Marshallable socket opitons.

Socket option values are now required to implement marshal.Marshallable.

Co-authored-by: Rahat Mahmood <rahat@google.com>
PiperOrigin-RevId: 322831612

22 files changed, 427 insertions, 135 deletions

diff --git a/pkg/abi/linux/BUILD b/pkg/abi/linux/BUILD
index 2b789c4ec..a4bb62013 100644
--- a/pkg/abi/linux/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/abi/linux/BUILD
@@ -72,6 +72,9 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/abi",
         "//pkg/binary",
         "//pkg/bits",
+        "//pkg/usermem",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/primitive",
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/pkg/abi/linux/netfilter.go b/pkg/abi/linux/netfilter.go
index 46d8b0b42..a91f9f018 100644
--- a/pkg/abi/linux/netfilter.go
+++ b/pkg/abi/linux/netfilter.go
@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@
 
 package linux
 
+import (
+	"io"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
+)
+
 // This file contains structures required to support netfilter, specifically
 // the iptables tool.
 
@@ -76,6 +84,8 @@ const (
 
 // IPTEntry is an iptable rule. It corresponds to struct ipt_entry in
 // include/uapi/linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type IPTEntry struct {
 	// IP is used to filter packets based on the IP header.
 	IP IPTIP
@@ -112,21 +122,41 @@ type IPTEntry struct {
 // SizeOfIPTEntry is the size of an IPTEntry.
 const SizeOfIPTEntry = 112
 
-// KernelIPTEntry is identical to IPTEntry, but includes the Elems field. This
-// struct marshaled via the binary package to write an IPTEntry to userspace.
+// KernelIPTEntry is identical to IPTEntry, but includes the Elems field.
+// KernelIPTEntry itself is not Marshallable but it implements some methods of
+// marshal.Marshallable that help in other implementations of Marshallable.
 type KernelIPTEntry struct {
-	IPTEntry
+	Entry IPTEntry
 
 	// Elems holds the data for all this rule's matches followed by the
 	// target. It is variable length -- users have to iterate over any
 	// matches and use TargetOffset and NextOffset to make sense of the
 	// data.
-	Elems []byte
+	Elems primitive.ByteSlice
+}
+
+// SizeBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.SizeBytes.
+func (ke *KernelIPTEntry) SizeBytes() int {
+	return ke.Entry.SizeBytes() + ke.Elems.SizeBytes()
+}
+
+// MarshalBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.MarshalBytes.
+func (ke *KernelIPTEntry) MarshalBytes(dst []byte) {
+	ke.Entry.MarshalBytes(dst)
+	ke.Elems.MarshalBytes(dst[ke.Entry.SizeBytes():])
+}
+
+// UnmarshalBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.UnmarshalBytes.
+func (ke *KernelIPTEntry) UnmarshalBytes(src []byte) {
+	ke.Entry.UnmarshalBytes(src)
+	ke.Elems.UnmarshalBytes(src[ke.Entry.SizeBytes():])
 }
 
 // IPTIP contains information for matching a packet's IP header.
 // It corresponds to struct ipt_ip in
 // include/uapi/linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type IPTIP struct {
 	// Src is the source IP address.
 	Src InetAddr
@@ -189,6 +219,8 @@ const SizeOfIPTIP = 84
 
 // XTCounters holds packet and byte counts for a rule. It corresponds to struct
 // xt_counters in include/uapi/linux/netfilter/x_tables.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type XTCounters struct {
 	// Pcnt is the packet count.
 	Pcnt uint64
@@ -321,6 +353,8 @@ const SizeOfXTRedirectTarget = 56
 
 // IPTGetinfo is the argument for the IPT_SO_GET_INFO sockopt. It corresponds
 // to struct ipt_getinfo in include/uapi/linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type IPTGetinfo struct {
 	Name       TableName
 	ValidHooks uint32
@@ -336,6 +370,8 @@ const SizeOfIPTGetinfo = 84
 // IPTGetEntries is the argument for the IPT_SO_GET_ENTRIES sockopt. It
 // corresponds to struct ipt_get_entries in
 // include/uapi/linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type IPTGetEntries struct {
 	Name TableName
 	Size uint32
@@ -350,13 +386,103 @@ type IPTGetEntries struct {
 const SizeOfIPTGetEntries = 40
 
 // KernelIPTGetEntries is identical to IPTGetEntries, but includes the
-// Entrytable field. This struct marshaled via the binary package to write an
-// KernelIPTGetEntries to userspace.
+// Entrytable field. This has been manually made marshal.Marshallable since it
+// is dynamically sized.
 type KernelIPTGetEntries struct {
 	IPTGetEntries
 	Entrytable []KernelIPTEntry
 }
 
+// SizeBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.SizeBytes.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) SizeBytes() int {
+	res := ke.IPTGetEntries.SizeBytes()
+	for _, entry := range ke.Entrytable {
+		res += entry.SizeBytes()
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+// MarshalBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.MarshalBytes.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) MarshalBytes(dst []byte) {
+	ke.IPTGetEntries.MarshalBytes(dst)
+	marshalledUntil := ke.IPTGetEntries.SizeBytes()
+	for i := 0; i < len(ke.Entrytable); i++ {
+		ke.Entrytable[i].MarshalBytes(dst[marshalledUntil:])
+		marshalledUntil += ke.Entrytable[i].SizeBytes()
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.UnmarshalBytes.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) UnmarshalBytes(src []byte) {
+	ke.IPTGetEntries.UnmarshalBytes(src)
+	unmarshalledUntil := ke.IPTGetEntries.SizeBytes()
+	for i := 0; i < len(ke.Entrytable); i++ {
+		ke.Entrytable[i].UnmarshalBytes(src[unmarshalledUntil:])
+		unmarshalledUntil += ke.Entrytable[i].SizeBytes()
+	}
+}
+
+// Packed implements marshal.Marshallable.Packed.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) Packed() bool {
+	// KernelIPTGetEntries isn't packed because the ke.Entrytable contains an
+	// indirection to the actual data we want to marshal (the slice data
+	// pointer), and the memory for KernelIPTGetEntries contains the slice
+	// header which we don't want to marshal.
+	return false
+}
+
+// MarshalUnsafe implements marshal.Marshallable.MarshalUnsafe.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) MarshalUnsafe(dst []byte) {
+	// Fall back to safe Marshal because the type in not packed.
+	ke.MarshalBytes(dst)
+}
+
+// UnmarshalUnsafe implements marshal.Marshallable.UnmarshalUnsafe.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) UnmarshalUnsafe(src []byte) {
+	// Fall back to safe Unmarshal because the type in not packed.
+	ke.UnmarshalBytes(src)
+}
+
+// CopyIn implements marshal.Marshallable.CopyIn.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) CopyIn(task marshal.Task, addr usermem.Addr) (int, error) {
+	buf := task.CopyScratchBuffer(ke.SizeBytes()) // escapes: okay.
+	length, err := task.CopyInBytes(addr, buf)    // escapes: okay.
+	// Unmarshal unconditionally. If we had a short copy-in, this results in a
+	// partially unmarshalled struct.
+	ke.UnmarshalBytes(buf) // escapes: fallback.
+	return length, err
+}
+
+// CopyOut implements marshal.Marshallable.CopyOut.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) CopyOut(task marshal.Task, addr usermem.Addr) (int, error) {
+	// Type KernelIPTGetEntries doesn't have a packed layout in memory, fall
+	// back to MarshalBytes.
+	return task.CopyOutBytes(addr, ke.marshalAll(task))
+}
+
+// CopyOutN implements marshal.Marshallable.CopyOutN.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) CopyOutN(task marshal.Task, addr usermem.Addr, limit int) (int, error) {
+	// Type KernelIPTGetEntries doesn't have a packed layout in memory, fall
+	// back to MarshalBytes.
+	return task.CopyOutBytes(addr, ke.marshalAll(task)[:limit])
+}
+
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) marshalAll(task marshal.Task) []byte {
+	buf := task.CopyScratchBuffer(ke.SizeBytes())
+	ke.MarshalBytes(buf)
+	return buf
+}
+
+// WriteTo implements io.WriterTo.WriteTo.
+func (ke *KernelIPTGetEntries) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, ke.SizeBytes())
+	ke.MarshalBytes(buf)
+	length, err := w.Write(buf)
+	return int64(length), err
+}
+
+var _ marshal.Marshallable = (*KernelIPTGetEntries)(nil)
+
 // IPTReplace is the argument for the IPT_SO_SET_REPLACE sockopt. It
 // corresponds to struct ipt_replace in
 // include/uapi/linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h.
@@ -374,12 +500,6 @@ type IPTReplace struct {
 	// Entries [0]IPTEntry
 }
 
-// KernelIPTReplace is identical to IPTReplace, but includes the Entries field.
-type KernelIPTReplace struct {
-	IPTReplace
-	Entries [0]IPTEntry
-}
-
 // SizeOfIPTReplace is the size of an IPTReplace.
 const SizeOfIPTReplace = 96
 
@@ -392,6 +512,8 @@ func (en ExtensionName) String() string {
 }
 
 // TableName holds the name of a netfilter table.
+//
+// +marshal
 type TableName [XT_TABLE_MAXNAMELEN]byte
 
 // String implements fmt.Stringer.
diff --git a/pkg/abi/linux/socket.go b/pkg/abi/linux/socket.go
index 95337c168..c24a8216e 100644
--- a/pkg/abi/linux/socket.go
+++ b/pkg/abi/linux/socket.go
@@ -234,6 +234,8 @@ const (
 const SockAddrMax = 128
 
 // InetAddr is struct in_addr, from uapi/linux/in.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type InetAddr [4]byte
 
 // SockAddrInet is struct sockaddr_in, from uapi/linux/in.h.
@@ -303,6 +305,8 @@ func (s *SockAddrUnix) implementsSockAddr()    {}
 func (s *SockAddrNetlink) implementsSockAddr() {}
 
 // Linger is struct linger, from include/linux/socket.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type Linger struct {
 	OnOff  int32
 	Linger int32
@@ -317,6 +321,8 @@ const SizeOfLinger = 8
 // the end of this struct or within existing unusued space, so its size grows
 // over time. The current iteration is based on linux v4.17. New versions are
 // always backwards compatible.
+//
+// +marshal
 type TCPInfo struct {
 	State       uint8
 	CaState     uint8
@@ -414,6 +420,8 @@ var SizeOfControlMessageHeader = int(binary.Size(ControlMessageHeader{}))
 // A ControlMessageCredentials is an SCM_CREDENTIALS socket control message.
 //
 // ControlMessageCredentials represents struct ucred from linux/socket.h.
+//
+// +marshal
 type ControlMessageCredentials struct {
 	PID int32
 	UID uint32
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/socket/BUILD
index c40c6d673..c0fd3425b 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/BUILD
@@ -20,5 +20,6 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/syserr",
         "//pkg/tcpip",
         "//pkg/usermem",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/BUILD
index ff81ea6e6..e76e498de 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/BUILD
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/tcpip/stack",
         "//pkg/usermem",
         "//pkg/waiter",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/primitive",
         "@org_golang_x_sys//unix:go_default_library",
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/socket.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/socket.go
index a92aed2c9..ec5506efc 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/socket.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/hostinet/socket.go
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserror"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -319,7 +321,7 @@ func (s *socketOpsCommon) Shutdown(t *kernel.Task, how int) *syserr.Error {
 }
 
