(ctypes) != len(h.controllers) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, ty := range ctypes {
+		if _, ok := h.controllers[ty]; !ok {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// CgroupRegistry tracks the active set of cgroup controllers on the system.
+//
+// +stateify savable
+type CgroupRegistry struct {
+	// lastHierarchyID is the id of the last allocated cgroup hierarchy. Valid
+	// ids are from 1 to math.MaxUint32. Must be accessed through atomic ops.
+	//
+	lastHierarchyID uint32
+
+	mu sync.Mutex `state:"nosave"`
+
+	// controllers is the set of currently known cgroup controllers on the
+	// system. Protected by mu.
+	//
+	// +checklocks:mu
+	controllers map[CgroupControllerType]CgroupController
+
+	// hierarchies is the active set of cgroup hierarchies. Protected by mu.
+	//
+	// +checklocks:mu
+	hierarchies map[uint32]hierarchy
+}
+
+func newCgroupRegistry() *CgroupRegistry {
+	return &CgroupRegistry{
+		controllers: make(map[CgroupControllerType]CgroupController),
+		hierarchies: make(map[uint32]hierarchy),
+	}
+}
+
+// nextHierarchyID returns a newly allocated, unique hierarchy ID.
+func (r *CgroupRegistry) nextHierarchyID() (uint32, error) {
+	if hid := atomic.AddUint32(&r.lastHierarchyID, 1); hid != 0 {
+		return hid, nil
+	}
+	return InvalidCgroupHierarchyID, fmt.Errorf("cgroup hierarchy ID overflow")
+}
+
+// FindHierarchy returns a cgroup filesystem containing exactly the set of
+// controllers named in names. If no such FS is found, FindHierarchy return
+// nil. FindHierarchy takes a reference on the returned FS, which is transferred
+// to the caller.
+func (r *CgroupRegistry) FindHierarchy(ctypes []CgroupControllerType) *vfs.Filesystem {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, h := range r.hierarchies {
+		if h.match(ctypes) {
+			h.fs.IncRef()
+			return h.fs
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Register registers the provided set of controllers with the registry as a new
+// hierarchy. If any controller is already registered, the function returns an
+// error without modifying the registry. The hierarchy can be later referenced
+// by the returned id.
+func (r *CgroupRegistry) Register(cs []CgroupController) (uint32, error) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if len(cs) == 0 {
+		return InvalidCgroupHierarchyID, fmt.Errorf("can't register hierarchy with no controllers")
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range cs {
+		if _, ok := r.controllers[c.Type()]; ok {
+			return InvalidCgroupHierarchyID, fmt.Errorf("controllers may only be mounted on a single hierarchy")
+		}
+	}
+
+	hid, err := r.nextHierarchyID()
+	if err != nil {
+		return hid, err
+	}
+
+	h := hierarchy{
+		id:          hid,
+		controllers: make(map[CgroupControllerType]CgroupController),
+		fs:          cs[0].Filesystem(),
+	}
+	for _, c := range cs {
+		n := c.Type()
+		r.controllers[n] = c
+		h.controllers[n] = c
+	}
+	r.hierarchies[hid] = h
+	return hid, nil
+}
+
+// Unregister removes a previously registered hierarchy from the registry. If
+// the controller was not previously registered, Unregister is a no-op.
+func (r *CgroupRegistry) Unregister(hid uint32) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if h, ok := r.hierarchies[hid]; ok {
+		for name, _ := range h.controllers {
+			delete(r.controllers, name)
+		}
+		delete(r.hierarchies, hid)
+	}
+}
+
+// computeInitialGroups takes a reference on each of the returned cgroups. The
+// caller takes ownership of this returned reference.
+func (r *CgroupRegistry) computeInitialGroups(inherit map[Cgroup]struct{}) map[Cgroup]struct{} {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	ctlSet := make(map[CgroupControllerType]CgroupController)
+	cgset := make(map[Cgroup]struct{})
+
+	// Remember controllers from the inherited cgroups set...
+	for cg, _ := range inherit {
+		cg.IncRef() // Ref transferred to caller.
+		for _, ctl := range cg.Controllers() {
+			ctlSet[ctl.Type()] = ctl
+			cgset[cg] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ... and add the root cgroups of all the missing controllers.
+	for name, ctl := range r.controllers {
+		if _, ok := ctlSet[name]; !ok {
+			cg := ctl.RootCgroup()
+			cg.IncRef() // Ref transferred to caller.
+			cgset[cg] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	return cgset
+}
+
+// GenerateProcCgroups writes the contents of /proc/cgroups to buf.
+func (r *CgroupRegistry) GenerateProcCgroups(buf *bytes.Buffer) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	entries := make([]string, 0, len(r.controllers))
+	for _, c := range r.controllers {
+		en := 0
+		if c.Enabled() {
+			en = 1
+		}
+		entries = append(entries, fmt.Sprintf("%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\n", c.Type(), c.HierarchyID(), c.NumCgroups(), en))
+	}
+	r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sort.Strings(entries)
+	fmt.Fprint(buf, "#subsys_name\thierarchy\tnum_cgroups\tenabled\n")
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		fmt.Fprint(buf, e)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go
index 43065b45a..9a4fd64cb 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/kernel.go
@@ -294,6 +294,11 @@ type Kernel struct {
 