 // GetSockOpt implements socket.Socket.GetSockOpt.
-func (s *socketOpsCommon) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func (s *socketOpsCommon) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	if outLen < 0 {
 		return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 	}
@@ -364,7 +366,8 @@ func (s *socketOpsCommon) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, syserr.FromError(err)
 	}
-	return opt, nil
+	optP := primitive.ByteSlice(opt)
+	return &optP, nil
 }
 
 // SetSockOpt implements socket.Socket.SetSockOpt.
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/netfilter/netfilter.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/netfilter/netfilter.go
index 1243143ea..d9394055d 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/netfilter/netfilter.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/netfilter/netfilter.go
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func convertNetstackToBinary(stack *stack.Stack, tablename linux.TableName) (lin
 
 		// Each rule corresponds to an entry.
 		entry := linux.KernelIPTEntry{
-			IPTEntry: linux.IPTEntry{
+			Entry: linux.IPTEntry{
 				IP: linux.IPTIP{
 					Protocol: uint16(rule.Filter.Protocol),
 				},
@@ -153,20 +153,20 @@ func convertNetstackToBinary(stack *stack.Stack, tablename linux.TableName) (lin
 				TargetOffset: linux.SizeOfIPTEntry,
 			},
 		}
-		copy(entry.IPTEntry.IP.Dst[:], rule.Filter.Dst)
-		copy(entry.IPTEntry.IP.DstMask[:], rule.Filter.DstMask)
-		copy(entry.IPTEntry.IP.Src[:], rule.Filter.Src)
-		copy(entry.IPTEntry.IP.SrcMask[:], rule.Filter.SrcMask)
-		copy(entry.IPTEntry.IP.OutputInterface[:], rule.Filter.OutputInterface)
-		copy(entry.IPTEntry.IP.OutputInterfaceMask[:], rule.Filter.OutputInterfaceMask)
+		copy(entry.Entry.IP.Dst[:], rule.Filter.Dst)
+		copy(entry.Entry.IP.DstMask[:], rule.Filter.DstMask)
+		copy(entry.Entry.IP.Src[:], rule.Filter.Src)
+		copy(entry.Entry.IP.SrcMask[:], rule.Filter.SrcMask)
+		copy(entry.Entry.IP.OutputInterface[:], rule.Filter.OutputInterface)
+		copy(entry.Entry.IP.OutputInterfaceMask[:], rule.Filter.OutputInterfaceMask)
 		if rule.Filter.DstInvert {
-			entry.IPTEntry.IP.InverseFlags |= linux.IPT_INV_DSTIP
+			entry.Entry.IP.InverseFlags |= linux.IPT_INV_DSTIP
 		}
 		if rule.Filter.SrcInvert {
-			entry.IPTEntry.IP.InverseFlags |= linux.IPT_INV_SRCIP
+			entry.Entry.IP.InverseFlags |= linux.IPT_INV_SRCIP
 		}
 		if rule.Filter.OutputInterfaceInvert {
-			entry.IPTEntry.IP.InverseFlags |= linux.IPT_INV_VIA_OUT
+			entry.Entry.IP.InverseFlags |= linux.IPT_INV_VIA_OUT
 		}
 
 		for _, matcher := range rule.Matchers {
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ func convertNetstackToBinary(stack *stack.Stack, tablename linux.TableName) (lin
 				panic(fmt.Sprintf("matcher %T is not 64-bit aligned", matcher))
 			}
 			entry.Elems = append(entry.Elems, serialized...)
-			entry.NextOffset += uint16(len(serialized))
-			entry.TargetOffset += uint16(len(serialized))
+			entry.Entry.NextOffset += uint16(len(serialized))
+			entry.Entry.TargetOffset += uint16(len(serialized))
 		}
 
 		// Serialize and append the target.
@@ -188,11 +188,11 @@ func convertNetstackToBinary(stack *stack.Stack, tablename linux.TableName) (lin
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("target %T is not 64-bit aligned", rule.Target))
 		}
 		entry.Elems = append(entry.Elems, serialized...)
-		entry.NextOffset += uint16(len(serialized))
+		entry.Entry.NextOffset += uint16(len(serialized))
 
 		nflog("convert to binary: adding entry: %+v", entry)
 
-		entries.Size += uint32(entry.NextOffset)
+		entries.Size += uint32(entry.Entry.NextOffset)
 		entries.Entrytable = append(entries.Entrytable, entry)
 		info.NumEntries++
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/BUILD
index d5ca3ac56..0546801bf 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/BUILD
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/tcpip",
         "//pkg/usermem",
         "//pkg/waiter",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/primitive",
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/socket.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/socket.go
index 81f34c5a2..98ca7add0 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/socket.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/netlink/socket.go
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
 )
 
 const sizeOfInt32 int = 4
@@ -330,7 +332,7 @@ func (s *socketOpsCommon) Shutdown(t *kernel.Task, how int) *syserr.Error {
 }
 