 	// YAMAPtraceScope is the current level of YAMA ptrace restrictions.
 	YAMAPtraceScope int32
+
+	// cgroupRegistry contains the set of active cgroup controllers on the
+	// system. It is controller by cgroupfs. Nil if cgroupfs is unavailable on
+	// the system.
+	cgroupRegistry *CgroupRegistry
 }
 
 // InitKernelArgs holds arguments to Init.
@@ -438,6 +443,8 @@ func (k *Kernel) Init(args InitKernelArgs) error {
 		k.socketMount = socketMount
 
 		k.socketsVFS2 = make(map[*vfs.FileDescription]*SocketRecord)
+
+		k.cgroupRegistry = newCgroupRegistry()
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -1815,6 +1822,11 @@ func (k *Kernel) SocketMount() *vfs.Mount {
 	return k.socketMount
 }
 
+// CgroupRegistry returns the cgroup registry.
+func (k *Kernel) CgroupRegistry() *CgroupRegistry {
+	return k.cgroupRegistry
+}
+
 // Release releases resources owned by k.
 //
 // Precondition: This should only be called after the kernel is fully
@@ -1831,3 +1843,43 @@ func (k *Kernel) Release() {
 	k.timekeeper.Destroy()
 	k.vdso.Release(ctx)
 }
+
+// PopulateNewCgroupHierarchy moves all tasks into a newly created cgroup
+// hierarchy.
+//
+// Precondition: root must be a new cgroup with no tasks. This implies the
+// controllers for root are also new and currently manage no task, which in turn
+// implies the new cgroup can be populated without migrating tasks between
+// cgroups.
+func (k *Kernel) PopulateNewCgroupHierarchy(root Cgroup) {
+	k.tasks.mu.RLock()
+	k.tasks.forEachTaskLocked(func(t *Task) {
+		if t.ExitState() != TaskExitNone {
+			return
+		}
+		t.mu.Lock()
+		t.enterCgroupLocked(root)
+		t.mu.Unlock()
+	})
+	k.tasks.mu.RUnlock()
+}
+
+// ReleaseCgroupHierarchy moves all tasks out of all cgroups belonging to the
+// hierarchy with the provided id.  This is intended for use during hierarchy
+// teardown, as otherwise the tasks would be orphaned w.r.t to some controllers.
+func (k *Kernel) ReleaseCgroupHierarchy(hid uint32) {
+	k.tasks.mu.RLock()
+	k.tasks.forEachTaskLocked(func(t *Task) {
+		if t.ExitState() != TaskExitNone {
+			return
+		}
+		t.mu.Lock()
+		for cg, _ := range t.cgroups {
+			if cg.HierarchyID() == hid {
+				t.leaveCgroupLocked(cg)
+			}
+		}
+		t.mu.Unlock()
+	})
+	k.tasks.mu.RUnlock()
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task.go
index 399985039..be1371855 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task.go
@@ -587,6 +587,12 @@ type Task struct {
 	//
 	// kcov is exclusive to the task goroutine.
 	kcov *Kcov
+
+	// cgroups is the set of cgroups this task belongs to. This may be empty if
+	// no cgroup controllers are enabled. Protected by mu.
+	//
+	// +checklocks:mu
+	cgroups map[Cgroup]struct{}
 }
 