 // GetSockOpt implements socket.Socket.GetSockOpt.
-func (s *socketOpsCommon) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func (s *socketOpsCommon) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	switch level {
 	case linux.SOL_SOCKET:
 		switch name {
@@ -340,24 +342,26 @@ func (s *socketOpsCommon) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr
 			}
 			s.mu.Lock()
 			defer s.mu.Unlock()
-			return int32(s.sendBufferSize), nil
+			sendBufferSizeP := primitive.Int32(s.sendBufferSize)
+			return &sendBufferSizeP, nil
 
 		case linux.SO_RCVBUF:
 			if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
 				return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 			}
 			// We don't have limit on receiving size.
-			return int32(math.MaxInt32), nil
+			recvBufferSizeP := primitive.Int32(math.MaxInt32)
+			return &recvBufferSizeP, nil
 
 		case linux.SO_PASSCRED:
 			if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
 				return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 			}
-			var passcred int32
+			var passcred primitive.Int32
 			if s.Passcred() {
 				passcred = 1
 			}
-			return passcred, nil
+			return &passcred, nil
 
 		default:
 			socket.GetSockOptEmitUnimplementedEvent(t, name)
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/BUILD
index ea6ebd0e2..1fb777a6c 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/BUILD
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/tcpip/transport/udp",
         "//pkg/usermem",
         "//pkg/waiter",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/primitive",
         "@org_golang_x_sys//unix:go_default_library",
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack.go
index 964ec8414..9856ab8c5 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack.go
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/udp"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
 )
 
 func mustCreateMetric(name, description string) *tcpip.StatCounter {
@@ -910,7 +912,7 @@ func (s *socketOpsCommon) Shutdown(t *kernel.Task, how int) *syserr.Error {
 
 // GetSockOpt implements the linux syscall getsockopt(2) for sockets backed by
 // tcpip.Endpoint.
-func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	// TODO(b/78348848): Unlike other socket options, SO_TIMESTAMP is
 	// implemented specifically for netstack.SocketOperations rather than
 	// commonEndpoint. commonEndpoint should be extended to support socket
@@ -920,25 +922,25 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr us
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
-		val := int32(0)
+		val := primitive.Int32(0)
 		s.readMu.Lock()
 		defer s.readMu.Unlock()
 		if s.sockOptTimestamp {
 			val = 1
 		}
-		return val, nil
+		return &val, nil
 	}
 	if level == linux.SOL_TCP && name == linux.TCP_INQ {
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
-		val := int32(0)
+		val := primitive.Int32(0)
 		s.readMu.Lock()
 		defer s.readMu.Unlock()
 		if s.sockOptInq {
 			val = 1
 		}
-		return val, nil
+		return &val, nil
 	}
 
 	if s.skType == linux.SOCK_RAW && level == linux.IPPROTO_IP {
@@ -956,7 +958,7 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr us
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return info, nil
+			return &info, nil
 
 		case linux.IPT_SO_GET_ENTRIES:
 			if outLen < linux.SizeOfIPTGetEntries {
@@ -971,7 +973,7 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr us
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return entries, nil
+			return &entries, nil
 
 		}
 	}
@@ -981,7 +983,7 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr us
 
 // GetSockOpt can be used to implement the linux syscall getsockopt(2) for
 // sockets backed by a commonEndpoint.
-func GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, family int, skType linux.SockType, level, name, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, family int, skType linux.SockType, level, name, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	switch level {
 	case linux.SOL_SOCKET:
 		return getSockOptSocket(t, s, ep, family, skType, name, outLen)
@@ -1014,7 +1016,7 @@ func boolToInt32(v bool) int32 {
 }
 
 // getSockOptSocket implements GetSockOpt when level is SOL_SOCKET.
-func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, family int, skType linux.SockType, name, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, family int, skType linux.SockType, name, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	// TODO(b/124056281): Stop rejecting short optLen values in getsockopt.
 	switch name {
 	case linux.SO_ERROR:
@@ -1025,9 +1027,12 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		// Get the last error and convert it.
 		err := ep.GetSockOpt(tcpip.ErrorOption{})
 		if err == nil {
-			return int32(0), nil
+			optP := primitive.Int32(0)
+			return &optP, nil
 		}
-		return int32(syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err).ToLinux().Number()), nil
+
+		optP := primitive.Int32(syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err).ToLinux().Number())
+		return &optP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_PEERCRED:
 		if family != linux.AF_UNIX || outLen < syscall.SizeofUcred {
@@ -1035,11 +1040,12 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		}
 
 		tcred := t.Credentials()
-		return syscall.Ucred{
-			Pid: int32(t.ThreadGroup().ID()),
-			Uid: uint32(tcred.EffectiveKUID.In(tcred.UserNamespace).OrOverflow()),
-			Gid: uint32(tcred.EffectiveKGID.In(tcred.UserNamespace).OrOverflow()),
-		}, nil
+		creds := linux.ControlMessageCredentials{
+			PID: int32(t.ThreadGroup().ID()),
+			UID: uint32(tcred.EffectiveKUID.In(tcred.UserNamespace).OrOverflow()),
+			GID: uint32(tcred.EffectiveKGID.In(tcred.UserNamespace).OrOverflow()),
+		}
+		return &creds, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_PASSCRED:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1050,7 +1056,9 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_SNDBUF:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1066,7 +1074,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			size = math.MaxInt32
 		}
 