 func (t *Task) savePtraceTracer() *Task {
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_cgroup.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_cgroup.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..25d2504fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_cgroup.go
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The gVisor Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package kernel
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/log"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserror"
+)
+
+// EnterInitialCgroups moves t into an initial set of cgroups.
+//
+// Precondition: t isn't in any cgroups yet, t.cgs is empty.
+//
+// +checklocksignore parent.mu is conditionally acquired.
+func (t *Task) EnterInitialCgroups(parent *Task) {
+	var inherit map[Cgroup]struct{}
+	if parent != nil {
+		parent.mu.Lock()
+		defer parent.mu.Unlock()
+		inherit = parent.cgroups
+	}
+	joinSet := t.k.cgroupRegistry.computeInitialGroups(inherit)
+
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+	// Transfer ownership of joinSet refs to the task's cgset.
+	t.cgroups = joinSet
+	for c, _ := range t.cgroups {
+		// Since t isn't in any cgroup yet, we can skip the check against
+		// existing cgroups.
+		c.Enter(t)
+	}
+}
+
+// EnterCgroup moves t into c.
+func (t *Task) EnterCgroup(c Cgroup) error {
+	newControllers := make(map[CgroupControllerType]struct{})
+	for _, ctl := range c.Controllers() {
+		newControllers[ctl.Type()] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for oldCG, _ := range t.cgroups {
+		for _, oldCtl := range oldCG.Controllers() {
+			if _, ok := newControllers[oldCtl.Type()]; ok {
+				// Already in a cgroup with the same controller as one of the
+				// new ones.  Requires migration between cgroups.
+				//
+				// TODO(b/183137098): Implement cgroup migration.
+				log.Warningf("Cgroup migration is not implemented")
+				return syserror.EBUSY
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// No migration required.
+	t.enterCgroupLocked(c)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// +checklocks:t.mu
+func (t *Task) enterCgroupLocked(c Cgroup) {
+	c.IncRef()
+	t.cgroups[c] = struct{}{}
+	c.Enter(t)
+}
+
+// LeaveCgroups removes t out from all its cgroups.
+func (t *Task) LeaveCgroups() {
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+	for c, _ := range t.cgroups {
+		t.leaveCgroupLocked(c)
+	}
+}
+
+// +checklocks:t.mu
+func (t *Task) leaveCgroupLocked(c Cgroup) {
+	c.Leave(t)
+	delete(t.cgroups, c)
+	c.decRef()
+}
+
+// taskCgroupEntry represents a line in /proc/<pid>/cgroup, and is used to
+// format a cgroup for display.
+type taskCgroupEntry struct {
+	hierarchyID uint32
+	controllers string
+	path        string
+}
+
+// GenerateProcTaskCgroup writes the contents of /proc/<pid>/cgroup for t to buf.
+func (t *Task) GenerateProcTaskCgroup(buf *bytes.Buffer) {
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+
+	cgEntries := make([]taskCgroupEntry, 0, len(t.cgroups))
+	for c, _ := range t.cgroups {
+		ctls := c.Controllers()
+		ctlNames := make([]string, 0, len(ctls))
+		for _, ctl := range ctls {
+			ctlNames = append(ctlNames, string(ctl.Type()))
+		}
+
+		cgEntries = append(cgEntries, taskCgroupEntry{
+			// Note: We're guaranteed to have at least one controller, and all
+			// controllers are guaranteed to be on the same hierarchy.
+			hierarchyID: ctls[0].HierarchyID(),
+			controllers: strings.Join(ctlNames, ","),
+			path:        c.Path(),
+		})
+	}
+
+	sort.Slice(cgEntries, func(i, j int) bool { return cgEntries[i].hierarchyID > cgEntries[j].hierarchyID })
+	for _, cgE := range cgEntries {
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%d:%s:%s\n", cgE.hierarchyID, cgE.controllers, cgE.path)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_exit.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_exit.go
index ad59e4f60..b1af1a7ef 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_exit.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_exit.go
@@ -275,6 +275,10 @@ func (*runExitMain) execute(t *Task) taskRunState {
 	t.fsContext.DecRef(t)
 	t.fdTable.DecRef(t)
 