-		return int32(size), nil
+		sizeP := primitive.Int32(size)
+		return &sizeP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_RCVBUF:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1082,7 +1091,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			size = math.MaxInt32
 		}
 
-		return int32(size), nil
+		sizeP := primitive.Int32(size)
+		return &sizeP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_REUSEADDR:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1093,7 +1103,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_REUSEPORT:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1104,7 +1115,9 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_BINDTODEVICE:
 		var v tcpip.BindToDeviceOption
@@ -1112,7 +1125,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 		if v == 0 {
-			return []byte{}, nil
+			var b primitive.ByteSlice
+			return &b, nil
 		}
 		if outLen < linux.IFNAMSIZ {
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
@@ -1127,7 +1141,9 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			// interface was removed.
 			return nil, syserr.ErrUnknownDevice
 		}
-		return append([]byte(nic.Name), 0), nil
+
+		name := primitive.ByteSlice(append([]byte(nic.Name), 0))
+		return &name, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_BROADCAST:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1138,7 +1154,9 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_KEEPALIVE:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1149,13 +1167,17 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_LINGER:
 		if outLen < linux.SizeOfLinger {
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
-		return linux.Linger{}, nil
+
+		linger := linux.Linger{}
+		return &linger, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_SNDTIMEO:
 		// TODO(igudger): Linux allows shorter lengths for partial results.
@@ -1163,7 +1185,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
 
-		return linux.NsecToTimeval(s.SendTimeout()), nil
+		sendTimeout := linux.NsecToTimeval(s.SendTimeout())
+		return &sendTimeout, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_RCVTIMEO:
 		// TODO(igudger): Linux allows shorter lengths for partial results.
@@ -1171,7 +1194,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
 
-		return linux.NsecToTimeval(s.RecvTimeout()), nil
+		recvTimeout := linux.NsecToTimeval(s.RecvTimeout())
+		return &recvTimeout, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_OOBINLINE:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1183,7 +1207,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.SO_NO_CHECK:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1194,7 +1219,8 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	default:
 		socket.GetSockOptEmitUnimplementedEvent(t, name)
@@ -1203,7 +1229,7 @@ func getSockOptSocket(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketOps, ep commonEndpoint, fam
 }
 
 // getSockOptTCP implements GetSockOpt when level is SOL_TCP.
-func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	switch name {
 	case linux.TCP_NODELAY:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1214,7 +1240,9 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(!v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(!v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_CORK:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1225,7 +1253,9 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_QUICKACK:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1236,7 +1266,9 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_MAXSEG:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1247,8 +1279,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_KEEPIDLE:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1259,8 +1291,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err := ep.GetSockOpt(&v); err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second), nil
+		keepAliveIdle := primitive.Int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second)
+		return &keepAliveIdle, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_KEEPINTVL:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1271,8 +1303,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err := ep.GetSockOpt(&v); err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second), nil
+		keepAliveInterval := primitive.Int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second)
+		return &keepAliveInterval, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_KEEPCNT:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1283,8 +1315,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_USER_TIMEOUT:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1295,8 +1327,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err := ep.GetSockOpt(&v); err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Millisecond), nil
+		tcpUserTimeout := primitive.Int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Millisecond)
+		return &tcpUserTimeout, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_INFO:
 		var v tcpip.TCPInfoOption
@@ -1309,12 +1341,13 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		info := linux.TCPInfo{}
 
 		// Linux truncates the output binary to outLen.
-		ib := binary.Marshal(nil, usermem.ByteOrder, &info)
-		if len(ib) > outLen {
-			ib = ib[:outLen]
+		buf := t.CopyScratchBuffer(info.SizeBytes())
+		info.MarshalUnsafe(buf)
+		if len(buf) > outLen {
+			buf = buf[:outLen]
 		}
-
-		return ib, nil
+		bufP := primitive.ByteSlice(buf)
+		return &bufP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_CC_INFO,
 		linux.TCP_NOTSENT_LOWAT,
@@ -1344,7 +1377,9 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		}
 		b := make([]byte, toCopy)
 		copy(b, v)
-		return b, nil
+
+		bP := primitive.ByteSlice(b)
+		return &bP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_LINGER2:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1356,7 +1391,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 
-		return int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second), nil
+		lingerTimeout := primitive.Int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second)
+		return &lingerTimeout, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1368,7 +1404,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 
-		return int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second), nil
+		tcpDeferAccept := primitive.Int32(time.Duration(v) / time.Second)
+		return &tcpDeferAccept, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_SYNCNT:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1379,8 +1416,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.TCP_WINDOW_CLAMP:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1391,8 +1428,8 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 	default:
 		emitUnimplementedEventTCP(t, name)
 	}
@@ -1400,7 +1437,7 @@ func getSockOptTCP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interfa
 }
 
 // getSockOptIPv6 implements GetSockOpt when level is SOL_IPV6.
-func getSockOptIPv6(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func getSockOptIPv6(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	switch name {
 	case linux.IPV6_V6ONLY:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1411,7 +1448,9 @@ func getSockOptIPv6(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interf
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.IPV6_PATHMTU:
 		t.Kernel().EmitUnimplementedEvent(t)
@@ -1419,21 +1458,24 @@ func getSockOptIPv6(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interf
 	case linux.IPV6_TCLASS:
 		// Length handling for parity with Linux.
 		if outLen == 0 {
-			return make([]byte, 0), nil
+			var b primitive.ByteSlice
+			return &b, nil
 		}
 		v, err := ep.GetSockOptInt(tcpip.IPv6TrafficClassOption)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 
-		uintv := uint32(v)
+		uintv := primitive.Uint32(v)
 		// Linux truncates the output binary to outLen.
-		ib := binary.Marshal(nil, usermem.ByteOrder, &uintv)
+		ib := t.CopyScratchBuffer(uintv.SizeBytes())
+		uintv.MarshalUnsafe(ib)
 		// Handle cases where outLen is lesser than sizeOfInt32.
 		if len(ib) > outLen {
 			ib = ib[:outLen]
 		}
-		return ib, nil
+		ibP := primitive.ByteSlice(ib)
+		return &ibP, nil
 
 	case linux.IPV6_RECVTCLASS:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1444,7 +1486,9 @@ func getSockOptIPv6(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interf
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	default:
 		emitUnimplementedEventIPv6(t, name)
@@ -1453,7 +1497,7 @@ func getSockOptIPv6(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int) (interf
 }
 
 // getSockOptIP implements GetSockOpt when level is SOL_IP.
-func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	switch name {
 	case linux.IP_TTL:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1466,11 +1510,12 @@ func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family in
 		}
 
 		// Fill in the default value, if needed.
-		if v == 0 {
-			v = DefaultTTL
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		if vP == 0 {
+			vP = DefaultTTL
 		}
 
-		return int32(v), nil
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.IP_MULTICAST_TTL:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1482,7 +1527,8 @@ func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family in
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.IP_MULTICAST_IF:
 		if outLen < len(linux.InetAddr{}) {
@@ -1496,7 +1542,7 @@ func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family in
 
 		a, _ := ConvertAddress(linux.AF_INET, tcpip.FullAddress{Addr: v.InterfaceAddr})
 
-		return a.(*linux.SockAddrInet).Addr, nil
+		return &a.(*linux.SockAddrInet).Addr, nil
 
 	case linux.IP_MULTICAST_LOOP:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1507,21 +1553,26 @@ func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family in
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.IP_TOS:
 		// Length handling for parity with Linux.
 		if outLen == 0 {
-			return []byte(nil), nil
+			var b primitive.ByteSlice
+			return &b, nil
 		}
 		v, err := ep.GetSockOptInt(tcpip.IPv4TOSOption)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
-			return uint8(v), nil
+			vP := primitive.Uint8(v)
+			return &vP, nil
 		}
-		return int32(v), nil
+		vP := primitive.Int32(v)
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.IP_RECVTOS:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1532,7 +1583,9 @@ func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family in
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	case linux.IP_PKTINFO:
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
@@ -1543,7 +1596,9 @@ func getSockOptIP(t *kernel.Task, ep commonEndpoint, name, outLen int, family in
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 		}
-		return boolToInt32(v), nil
+
+		vP := primitive.Int32(boolToInt32(v))
+		return &vP, nil
 
 	default:
 		emitUnimplementedEventIP(t, name)
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack_vfs2.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack_vfs2.go
index d65a89316..a9025b0ec 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack_vfs2.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/netstack/netstack_vfs2.go
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
 )
 
 // SocketVFS2 encapsulates all the state needed to represent a network stack
@@ -200,7 +202,7 @@ func (s *SocketVFS2) Ioctl(ctx context.Context, uio usermem.IO, args arch.Syscal
 
 // GetSockOpt implements the linux syscall getsockopt(2) for sockets backed by
 // tcpip.Endpoint.
-func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	// TODO(b/78348848): Unlike other socket options, SO_TIMESTAMP is
 	// implemented specifically for netstack.SocketVFS2 rather than
 	// commonEndpoint. commonEndpoint should be extended to support socket
@@ -210,25 +212,25 @@ func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
-		val := int32(0)
+		val := primitive.Int32(0)
 		s.readMu.Lock()
 		defer s.readMu.Unlock()
 		if s.sockOptTimestamp {
 			val = 1
 		}
-		return val, nil
+		return &val, nil
 	}
 	if level == linux.SOL_TCP && name == linux.TCP_INQ {
 		if outLen < sizeOfInt32 {
 			return nil, syserr.ErrInvalidArgument
 		}
-		val := int32(0)
+		val := primitive.Int32(0)
 		s.readMu.Lock()
 		defer s.readMu.Unlock()
 		if s.sockOptInq {
 			val = 1
 		}
-		return val, nil
+		return &val, nil
 	}
 
 	if s.skType == linux.SOCK_RAW && level == linux.IPPROTO_IP {
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return info, nil
+			return &info, nil
 
 		case linux.IPT_SO_GET_ENTRIES:
 			if outLen < linux.SizeOfIPTGetEntries {
@@ -261,7 +263,7 @@ func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return entries, nil
+			return &entries, nil
 
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/socket.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/socket.go
index fcd7f9d7f..d112757fb 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/socket.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/socket.go
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserr"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
 )
 
 // ControlMessages represents the union of unix control messages and tcpip
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ type SocketOps interface {
 	Shutdown(t *kernel.Task, how int) *syserr.Error
 
 	// GetSockOpt implements the getsockopt(2) linux syscall.
-	GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error)
+	GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error)
 