+	// Detach task from all cgroups. This must happen before potentially the
+	// last ref to the cgroupfs mount is dropped below.
+	t.LeaveCgroups()
+
 	t.mu.Lock()
 	if t.mountNamespaceVFS2 != nil {
 		t.mountNamespaceVFS2.DecRef(t)
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_start.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_start.go
index fc18b6253..32031cd70 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_start.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/task_start.go
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ func (ts *TaskSet) newTask(cfg *TaskConfig) (*Task, error) {
 		rseqSignature:      cfg.RSeqSignature,
 		futexWaiter:        futex.NewWaiter(),
 		containerID:        cfg.ContainerID,
+		cgroups:            make(map[Cgroup]struct{}),
 	}
 	t.creds.Store(cfg.Credentials)
 	t.endStopCond.L = &t.tg.signalHandlers.mu
@@ -189,6 +190,10 @@ func (ts *TaskSet) newTask(cfg *TaskConfig) (*Task, error) {
 		t.parent.children[t] = struct{}{}
 	}
 
+	if VFS2Enabled {
+		t.EnterInitialCgroups(t.parent)
+	}
+
 	if tg.leader == nil {
 		// New thread group.
 		tg.leader = t
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/kernel/threads.go b/pkg/sentry/kernel/threads.go
index 09d070ec8..77ad62445 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/kernel/threads.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/kernel/threads.go
@@ -114,6 +114,15 @@ func (ts *TaskSet) forEachThreadGroupLocked(f func(tg *ThreadGroup)) {
 	}
 }
 
+// forEachTaskLocked applies f to each Task in ts.
+//
+// Preconditions: ts.mu must be locked (for reading or writing).
+func (ts *TaskSet) forEachTaskLocked(f func(t *Task)) {
+	for t := range ts.Root.tids {
+		f(t)
+	}
+}
+
 // A PIDNamespace represents a PID namespace, a bimap between thread IDs and
 // tasks. See the pid_namespaces(7) man page for further details.
 //
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/vfs/file_description_impl_util.go b/pkg/sentry/vfs/file_description_impl_util.go
index 1556b41a3..b87d9690a 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/vfs/file_description_impl_util.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/vfs/file_description_impl_util.go
@@ -252,6 +252,9 @@ type WritableDynamicBytesSource interface {
 // are backed by a bytes.Buffer that is regenerated when necessary, consistent
 // with Linux's fs/seq_file.c:single_open().
 //
+// If data additionally implements WritableDynamicBytesSource, writes are
+// dispatched to the implementer. The source data is not automatically modified.
+//
 // DynamicBytesFileDescriptionImpl.SetDataSource() must be called before first
 // use.
 //
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/vfs/mount.go b/pkg/sentry/vfs/mount.go
index 922f9e697..7cdab6945 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/vfs/mount.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/vfs/mount.go
@@ -970,17 +970,22 @@ func superBlockOpts(mountPath string, mnt *Mount) string {
 		opts += "," + mopts
 	}
 
-	// NOTE(b/147673608): If the mount is a cgroup, we also need to include
-	// the cgroup name in the options. For now we just read that from the
-	// path.
+	// NOTE(b/147673608): If the mount is a ramdisk-based fake cgroupfs, we also
+	// need to include the cgroup name in the options. For now we just read that
+	// from the path. Note that this is only possible when "cgroup" isn't
+	// registered as a valid filesystem type.
 	//
-	// TODO(gvisor.dev/issue/190): Once gVisor has full cgroup support, we
-	// should get this value from the cgroup itself, and not rely on the
-	// path.
+	// TODO(gvisor.dev/issue/190): Once we removed fake cgroupfs support, we
+	// should remove this.
+	if cgroupfs := mnt.vfs.getFilesystemType("cgroup"); cgroupfs != nil && cgroupfs.opts.AllowUserMount {
+		// Real cgroupfs available.
+		return opts
+	}
 	if mnt.fs.FilesystemType().Name() == "cgroup" {
 		splitPath := strings.Split(mountPath, "/")
 		cgroupType := splitPath[len(splitPath)-1]
 		opts += "," + cgroupType
 	}
+
 	return opts
 }