 	// SetSockOpt implements the setsockopt(2) linux syscall.
 	SetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, opt []byte) *syserr.Error
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/BUILD
index cca5e70f1..061a689a9 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/BUILD
@@ -35,5 +35,6 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/tcpip",
         "//pkg/usermem",
         "//pkg/waiter",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix.go
index 4bb2b6ff4..0482d33cf 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix.go
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
 )
 
 // SocketOperations is a Unix socket. It is similar to a netstack socket,
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) Ioctl(ctx context.Context, _ *fs.File, io usermem.IO,
 
 // GetSockOpt implements the linux syscall getsockopt(2) for sockets backed by
 // a transport.Endpoint.
-func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func (s *SocketOperations) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	return netstack.GetSockOpt(t, s, s.ep, linux.AF_UNIX, s.ep.Type(), level, name, outLen)
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix_vfs2.go b/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix_vfs2.go
index ff2149250..05c16fcfe 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix_vfs2.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/socket/unix/unix_vfs2.go
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
 )
 
 // SocketVFS2 implements socket.SocketVFS2 (and by extension,
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ func NewFileDescription(ep transport.Endpoint, stype linux.SockType, flags uint3
 
 // GetSockOpt implements the linux syscall getsockopt(2) for sockets backed by
 // a transport.Endpoint.
-func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level int, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func (s *SocketVFS2) GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, level, name int, outPtr usermem.Addr, outLen int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	return netstack.GetSockOpt(t, s, s.ep, linux.AF_UNIX, s.ep.Type(), level, name, outLen)
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/BUILD
index 217fcfef2..4a9b04fd0 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/BUILD
@@ -99,5 +99,7 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/syserror",
         "//pkg/usermem",
         "//pkg/waiter",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/primitive",
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/sys_socket.go b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/sys_socket.go
index 0760af77b..414fce8e3 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/sys_socket.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/sys_socket.go
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserr"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserror"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
 )
 
 // LINT.IfChange
@@ -474,7 +476,7 @@ func GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, args arch.SyscallArguments) (uintptr, *kernel.Sy
 	}
 
 	if v != nil {
-		if _, err := t.CopyOut(optValAddr, v); err != nil {
+		if _, err := v.CopyOut(t, optValAddr); err != nil {
 			return 0, nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -484,7 +486,7 @@ func GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, args arch.SyscallArguments) (uintptr, *kernel.Sy
 
 // getSockOpt tries to handle common socket options, or dispatches to a specific
 // socket implementation.
-func getSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.Socket, level, name int, optValAddr usermem.Addr, len int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func getSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.Socket, level, name int, optValAddr usermem.Addr, len int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	if level == linux.SOL_SOCKET {
 		switch name {
 		case linux.SO_TYPE, linux.SO_DOMAIN, linux.SO_PROTOCOL:
@@ -496,13 +498,16 @@ func getSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.Socket, level, name int, optValAddr use
 		switch name {
 		case linux.SO_TYPE:
 			_, skType, _ := s.Type()
-			return int32(skType), nil
+			v := primitive.Int32(skType)
+			return &v, nil
 		case linux.SO_DOMAIN:
 			family, _, _ := s.Type()
-			return int32(family), nil
+			v := primitive.Int32(family)
+			return &v, nil
 		case linux.SO_PROTOCOL:
 			_, _, protocol := s.Type()
-			return int32(protocol), nil
+			v := primitive.Int32(protocol)
+			return &v, nil
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -539,7 +544,7 @@ func SetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, args arch.SyscallArguments) (uintptr, *kernel.Sy
 		return 0, nil, syserror.EINVAL
 	}
 	buf := t.CopyScratchBuffer(int(optLen))
-	if _, err := t.CopyIn(optValAddr, &buf); err != nil {
+	if _, err := t.CopyInBytes(optValAddr, buf); err != nil {
 		return 0, nil, err
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/BUILD b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/BUILD
index 0c740335b..64696b438 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/BUILD
+++ b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/BUILD
@@ -72,5 +72,7 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/syserror",
         "//pkg/usermem",
         "//pkg/waiter",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/marshal",
+        "//tools/go_marshal/primitive",
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/socket.go b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/socket.go
index 10b668477..8096a8f9c 100644
--- a/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/socket.go
+++ b/pkg/sentry/syscalls/linux/vfs2/socket.go
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserr"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/syserror"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/primitive"
 )
 
 // minListenBacklog is the minimum reasonable backlog for listening sockets.
@@ -477,7 +479,7 @@ func GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, args arch.SyscallArguments) (uintptr, *kernel.Sy
 	}
 
 	if v != nil {
-		if _, err := t.CopyOut(optValAddr, v); err != nil {
+		if _, err := v.CopyOut(t, optValAddr); err != nil {
 			return 0, nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -487,7 +489,7 @@ func GetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, args arch.SyscallArguments) (uintptr, *kernel.Sy
 
 // getSockOpt tries to handle common socket options, or dispatches to a specific
 // socket implementation.
-func getSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketVFS2, level, name int, optValAddr usermem.Addr, len int) (interface{}, *syserr.Error) {
+func getSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketVFS2, level, name int, optValAddr usermem.Addr, len int) (marshal.Marshallable, *syserr.Error) {
 	if level == linux.SOL_SOCKET {
 		switch name {
 		case linux.SO_TYPE, linux.SO_DOMAIN, linux.SO_PROTOCOL:
@@ -499,13 +501,16 @@ func getSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, s socket.SocketVFS2, level, name int, optValAddr
 		switch name {
 		case linux.SO_TYPE:
 			_, skType, _ := s.Type()
-			return int32(skType), nil
+			v := primitive.Int32(skType)
+			return &v, nil
 		case linux.SO_DOMAIN:
 			family, _, _ := s.Type()
-			return int32(family), nil
+			v := primitive.Int32(family)
+			return &v, nil
 		case linux.SO_PROTOCOL:
 			_, _, protocol := s.Type()
-			return int32(protocol), nil
+			v := primitive.Int32(protocol)
+			return &v, nil
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -542,7 +547,7 @@ func SetSockOpt(t *kernel.Task, args arch.SyscallArguments) (uintptr, *kernel.Sy
 		return 0, nil, syserror.EINVAL
 	}
 	buf := t.CopyScratchBuffer(int(optLen))
-	if _, err := t.CopyIn(optValAddr, &buf); err != nil {
+	if _, err := t.CopyInBytes(optValAddr, buf); err != nil {
 		return 0, nil, err
 	}
 
diff --git a/tools/go_marshal/README.md b/tools/go_marshal/README.md
index 4886efddf..68d759083 100644
--- a/tools/go_marshal/README.md
+++ b/tools/go_marshal/README.md
@@ -9,11 +9,9 @@ automatically generating code to marshal go data structures to memory.
 `binary.Marshal` by moving the go runtime reflection necessary to marshal a
 struct to compile-time.
 
-`go_marshal` automatically generates implementations for `abi.Marshallable` and
-`safemem.{Reader,Writer}`. Call-sites for serialization (typically syscall
-implementations) can directly invoke `safemem.Reader.ReadToBlocks` and
-`safemem.Writer.WriteFromBlocks`. Data structures that require custom
-serialization will have manual implementations for these interfaces.
+`go_marshal` automatically generates implementations for `marshal.Marshallable`
+and `safemem.{Reader,Writer}`. Data structures that require custom serialization
+will have manual implementations for these interfaces.
 
 Data structures can be flagged for code generation by adding a struct-level
 comment `// +marshal`.
diff --git a/tools/go_marshal/primitive/primitive.go b/tools/go_marshal/primitive/primitive.go
index ebcf130ae..d93edda8b 100644
--- a/tools/go_marshal/primitive/primitive.go
+++ b/tools/go_marshal/primitive/primitive.go
@@ -17,10 +17,22 @@
 package primitive
 
 import (
+	"io"
+
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/usermem"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/tools/go_marshal/marshal"
 )
 
+// Int8 is a marshal.Marshallable implementation for int8.
+//
+// +marshal slice:Int8Slice:inner
+type Int8 int8
+
+// Uint8 is a marshal.Marshallable implementation for uint8.
+//
+// +marshal slice:Uint8Slice:inner
+type Uint8 uint8
+
 // Int16 is a marshal.Marshallable implementation for int16.
 //
 // +marshal slice:Int16Slice:inner
@@ -51,6 +63,66 @@ type Int64 int64
 // +marshal slice:Uint64Slice:inner
 type Uint64 uint64
 
+// ByteSlice is a marshal.Marshallable implementation for []byte.
+// This is a convenience wrapper around a dynamically sized type, and can't be
+// embedded in other marshallable types because it breaks assumptions made by
+// go-marshal internals. It violates the "no dynamically-sized types"
+// constraint of the go-marshal library.
+type ByteSlice []byte
+
+// SizeBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.SizeBytes.
+func (b *ByteSlice) SizeBytes() int {
+	return len(*b)
+}
+
+// MarshalBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.MarshalBytes.
+func (b *ByteSlice) MarshalBytes(dst []byte) {
+	copy(dst, *b)
+}
+
+// UnmarshalBytes implements marshal.Marshallable.UnmarshalBytes.
+func (b *ByteSlice) UnmarshalBytes(src []byte) {
+	copy(*b, src)
+}
+
+// Packed implements marshal.Marshallable.Packed.
+func (b *ByteSlice) Packed() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+// MarshalUnsafe implements marshal.Marshallable.MarshalUnsafe.
+func (b *ByteSlice) MarshalUnsafe(dst []byte) {
+	b.MarshalBytes(dst)
+}
+
+// UnmarshalUnsafe implements marshal.Marshallable.UnmarshalUnsafe.
+func (b *ByteSlice) UnmarshalUnsafe(src []byte) {
+	b.UnmarshalBytes(src)
+}
+
+// CopyIn implements marshal.Marshallable.CopyIn.
+func (b *ByteSlice) CopyIn(task marshal.Task, addr usermem.Addr) (int, error) {
+	return task.CopyInBytes(addr, *b)
+}
+
+// CopyOut implements marshal.Marshallable.CopyOut.
+func (b *ByteSlice) CopyOut(task marshal.Task, addr usermem.Addr) (int, error) {
+	return task.CopyOutBytes(addr, *b)
+}
+
+// CopyOutN implements marshal.Marshallable.CopyOutN.
+func (b *ByteSlice) CopyOutN(task marshal.Task, addr usermem.Addr, limit int) (int, error) {
+	return task.CopyOutBytes(addr, (*b)[:limit])
+}
+
+// WriteTo implements io.WriterTo.WriteTo.
+func (b *ByteSlice) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, error) {
+	n, err := w.Write(*b)
+	return int64(n), err
+}
+
+var _ marshal.Marshallable = (*ByteSlice)(nil)
+
 // Below, we define some convenience functions for marshalling primitive types
 // using the newtypes above, without requiring superfluous casts.